CN102053911A - Automated testing method and system based on Android and mobile terminal - Google Patents
Automated testing method and system based on Android and mobile terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of communications and provides an automated testing method and system based on Android and a mobile terminal. The invention has the following beneficial effects: a coordinate of at least an interface element of the tested program is firstly obtained, a simulated operation instruction can be still sent to some interface element of the tested program according to the coordinate of the interface element even though a system and the tested program do not belong to the same process so as to carry out out-of-process automated testing, thus the coverage of testing of the tested program is wider; white box testing is not needed for the automated testing technology, thus effectively ensuring security of program codes; and in addition, the man-machine interaction function is completely simulated by adopting the technology, thus reducing the program development cycle, reducing the human capital for test development and improving the testing efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of automated testing method, system and portable terminal based on Android.
Background technology
The Android platform is the mobile terminal operating system of increasing income based on Linux of Google (Google) company exploitation.It comprises the required whole softwares of portable terminal work such as operating system, user interface and application program.Google company is by forming profound partnership relation with each side such as operator, equipment manufacturers, developers, wishes to form an open ecosystem by setting up standardization, open mobile terminal software platform in mobile industry.But present still new field of the test of Android platform, online a lot of data all is based on Junit (java unit testing) and Instrumentation (instrument) automated test frame, they are a kind of powerful automated test frames that Google provides, can control all life cycles of tested program, also provide to tested program and send out Key/touch event functions such as (simulating keyboards/touch-control incident).
Yet Junit and Instrument automated test frame belong to white-box testing, and all codes of tested program must be arranged, and this code safety to each company is a very big challenge.Another important shortcoming of Instrument is to test by striding course, because Instrument is by self is injected tested program, therefore itself and tested program must be in same processes, all striding courses mutual it can not control, but a lot of operations commonly used all are striding courses on the portable terminal, and this just causes the coverage rate of Instrument test narrow.And that traditional manual testing has a coverage rate is narrow, and the cycle is long, defectives such as cost of labor height.
In summary, the measuring technology of existing Android platform obviously exists inconvenience and defective, so be necessary to be improved on reality is used.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automated testing method, system and portable terminal based on Android, it can realize the automatic test of striding course in the Android platform, and does not need white-box testing.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of automated testing method based on Android, described method comprises the steps:
Obtain the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program;
According to the coordinate of described interface element, test at least one interface element transmission simulated operation instruction of described tested program.
According to automated testing method of the present invention, the step of the coordinate of the described at least one interface element that obtains tested program comprises:
By send the DUMP order to described tested program, obtain the attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
From the attribute of described interface element, obtain the coordinate of described interface element.
According to automated testing method of the present invention, described simulated operation instruction is simulating keyboard/touch-control incident.
According to automated testing method of the present invention, described at least one interface element to tested program also comprises after sending the step that the simulated operation instruction tests:
Obtain the test result attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
Test result according to the described tested program of test result attributive analysis of described interface element.
The present invention also provides a kind of automatization test system based on Android, and described system comprises:
The attribute acquisition module is used to obtain the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program;
Test module is used for the coordinate according to described interface element, tests at least one interface element transmission simulated operation instruction of described tested program.
According to automatization test system of the present invention, described attribute acquisition module is used for by send the DUMP order to described tested program, obtain the attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program, and from the attribute of described interface element, obtain the coordinate of described interface element.
According to automatization test system of the present invention, described simulated operation instruction is simulating keyboard/touch-control incident.
According to automatization test system of the present invention, described test module after at least one interface element of described tested program sends the simulated operation instruction,
Described attribute acquisition module also is used to obtain the test result attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
Described test module also is used for the test result attribute according to described interface element, analyzes the test result of described tested program.
According to automatization test system of the present invention, described automatization test system is tested separately or is combined with another test macro and tests.
The present invention also provides a kind of portable terminal that comprises described automatization test system.
The present invention at first obtains the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program, preferably by send the DUMP order to tested program, obtain this tested program at least one interface element various attributes so that obtain its coordinate; So, even if do not belong to same process, still can send simulated operation instruction to certain interface element of tested program according to the coordinate of this interface element with this tested program, carrying out the automatic test of striding course, so the coverage rate of its test is wider; And automatization testing technique of the present invention does not belong to white-box testing, therefore can effectively guarantee the security of program code; In addition, the present invention utilizes technology to simulate human-computer interaction function fully, can satisfy 90% above test exemple automation, thereby reduces the program development cycle, reduces the human capital input of test development, improves testing efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the automatization test system of Android;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the automated testing method of Android;
Fig. 3 is the preferred flow charts that the present invention is based on the automated testing method of Android;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention and instrument automated test frame share; And
Fig. 5 is the present invention carries out automatic test fully with the Dump technology a schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the automatization test system structure based on Android provided by the invention, and described system 10 is applied in the portable terminal 100, is used for the tested program 20 of portable terminal 100 is carried out automatic test.Described system 10 can be the software unit that is built in portable terminal 100, hardware cell or software and hardware combining unit; Portable terminal 100 can be mobile phone, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant, personal digital assistant) etc.Described automatization test system 10 mainly comprises attribute acquisition module 11 and test module 12, wherein:
Attribute acquisition module 11 is used to obtain the coordinate of at least one interface element (UI element) of tested program 20.Arbitrary interface of tested program 20 (UI, User Interface) includes some interface elements, and for example screen, button etc. need to obtain the coordinate of the interface element of operation can locate this interface element.Preferably, attribute acquisition module 11 is by sending the DUMP order to tested program 20, obtain the attribute of at least one interface element of tested program 20, and obtain the coordinate of interface element from the attribute of interface element, this coordinate can be the coordinate range on the whole border of interface element.
Better, test module 12 is after at least one interface element of tested program 20 sends the simulated operation instruction, and attribute acquisition module 11 also is used to obtain the test result attribute of at least one interface element of tested program 20; 12 test result attributes of test module according to interface element, the test result of analysis tested program 20.
The process WindowManagerService of Android platform provides a kind of ViewServer service, client can be 4939 local socket (socket) transmission DUMP order to port, the DUMP order is used to obtain the current framework that all interface elements of focus application are arranged, and comprises the various property values of interface element.ViewServer then can be by these port 4939 loopback tested program, 20 current actives (active) the attribute of all interface elements at interface (activity), wherein just comprise coordinate, position, length and width, size of interface element or the like, the instrument that the carries hierarchyViewer of Android realizes by this principle.Attribute acquisition module 11 obtains the coordinate of interface element from the attribute of interface element, so just for sending touchevent, the instruction of simulated operations such as key event provides foundation, such as clicking certain button, send out a mouse event and to the coordinate of this interface element, just can test.
Fig. 2 shows the flow process of the automated testing method based on Android provided by the invention, and it can realize that described method comprises that mainly step has by automatization test system 10 as shown in Figure 1:
Step S201 obtains the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program 20, and this step is realized by attribute acquisition module 11.Preferably,, obtain the various attributes of at least one interface element of tested program 20, and from the attribute of interface element, obtain the coordinate of interface element by sending the DUMP order to tested program 20.
Step S202 according to the coordinate of interface element, tests at least one interface element transmission simulated operation instruction of tested program 20, and this step is realized by test module 12.This simulated operation instruction is preferably simulating keyboard/touch-control incident.
Fig. 3 shows the preferred flow of the automated testing method based on Android provided by the invention, and it realizes that by automatization test system 10 as shown in Figure 1 described method comprises that step is as follows:
Step S301 by sending the DUMP order to tested program 20, obtains the attribute of at least one interface element of tested program 20, and this step is realized by attribute acquisition module 11.
Step S302, the coordinate of acquisition interface element from the attribute of interface element, this step is also realized by attribute acquisition module 11.Interface element can have various attribute, and this step is obtained the coordinate of interface element from various attributes.
Step S303 according to the coordinate of interface element, tests at least one interface element transmission simulating keyboard/touch-control incident of tested program 20, and this step is realized by test module 12.Because the coordinate that interface element is arranged is as foundation, even also can realize the striding course test to the tested program 20 that does not belong to same process.
Step S304 obtains the test result attribute of at least one interface element of tested program 20, and this step is realized by attribute acquisition module 11.Promptly after sending simulating keyboard/touch-control incident test, obtain the resultant content of tested program 20 related interfaces elements.
Step S305, according to the test result of the test result attributive analysis tested program 20 of interface element, this step is realized by test module 12.If the test result attribute of this interface element is then reported the test run success identical with expection, otherwise report test run mistake.
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet that the present invention and instrument automated test frame share, present embodiment is used for solving Android platform instrument instrument can not striding course, can not visit the problems such as interface element on the dialog box (dialog), it comprises that mainly module has:
UIDumpLibrary: a java storehouse, be responsible for communicating by letter, in the in-process communication of Instrument with UIDumpSerview.
UIDumpService: a service with system signature, be responsible for to send the attribute that Dump orders to WindowManagerServier and accepts each interface element that dump comes out, the reason of introducing it is because do Dump action need system signature, but whether each instrument has system signature.
The standard instrument of Instrument:Android platform uses.
A kernel service of WindowManagerService:Android platform, it is responsible for accepting and handles the Dump order.
The typical process of present embodiment is: when instrument Instrument needs striding course or can not obtain to need the handle of operation interface by direct method, can send the Dump order by UIDumpLibrary, UIDumpLibrary is transmitted to UIDumpService by AIDL interface (AndRoid interface description language), and UIDumpService issues WindowManagerService by socket again.In Android, adopt the AIDL interface to realize the purpose of the inner communication process of two processes.WindowManagerService handles Dump order back and returns to Instrument:WindowManagerService-＞UIDumpService-＞UIDumpLibrary-＞Instrument by following order.
When Instrument received the attribute information of a certain interface element, with the key of simulation, the touch incident sent to the interface element that needs operation like this, allowed test walk downward along the set step of designing program.
Fig. 5 is the present invention carries out automatic test fully with the Dump technology a schematic flow sheet, and it comprises that mainly module has:
UIDumpProgram: the executable program of a java, can resolve and move test case.
UIDumpLibrary: a java storehouse has encapsulated the socket communication interface with WindowManagerService; Be pointed out that the function of UIDumpLibrary can be placed directly in the UIDumpProgram, therefore can delete UIDumpLibrary.
A kernel service of WindowManagerService:Android platform, it is responsible for accepting and handles the Dump order.
Typical process is: before operation, a user-defined test case script is arranged earlier, and by the mode configuration testing step of script, greatly aspect test case exploitation.Following is a test computer example:
Bag name/acitivity the name of Target package:## tested program
com.android.calculator2/.Calculator
Step1: // step 1, click the button that id is digit3 successively, id is the button of plus,
//id is that button and the id of digit5 is the button of equal
Click?id/digit3；click?id/plus；click?id/digit5；click?id/equal
Result: the result of // definition first step
Id/display=" 8 " //id is that the content of the view of display is character string " 8 "
Step2: // step 1 is clicked the button into div successively, and transmission key code is 2 key incident
// and click to be the button of equal successively
Click?id/div；send?key?2；click?id/equal；
Result: the result of // definition step 2
Id/display=" 4 " //id is that the content of the view of display is character string " 4 "
Can resolve and the script above the operation after the UIDumpProgram operation, operational scheme is as follows:
1) according to Target Package the tested program pull-up is come.
2) it is before doing the first step, the interface of the dump of elder generation current active, finding id is digit3, plus, the coordinate of digit5, method injectPointerEvent by IWindowManager and method injectKeyEvent () send simulating keyboard/touch-control incident to tested program;
3) interface of dump current active again after the first step is finished, whether the content of finding out id and be the view of display is 8, the content of this view is exactly the test result attribute of this interface element of display, if then move next step, otherwise report run-time error and termination routine;
4) did before second step, the interface of same first dump current active, finding id is div, the coordinate of equal, and method injectPointerEvent by IWindowManager and method injectKeyEvent () send simulating keyboard/touch-control incident to tested program;
5) second step finish after the interface of dump current active again, whether the content of finding out id and be the view of display is 4, the content of this view is exactly the test result attribute of this interface element of display, if then report the test run success, otherwise the report run-time error.
6) last termination routine.
In sum, the present invention at first obtains the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program, preferably by send the DUMP order to tested program, obtain this tested program at least one interface element various attributes so that obtain its coordinate; So, even if do not belong to same process, still can send simulated operation instruction to certain interface element of tested program according to the coordinate of this interface element with this tested program, carrying out the automatic test of striding course, so the coverage rate of its test is wider; And automatization testing technique of the present invention does not belong to white-box testing, therefore can effectively guarantee the security of program code; In addition, the present invention utilizes technology to simulate human-computer interaction function fully, can satisfy 90% above test exemple automation, thereby reduces the program development cycle, reduces the human capital input of test development, improves testing efficiency.The present invention can be applied to smoke test, system testing and functional test etc.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and distortion according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection domain of the appended claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the automated testing method based on Android is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Obtain the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program;
According to the coordinate of described interface element, test at least one interface element transmission simulated operation instruction of described tested program.
2. automated testing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of the coordinate of the described at least one interface element that obtains tested program comprises:
By send the DUMP order to described tested program, obtain the attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
From the attribute of described interface element, obtain the coordinate of described interface element.
3. automated testing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described simulated operation instruction is simulating keyboard/touch-control incident.
4. according to each described automated testing method of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that described at least one interface element to tested program also comprises after sending the step that the simulated operation instruction tests:
Obtain the test result attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
Test result according to the described tested program of test result attributive analysis of described interface element.
5. the automatization test system based on Android is characterized in that, described system comprises:
The attribute acquisition module is used to obtain the coordinate of at least one interface element of tested program;
Test module is used for the coordinate according to described interface element, tests at least one interface element transmission simulated operation instruction of described tested program.
6. automatization test system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described attribute acquisition module is used for by send the DUMP order to described tested program, obtain the attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program, and from the attribute of described interface element, obtain the coordinate of described interface element.
7. automatization test system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described simulated operation instruction is simulating keyboard/touch-control incident.
8. automatization test system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described test module after at least one interface element of described tested program sends the simulated operation instruction,
Described attribute acquisition module also is used to obtain the test result attribute of at least one interface element of described tested program;
Described test module also is used for the test result attribute according to described interface element, analyzes the test result of described tested program.
9. automatization test system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described automatization test system is tested separately or combined with another test macro and tests.
10. one kind comprises the portable terminal as claim 5～9 automatization test system as described in each.
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