CN101384977A - 具有触摸屏界面的计算机的操作 - Google Patents

具有触摸屏界面的计算机的操作 Download PDF

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CN101384977A
CN101384977A CNA200680033890XA CN200680033890A CN101384977A CN 101384977 A CN101384977 A CN 101384977A CN A200680033890X A CNA200680033890X A CN A200680033890XA CN 200680033890 A CN200680033890 A CN 200680033890A CN 101384977 A CN101384977 A CN 101384977A
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user interface
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CN101384977B (zh
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B·奥丁
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
    • G06F3/023Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
    • G06F3/0233Character input methods
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    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
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    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G06F3/0482Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04883Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
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    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04886Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有触摸屏界面的计算机的操作。触摸屏计算机执行应用。提供了一种响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的方法。在触摸屏上提供虚拟输入设备。该虚拟输入设备包含多个虚拟键。检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟键,并且针对触摸来确定用户的行为。处理确定的行为并将预定特性与在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟键相关联。至少部分基于处理确定的行为的结果,确定对名义上的激活的反应。

Description

具有触摸屏界面的计算机的操作
(对相关申请的交叉引用)
本申请要求于2005年9月16日提交的美国专利申请11/228700的优先权,11/228700是在先申请No.10/903964的部分继续申请并且要求了后者的优先权,在此引入其公开的全部内容作为参考。本申请还涉及以下的共同未决的申请:2004年5月6日提交的美国专利申请No.10/840862;2004年7月30日提交的美国专利申请No.11/048264;2004年7月30日提交的美国专利申请No.11/038590;2005年9月16日提交的美国专利申请No.11/228737;和2005年9月16日提交的美国专利申请No.11/228758,在此出于各种目的加入所有这些申请的全部内容作为参考。
技术领域
本专利申请涉及触摸屏用户界面,更具体地说,涉及基于用户与诸如触摸屏用户界面上的虚拟键盘的虚拟GUI项目的交互的计算机的操作。
背景技术
触摸屏是具有覆盖屏幕的触摸敏感透明面板或者可用其它方式识别屏幕上的触摸输入的一种类型的显示屏。一般地,触摸屏显示器被容纳于与包含在程序控制下工作的处理电路的计算机电路相同的外壳内。当使用触摸屏以向在计算机上执行的应用提供输入时,用户通过(通常用针笔或手指)直接指向在屏幕上显示的图形用户界面(GUI)对象而在显示屏上进行选择。
在触摸屏上显示的GUI对象的集合可被视为虚拟键盘。与不与显示屏如此紧密相关的常规外部键盘类似,虚拟键盘包含多个键(“虚拟键”)。特定的虚拟键(或虚拟键的组合)的激活产生作为输入而提供给在计算机上执行的应用的信号(或多个信号)。
由于触摸屏键盘工作于其上的硬件的本质,触摸屏键盘一般搜集的关于用户的动作的信息远比可用典型的外部键盘收集的要多。例如,典型的外部键盘每个键包含单个“传感器”(诸如机械开关或电连接)或少量的传感器,而触摸屏键盘一般每个虚拟键具有许多传感器。
希望使用关于用户的动作的信息,以使得用户通过触摸屏虚拟键盘比使用外部键盘的计算机的通常(或者或许、甚至可能的)情况更有效地体验计算机。
另一方面,即使具有大量传感器的触摸屏一般也缺少直接收集关于用户的动作的一些类型的信息的能力。希望使用可用于推断其它类型信息(例如不能直接关于用户的动作搜集的信息)的信息。
发明内容
触摸屏计算机执行应用。提供了一种响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的方法。在触摸屏上提供虚拟输入设备。该虚拟输入设备包含多个虚拟GUI项目(在一些特定例子中可以为虚拟键盘的虚拟键)。检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟GUI项目(例如,虚拟键),并且针对触摸来确定用户的行为。处理确定的行为并将预定特性与在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟GUI项目相关联。至少部分基于处理确定的行为的结果,确定对名义上的激活的反应。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的示例性的基于触摸屏的计算机系统的框图。
图2是宽泛地示出处理关于在多点感测装置的触摸屏上显示的虚拟输入设备的用户触摸行为以影响对用户的触摸的反应的方法的流程图。
图3示出使用多点感测装置响应用户的触摸而产生的处理信号以推断用户触摸触摸屏以激活在名义上激活的虚拟键的压力。
图4示出可用于基于针对在名义上激活的特定虚拟键来匹配预定行为特性与实际行为特性从而确定反应的表数据结构。
图5是示出确定针对特定的用户行为的反应的处理的例子的流程图。
图6A示出与时间域中的用户行为的“持续时间”对应的时间线。
图6B示出与图4所示的表类似的表数据结构,用以基于针对诸如图6A所示的“持续时间”的用户行来确定反应。
图7示出用于基于针对在名义上激活的虚拟键的组合的用户行为来确定反应的表结构。
图8是示出针对在名义上激活的虚拟键的组合针对特定用户行为来确定反应的处理的例子的流程图。
图9示出对名义上的虚拟键激活的可能反应是菜单的显示。
图10示出具有不是虚拟键的GUI项目的显示的例子。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图讨论多个例子和方面。但应理解,这里关于这些附图给出的详细说明仅出于解释性的目的而不是作为限制。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的示例性计算机系统50的框图。计算机系统50可对应于个人计算机系统,诸如台式计算机系统、膝上型计算机系统、平板计算机系统或手持式计算机系统。计算机系统还可对应于诸如蜂窝电话、PDA、专用媒体播放器和消费电子装置等的计算装置。
图1所示的示例性计算机系统50包含被配置为运行指令并执行与计算机系统50相关的操作的处理器56。例如,通过使用例如从存储器取回的指令,处理器56可控制计算系统50的部件之间的输入和输出数据的接收和操纵。可以在单个芯片、多个芯片或多个电气部件上实现处理器56。例如,对于处理器56可使用各种架构,包括专用或嵌入式处理器、单一用途处理器、控制器、ASIC等。
在大多数情况下,处理器56与操作系统一起操作以执行计算机代码并产生和使用数据。操作系统一般是公知的,因此不进行更详细的说明。作为例子,操作系统可对应于OS/2、DOS、Unix、Linux和Palm OS等。操作系统还可以是专用操作系统,诸如可被用于有限用途电器型计算装置的操作系统。操作系统、其它计算机代码和数据可驻留在可操作地与处理器56耦合的存储器块58内。存储器块58一般提供存储计算机系统50使用的计算机代码和数据的地方。作为例子,存储器块58可包含只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)和/或硬盘驱动器等。信息也可驻留在可拆卸存储介质上并在需要时被加载和安装到计算机系统50上。可拆卸存储介质例如包含CD-ROM、PC-CARD、存储卡、软盘、磁带和网络部件。
计算机系统50还包含可操作地与处理器56耦合的显示设备68。显示设备68可以是液晶显示器(LCD)(例如,有源矩阵和无源矩阵等)。作为替代方案,显示设备68可以是诸如单色显示器、彩色图形适配器(CGA)显示器、增强图形适配器(EGA)显示器、可变图形阵列(VGA)显示器、超级VGA显示器和阴极射线管(CRT)等的监视器。显示装置也可对应于等离子显示器或用电子墨水实现的显示器。
显示设备68一般被配置为显示图形用户界面(GUI)69,该GUI69在计算机系统的用户和在其上运行的操作系统或应用之间提供容易使用的界面。一般地说,GUI 69用图形图像代表程序、文件和操作选项。图形图像可包含窗口、栏、对话框、菜单、图标、按钮、光标、滚动条等。这些图像可按预定的布局排列,或者可动态产生以适合用户所采取的特定动作。在操作中,为了启动功能和与其相关的任务,用户可选择并激活各种图形图像。作为例子,用户可选择打开、关闭、最小化或最大化窗口的按钮,或选择启动特定程序的图标。GUI 69可另外或者另选地在显示设备68上为用户显示诸如非交互式文本和图形的信息。
计算机系统50还包含可操作地与处理器56耦合的输入设备70。输入设备70被配置为将来自外部世界的数据传送到计算机系统50中。输入设备70例如可被用于执行跟踪以及关于显示器68上的GUI 69进行选择。输入设备70还可被用于在计算机系统50中发出命令。输入设备70可包含被配置为接收来自用户触摸的输入并将该信息发送给处理器56的触摸感测装置。作为例子,触摸感测装置可与触控板或触摸屏对应。在许多情况下,触摸感测装置识别触摸以及触摸敏感表面上的触摸的位置和大小。触摸感测装置向处理器56报告这些触摸,并且处理器56根据其编程来解释这些触摸。例如,处理器56可根据特定的触摸启动任务。可以使用专用处理器以在本地处理触摸并减少对计算机系统的主处理器的需求。触摸感测装置可基于以下感测技术,这些感测技术包含但不限于:电容感测、电阻感测、表面声波感测、压力感测和/或光学感测等。此外,触摸感测装置可基于单点感测或多点感测。单点感测只能区分单个触摸,而多点感测能够区分同时发生的多个触摸。
输入设备70可以是位于显示器68上方或前方的触摸屏。触摸屏70可以与显示设备68整合在一起,或者它可以是单独的部件。触摸屏70具有优于诸如触控板、鼠标等的其它输入技术的几种优点。举例来说,触摸屏70位于显示器68前方,因此用户可直接操纵GUI 69。例如,用户可简单地将他们的手指放在要控制的对象上。在触控板中,不存在诸如这样的一对一关系。使用触控板,触控板一般被放置于不同平面中且远离显示器。例如,显示器一般位于垂直平面内,而触控板一般位于水平平面内。这使得其使用较不直观,因此当与触摸屏相比较时更难使用。除了作为触摸屏以外,输入设备70还可以是多点输入设备。多点输入设备具有优于常规的单点设备的优点,即它可区分多于一个的对象(手指)。单点设备只是不能区分多个物体。作为例子,在共同未决且共同受让的美国专利申请No.10/840862中更详细地示出和说明了可在这里使用的多点触摸屏,在此加入该专利申请作为参考。
计算机系统50还包含用于与一个或更多个I/O设备80耦合的能力。作为例子,I/O设备80可对应于键盘、打印机、扫描仪、照相机和/或扬声器等。I/O设备80可与计算机系统50整合在一起,或者它们可以是单独的部件(例如,外围设备)。在一些情况下,I/O设备80可通过有线连接(例如,电缆/端口)与计算机系统50连接。在其它情况下,I/O设备80可通过无线连接与计算机系统连接。作为例子,数据链路可对应于PS/2、USB、IR、RF或蓝牙等。
现在说明基于触摸屏的计算机内的特定处理,这里,处理实现应用的执行以及在计算机的触摸屏上提供显示。显示处理包含提供具有基于应用显示的特性以及关于虚拟输入设备的特性的复合显示。虚拟输入设备显示至少包含输入部分,用以接收相对于显示的输入设备的对触摸屏的适当触摸输入,用于使用户与虚拟输入设备进行交互。与虚拟输入设备进行的用户交互包含激活虚拟输入设备的多个部分以提供影响应用处理的用户输入。虚拟输入设备(即,计算机上用于实现虚拟输入设备的处理)处理用户交互,并基于该处理向应用提供相应的用户输入。
虚拟输入设备显示一般与对同虚拟输入设备的用户交互的虚拟输入设备处理高度相关。例如,如果虚拟输入设备是虚拟键盘,那么虚拟输入设备显示可包含典型的QWERTY键盘的键的图形表示,而对与虚拟键盘的用户交互的虚拟输入设备处理包含:确定用户激活了哪些虚拟键并向应用提供相应的输入(例如,字母和/或数字)。
现在转向图2,图2是示出本发明的宽泛方面的流程图。具体地说,图2的流程图宽泛地示出处理关于在多点感测装置的触摸屏上显示的虚拟输入设备的用户触摸行为以影响对用户的触摸的反应的方法。在步骤202中,在触摸屏上提供虚拟输入设备。该虚拟输入设备例如可以为虚拟QWERTY型键盘或具有虚拟键的其它输入设备。
在步骤204中,检测在名义上激活虚拟键的用户在多点感测装置上的触摸。检测用户的触摸可以是常规的。在步骤206中,确定用户的触摸的“行为”。一般通过由多点感测装置响应用户的触摸而产生的处理信号来确定该行为。行为例如可以处于空间域(即,用户在多点感测装置上触摸以在名义上激活虚拟键的位置)中或时间域(即,用户触摸多点感测装置以在名义上激活虚拟键的定时)中以及空间域和时间域的组合中。
在步骤208中,处理确定的行为和与在名义上激活的虚拟键相关的预定特性。在步骤210中,基于步骤208中的处理,确定对于在名义上激活的虚拟键的激活的反应。在本说明书的后面解释了预定特性的例子。但是,宽泛地说,虚拟键的预定特性是与用以在名义上激活该虚拟键的用户的触摸的特定行为或行为的范围有关的特性。
图3示出使用多点感测装置响应用户的触摸而产生的处理信号以推断用户触摸触摸屏以激活在名义上激活的虚拟键的压力。在压力信号不可从触摸屏直接得到或者用于补充可从触摸屏直接得到的压力信号的情况下,这种处理是有用的。区域302代表触摸屏上与特定的虚拟键对应的点。虽然区域302是正方形,但虚拟键不需要限于特定的形状。
区域306指示(在空间域中)用户触摸以在名义上激活区域302的虚拟键的、触摸屏上的点。类似地,区域304指示用户触摸以在名义上激活区域302的虚拟键的、触摸屏上的点。例如,可以从多点感测装置响应用户的触摸而产生的处理信号确定触摸了哪些点。
由于区域304比区域306包含更多的点,因此与区域304对应的触摸具有比与区域306对应的触摸大的压力。此外,可以从与用户的触摸对应的面积推断在名义上激活虚拟键的实际压力的指示。
虽然图3示出区域304和306内的所有点均落在区域302内,但情况不必一定如此。此外,虽然图3示出使用空间域中的用户行为来推断在名义上激活虚拟键的压力,但是,在一些例子中,可使用时间域中的用户行为来推断在名义上激活虚拟键的压力。在其它例子中,可以使用空间域和时间域中的用户行为的组合来推断在名义上激活虚拟键的压力。
已说明了用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活虚拟键的行为的一个特定的例子,现在说明处理用户在名义上激活虚拟键的确定行为和在名义上激活的虚拟键的预定特性的处理的一个例子。
参照图4,该图示出每行用于多个虚拟键中的不同的一个虚拟键的表。例如,行408用于一个虚拟键,行410用于另一虚拟键,行412用于又一虚拟键。列402包含虚拟键的指示。列404包含虚拟键的预定的行为特性的指示。
在后面更详细地讨论预定的行为特性。宽泛地说,预定的行为特性是空间域、时间域或这两者中的用户行为的预定值(例如,特定的值或值域)。使用图3例子,在列404中指示的预定行为特性例如可包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活在列402中指示的虚拟键的推断压力的特定值。作为另一例子,在列404中指示的预定特性可包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活在列402中指示的虚拟键的推断压力的值域。
列406包含与在列404中指示的预定特性对应的反应的指示。即,在列406中指示的各个反应是当确定的行为与列404中的特定的预定行为特性匹配时采取(或者,在一些情况下,不采取)的动作。
现在参照图5中的流程图说明用于确定针对特定的用户行为的反应的处理的例子。为了便于说明,关于图4的表并关于特定的在名义上激活的键来讨论图5例子的操作,但图5流程图所示的方法不限于针对图4所示的形式的数据结构而进行使用。
现在转向图5,在步骤502中,访问用于(列402中的)特定的在名义上激活的虚拟键的在列404中的可能的预定行为特性。例如,可以在行410和列402相交的条目中指示特定的在名义上激活的键。被访问的可能的预定行为特性于是会在矩形414内。
在步骤504中,将确定的行为(即,空间和/或时间域中的用户触摸行为)与在列404中指示的可能的预定行为特性进行匹配。然后,在步骤506中,基于该匹配,确定来自列406的反应。使用行410的例子,确定的反应将是在矩形416内指示的反应中的一个。
现在参照图6A和图6B更详细地讨论例如在图4的表的列404中指示的预定行为特性和相应的确定反应可以是什么。在图6A和图6B的例子中,预定行为特性仅在时间域内,并且特别地,是用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活虚拟键的持续时间(这里为持续时间的范围)。
图6A示出持续时间从左到右增加的时间线650。从左到右在时间线上指出各种持续时间,包含“z”、“x”和“y”。附图标记651表示小于“z”的持续时间。附图标记652表示大于等于“z”且小于“x”的持续时间。附图标记654表示大于等于“x”且小于“y”的持续时间。最后,附图标记656表示大于等于“y”的持续时间。
图6B示出与在图4中示出的表类似的表的一部分。列602包含用于一个特定的在名义上激活的虚拟键的条目。列604包含用于预定行为特性的条目。在图6B的例子中,列604包含用于在图6A的时间线650上表示的持续时间651、652、654和656的条目。
如参照图5讨论的那样,将预定行为特性与在名义上激活虚拟键的确定的用户触摸行为相匹配。基于该匹配,确定反应。图6B的表部分的列606包含这些反应的指示。
列606中的反应指示由附图标记681、682、684和686指示;与由附图标记651、652、654和656指示的预定行为特性对应。参照列606中的特定反应指示,反应指示681指示在名义上激活的虚拟键事实上不被激活。即,触摸的持续时间太短以至于不能指示虚拟键的实际激活。类似地,反应指示686指示在名义上激活的虚拟键实际上不被激活。在这种情况下,触摸的持续时间太长,这可能是与静止的手指或手部对应,而不是与有意的激活对应。
剩余的反应指示是反应指示682和反应指示684。反应指示682指示在名义上激活的键要被实际激活一次。反应指示684指示在名义上激活的键要以根据触摸的持续时间重复实际激活的次数被实际激活多次。
图6A和图6B示出基于时间域中的确定的用户行为来确定反应的简单例子。如上面讨论的那样,可基于空间域中的确定行为以及基于空间域和时间域中的确定行为的组合来确定反应。可用于确定反应的确定行为的数量和范围仅在一定程度上受可辨别或推断出的行为特性的限制。
上面参照图3讨论了空间域中的确定行为,即推断的压力。空间域中的其它可能的行为例如包含相对于邻近的在名义上激活的虚拟键的触摸面积的这种虚拟键的触摸面积(即,不存在用户手指在触摸虚拟键时的“直接敲击”)。与空间域和时间域组合的可能行为在一些情况下被称为“手势”。例如,参见在2004年7月30日提交的发明名称为“GESTURES FOR TOUCH SENSITIVE INPUT DEVICES”的共同未决的美国专利申请No.10/903964。
此外,可能的反应也多少是无限的。特别地,在可能的反应是共同的可能反应(诸如,单一的激活或重复的激活)的情况下,反应指示条目可以是到这种共同的可能反应的储存库的链接。
在一些例子中,用户例如可通过使用菜单或其它实用程序来配置可能的反应和/或预定的行为特性。在一些例子中,可基于用户的进行中的确定行为自动和动态地配置可能的反应和/或预定的行为特性。
图9示出可能的反应是菜单902的显示。例如,用户可用特定的行为激活“e”虚拟键906,并且反应包含菜单902的显示。菜单902在图9的图例中包含与不同形式的“e”对应的附加虚拟键(例如,904a和904b)。在一些例子中,虽然菜单902的虚拟键仍然存在并且能够被激活,但基于特定的行为绕过菜单902的实际显示。例如,用户可用向着希望被激活的附加虚拟键904以“刷(bursh)”手势在名义上激活“e”虚拟键906。用户会基于例如虚拟键盘的先前的使用操作而获知附加虚拟键904的位置。不显示菜单902,而是提供用于激活附加虚拟键904的快捷方式。
现在参照图7和图8讨论在名义上激活虚拟键的组合的例子。该例子在许多方面与上面参照图5以及图6A和图6B讨论的例子类似。首先参照图7,列702包含用于在名义上激活的虚拟键的组合的条目。例如,列702中的一个这种条目可以用于与“a”对应的虚拟键和与“SHIFT”对应的虚拟键的组合。
在名义上激活的键的各单个的可能组合不需要在列702中具有单独的条目。在列704中的预定行为特性和列706中的可能反应的组合对于在名义上激活的虚拟键的多个组合具有共同的特性的情况下,列704和/或列706中的条目可以为预定行为特性的多个组合所共用,并在必要时被参数化以容纳与在名义上激活的虚拟键的组合中的特定组合相关的独特属性。
一般地,虚拟键的许多组合没有相应的条目,这些组合一般源自无意地触摸了虚拟键的组合。对于没有相应的条目的组合,对该组合将没有反应。作为另一例子,这些组合可具有相应的条目,并且反应会是“无反应”或向用户产生警报(例如,“蜂鸣声”或其它警报)的反应。
参照图8,流程图800示出用于确定关于在名义上激活的虚拟键的组合针对特定用户行为的反应的处理的例子。虽然参照图7所示的数据结构说明图8处理的操作,但不因此受到限制。
在步骤802中,访问用于(列702中的)在名义上激活的虚拟键的特定组合的、列704中的可能的预定行为特性。在步骤804中,将确定的行为(即,空间和/或时间域中的用户触摸行为)与在列704中指示的可能的预定行为特性进行匹配。然后,在步骤806中,基于该匹配,确定来自列706的反应。
图10示出具有不是虚拟键盘的虚拟键的虚拟GUI项目的显示的例子。上面用虚拟键盘的虚拟键的特定例子讨论的一般概念一般适用于虚拟GUI项目。例如,与激活“删除”虚拟GUI项目1006相比,激活“保持”虚拟GUI项目1004可能需要较小的压力和/或较短的持续时间的触摸(例如,通过手指1002)。另外,处理可使得一些GUI项目(例如,诸如“删除”GUI项目)的激活需要附加的行为,诸如“摆动”或其它手势,该附加的行为用作意图激活该GUI项目的附加确认。
在一些例子中,仅在诸如组合中的一个虚拟键被释放的特定条件下,才“登记”该组合。
在一些例子中,提供“预览”功能。因此,例如,在虚拟GUI项目的激活被提交之前,显示对激活的指示。例如,在虚拟GUI项目特别小的情况下,这一点可能特别有用。图11示出手指1102,其触摸可激活“w”虚拟键或“e”虚拟键。在作为键入的文本1110提交“e”虚拟键激活之前,临时覆盖1108显示“e”虚拟键要被激活的指示。例如,在特定的虚拟键被指示为要被激活的同时抬起手指1102可导致该特定的虚拟键被实际激活。在图11的例子中,如果不是要激活“e”虚拟键,那么手指1102可在触摸屏上移动(例如,不抬起它)以激活不同的虚拟键。
可以单独地或以各种组合使用上述的本发明的各个方面、特征、实施例或实现。优选通过软件实现,但也可以以硬件或硬件和软件的组合实现本发明。本发明也可实施为计算机可读介质上的计算机可读代码。计算机可读介质是可存储之后可被计算机系统读取的数据的任何数据存储设备。计算机可读介质的例子包含只读存储器、随机存取存储器、CD-ROM、DVD、磁带、光学数据存储设备和载波。计算机可读介质也可分布在网络耦合的计算机系统上,使得以分布式方式存储和执行计算机可读代码。
本发明有大量的优点。不同的实施例或实现可以(但不需要)产生公开的优点中的一个或更多个。如上面阐述的那样,本发明的一个优点在于,触摸屏计算机如何对用户触摸设置在触摸屏上的虚拟键盘进行反应可基于对于用户触摸触摸屏的行为的深入理解。本发明的另一优点在于,触摸屏计算机如何对用户的触摸进行反应可以是高度可配置的。
从书面的说明书可很明显地看到本发明的许多特征和优点,因此,应由所附权利要求覆盖本发明的所有这些特征和优点。此外,由于本领域技术人员容易想到大量的修改和改变,因此本发明不应限于示出和说明的确切的结构和操作。由此,所有适当的修改和等同物均可被视为落在本发明的范围内。

Claims (54)

1.一种响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的方法,该触摸屏计算机执行应用,所述方法包括:
在触摸屏上提供包含多个虚拟图形用户界面项目的虚拟输入设备;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目,并针对所述触摸来确定用户的行为;
对所述确定的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预定特性进行处理;和
至少部分基于所述处理步骤的结果,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的压力。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中:
确定压力的步骤包含处理确定的用户触摸到触摸屏的总面积。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,还包括:
基于对与用户触摸到触摸屏的点数对应的数据进行处理来确定用户触摸到触摸屏的总面积。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中:
确定压力的步骤包含处理由触摸屏指示的压力数据。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中:
确定压力的步骤包含处理由触摸屏指示的压力数据和与用户触摸到触摸屏的点数对应的数据的组合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含针对虚拟图形用户界面项目的特定手势。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中:
预定特性包含如何对持续时间进行反应的特性。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中:
预定特性包含显示与在名义上激活的虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预览指示。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,还包括:
结合显示预览指示,确定用户是否已针对所述触摸屏作出特定手势,以确定是否实际激活名义上激活的虚拟图形用户界面项目。
12.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,如何对持续时间进行反应包含是否将用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间视为所述虚拟图形用户界面项目的多个单独重复的激活。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中:
将用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间视为所述至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的多个单独重复的激活包含:确定用于基于持续时间的函数来处理持续时间的特定数量的单独激活。
14.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
反应包含将用户触摸触摸屏视为不实际激活所述至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中:
确定的行为是持续时间,并且持续时间不在适于实际激活在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间的预定特性内。
16.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中:
确定反应的步骤包含:使得将在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目视为初始激活的虚拟图形用户界面项目,并使得在触摸屏上形成多个新的虚拟图形用户界面项目。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,还包括:
使虚拟图形用户界面项目板显示被修改为显示与在触摸屏上形成的新的虚拟图形用户界面项目对应的指示。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中:
所述多个新的虚拟图形用户界面项目是激活的虚拟图形用户界面项目的子菜单。
19.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中:
所述虚拟图形用户界面项目是第一虚拟图形用户界面项目;并且
该方法还包括检测用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活在触摸屏上形成的新的虚拟图形用户界面项目中的一个。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中:
虚拟图形用户界面项目是虚拟键盘的虚拟键;
用户的行为是用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活第一虚拟键和用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活新的虚拟键中的所述一个之间的持续时间;并且
如果该持续时间小于预定的时间,那么省略使虚拟键盘显示被修改为显示与新的虚拟键对应的指示的步骤。
21.一种其上有形地实现有计算机程序的计算机可读介质,该计算机程序包含用于在触摸屏计算机执行应用的同时响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的步骤,所述计算机程序的这些步骤包括:
在触摸屏上提供包含多个虚拟图形用户界面项目的虚拟输入设备;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目,并针对所述触摸来确定用户的行为;
对所述确定的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预定特性进行处理;和
至少部分基于所述处理步骤的结果,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
22.根据权利要求19所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的压力。
23.根据权利要求22所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
确定压力的步骤包含处理确定的用户触摸到触摸屏的总面积。
24.根据权利要求23所述的计算机可读介质,该计算机程序还包含以下步骤:
基于对与用户触摸到触摸屏的点数对应的数据进行处理来确定用户触摸到触摸屏的总面积。
25.根据权利要求21所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间。
26.根据权利要求25所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
预定特性包含如何对持续时间进行反应的特性。
27.根据权利要求26所述的计算机可读介质,其中,如何对持续时间进行反应包含是否将用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间视为所述虚拟图形用户界面项目的多个单独重复的激活。
28.根据权利要求27所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
将用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间视为所述至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的多个单独重复的激活包含:确定用于基于持续时间的函数来处理持续时间的特定数量的单独激活。
29.根据权利要求21所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
反应包含将用户触摸触摸屏视为不实际激活所述至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目。
30.根据权利要求27所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
确定的行为是持续时间,并且持续时间不在适于实际激活在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间的预定特性内。
31.根据权利要求21所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
确定反应的步骤包含:使得将在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目视为初始激活的虚拟图形用户界面项目,并使得在触摸屏上形成多个新的虚拟图形用户界面项目。
32.根据权利要求29所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
虚拟图形用户界面项目是虚拟键盘的虚拟键;并且
所述计算机程序还包括以下步骤:使虚拟键盘显示被修改为显示与在触摸屏上形成的新的虚拟键对应的指示。
33.根据权利要求31所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
所述多个新的虚拟键是激活的虚拟键的子菜单。
34.根据权利要求32所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
所述虚拟键是第一虚拟键;并且
所述计算机程序还包括以下步骤:检测用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活在触摸屏上形成的新的虚拟键中的一个。
35.根据权利要求34所述的计算机可读介质,其中:
用户的行为是用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活第一虚拟键和用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活新的虚拟键中的所述一个之间的持续时间;并且
如果该持续时间小于预定的时间,那么省略使虚拟键盘显示被修改为显示与新的虚拟键对应的指示的步骤。
36.一种至少部分响应用户而操作的触摸屏计算机,该触摸屏计算机执行包括以下步骤的应用:
在触摸屏上提供包含多个虚拟图形用户界面项目的虚拟输入设备;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目,并针对所述触摸来确定用户的行为;
对所述确定的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预定特性进行处理;和
至少部分基于所述处理步骤的结果,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
37.根据权利要求36所述的触摸屏计算机,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的压力。
38.根据权利要求37所述的计算机,其中:
预定特性包含如何对压力进行反应的特性。
39.根据权利要求36所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间。
40.根据权利要求39所述的方法,其中:
预定特性包含如何对持续时间进行反应的特性。
41.一种响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的方法,该触摸屏计算机执行应用,所述方法包括:
在触摸屏上提供包含多个虚拟键的虚拟键盘;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟键,并针对所述触摸来确定用户的行为;
对所述确定的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟键相关的预定特性进行处理;和
至少部分基于所述处理步骤的结果,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
42.根据权利要求41所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的压力。
43.根据权利要求42所述的方法,其中:
预定特性包含如何对压力进行反应的特性。
44.根据权利要求40所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间。
45.根据权利要求44所述的方法,其中:
预定特性包含如何对持续时间进行反应的特性。
46.一种其上有形地实现有计算机程序的计算机可读介质,该计算机程序包含用于在触摸屏计算机执行应用的同时响应用户而操作触摸屏计算机的步骤,所述计算机程序的这些步骤包括:
在触摸屏上提供包含多个虚拟键的虚拟键盘;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟键,并针对所述触摸来确定用户的行为;
对所述确定的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟键相关的预定特性进行处理;和
至少部分基于所述处理步骤的结果,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
47.根据权利要求46所述的方法,其中,
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的压力。
48.根据权利要求47所述的方法,其中,
预定特性包含如何对压力进行反应的特性。
49.根据权利要求46所述的方法,其中,
用户的行为包含用户触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目的持续时间。
50.根据权利要求49所述的方法,其中,
预定特性包含如何对持续时间进行反应的特性。
51.一种操作触摸屏计算机的方法,该触摸屏计算机执行应用,所述方法包括:
在触摸屏上显示虚拟输入设备;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活虚拟输入设备的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目;和
至少部分基于用户的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预定特性,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
52.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为是用户触摸触摸屏的特性。
53.一种包含用于操作触摸屏计算机的程序的计算机可读介质,该触摸屏计算机执行应用,所述用于操作触摸屏计算机的程序包括:
在触摸屏上显示虚拟输入设备;
检测到用户已触摸触摸屏以在名义上激活虚拟输入设备的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目;和
至少部分基于用户的行为和与所述在名义上激活的至少一个虚拟图形用户界面项目相关的预定特性,确定对所述名义上的激活的反应。
54.根据权利要求53所述的方法,其中:
用户的行为是用户触摸触摸屏的特性。
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US10338789B2 (en) 2019-07-02
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