CN102415204A - 多模式手持无线设备 - Google Patents

多模式手持无线设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102415204A
CN102415204A CN2009801591133A CN200980159113A CN102415204A CN 102415204 A CN102415204 A CN 102415204A CN 2009801591133 A CN2009801591133 A CN 2009801591133A CN 200980159113 A CN200980159113 A CN 200980159113A CN 102415204 A CN102415204 A CN 102415204A
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Prior art keywords
pattern
equipment
user
button
information
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CN102415204B (zh
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B·费伦
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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    • H04M2250/52Details of telephonic subscriber devices including functional features of a camera

Abstract

本发明的各个实施例涉及一种多功能手持用户设备,该多功能手持用户设备可以具有针对用户生活的不同领域的多个可选择的操作模式,每个模式具有其自己的数据库、应用、偏好、操作约束和访问限制。可以提供各种机制来在模式之间进行切换。在每个模式中,可以使用场景感知和情况感知来获得额外信息或执行未被用户直接请求的额外功能。

Description

多模式手持无线设备
背景技术
随着无线行业的发展,具有不同能力的不同类型的手持设备被用于不同的目的。蜂窝电话允许口头通信和文本消息传送(texting),个人数据助理允许用户组织他/她的日程表并访问电子邮件,音乐播放器提供便携式的音乐享受,上网本(netbook)计算机能够实现完全的因特网访问,等等。虽然已经出现了某种融合,但是一般的用户仍然必须随身携带多个设备以满足他/她的需要。此外,这些设备都不是场景(context)感知的,换言之,由于设备没有感知到用户的环境,所以设备不能适应该环境。另外,用户可能希望在他/她的生活的不同领域(即,工作、私人、家庭、旅行等)中使用相同的设备,其中在每个领域中具有对诸如安全级别、可用功能、联系人信息等的事物的不同的要求。同样地,由于当前设备不能在用户生活的不同领域之间进行区分,所以当前设备不能满足这一需求。
附图说明
通过参考用于解释本发明实施例的下面的描述以及附图,可以理解本发明的一些实施例。在附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明实施例的多功能手持用户设备。
图2A-图2D示出了根据本发明的各个实施例不同的模式可以如何访问不同的数据、功能和特征。
图3示出了根据设备的实施例将按钮按压转换成各种操作的方法的流程图。
图4示出了根据本发明实施例针对多个操作模式输入数据的方法的流程图。
图5示出了根据本发明实施例在模式之间传递数据的方法的流程图。
图6示出了根据本发明实施例使用场景感知和情况感知两者来触发动作的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
在下面的描述中,阐述了大量的具体细节。然而,应当理解的是,可以在不具有这些具体细节的情况下实施本发明的实施例。在其它实例中,为了不模糊对该描述的理解,没有详细地示出公知的电路、结构和技术。
提及“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例性实施例”、“各种实施例”等是指示如此描述的本发明实施例可以包括特定的特征、结构或特性,但并不是每个实施例都必须包括该特定的特征、结构或特性。此外,一些实施例可以具有针对其它实施例描述的特征中的一些、全部或不具有这些特征中的任何一个。
在下面的描述和权利要求中,可以使用术语“耦合的”和“连接的”以及它们的衍生词。应当理解的是,这些术语并不旨在作为彼此的同义词。相反,在特定的实施例中,“连接的”用于指示两个或更多个元件是彼此直接物理或电接触的。“耦合的”用于指示两个或更多个元件彼此协作或交互,但是它们可以是直接物理或电接触的或者可以不是直接物理或电接触的。
除非另外规定,否则,如权利要求中使用的,使用序数形容词“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等来描述公共元件只是指示正在提及的相同元件的不同实例,其并不旨在暗示如此描述的元件必须按照给定的顺序(无论以时间、空间、等级或以任何其它方式)。
可以以硬件、固件和软件中的一种或它们的任意组合来实现本发明的各个实施例。也可以将本发明实现为包含在计算机可读介质内或包含在计算机可读介质上的指令,这些指令可以由一个或多个处理器读取并执行,以使本文所描述的操作能够执行。计算机可读介质可以包括用于以一个或多个计算机可读的形式来存储信息的任何机制。例如,计算机可读介质可以包括有形的存储介质,例如但不限于:只读存储器(ROM);随机存取存储器(RAM);磁盘存储介质;光存储介质;闪存设备等。
许多人参与倾向于形成自然群(natural cluster)的各种活动。例如,可以根据工作、家庭和私人活动聚集职业人的生活。可以根据学校、家庭和朋友聚集青少年的生活。可以根据财政、家庭和健康聚集退休人员的生活。每个活动群可以具有与其它群有些不同的其自己的规则、行为、约束和属性。在其生活的全部领域中使用单个设备的人通常发现其生活的不同领域彼此干扰,其后果便是存在社交困窘甚至法律损害的可能。随着技术在跟进我们的日常活动方面变成越来越重要的工具,愈加期望这种工具使其自身适应人的生活的这些不同领域,以避免或至少减少这些后果。
例如,针对人的生活的每个这种领域,设备可以在不同的“模式”中操作。虽然设备可以提供任意可行数量的这种模式,其与同等数量的用户生活领域相一致,但是太少的模式可能提供不充分的灵活性,而太多的模式对于普通人而言可能太多了以至于无法跟进。这里使用三个模式作为针对多数人的最佳数量的模式的示例,但是在不脱离所描述的基本原理的情况下,本发明构思可以应用于两个、四个或更多个模式。
为了解释这些活动群,看看职业人的生活的三个可能领域:工作、家庭和私人。工作模式涵盖在办公室或其它工作场所的时间,并且可以围绕着商业电子邮件和电话、文档、开支报告、会议、商业联系等等。这些活动中的一些可能涉及敏感的商业信息并且因此要求在其它领域中不需要的安全级别。家庭模式可以与配偶、孩子、其它亲属、邻居以及孩子的教师有关。其可以涉及与这些人有关的电子邮件和电话,以及与学校会议、假期日程表、社交网络站点、家庭维修以及相关财政义务有关的电子邮件和电话。私人模式可以与个人兴趣(例如爱好和娱乐)有关,并可以基于共同的兴趣概况来聚集朋友圈。
在这些生活领域中的每一个中,人们具有不同的期望和需要,并面对不同的约束。例如,与在家的人们相比,工作的人们要求不同级别的技术支持,并且对工作的人们进行约束的良好行为规则比对人们游戏活动进行约束的规则更加严格。错误的后果也是不同的;例如,在学校或工作时,应用防止误用某些表达的过滤器可能是重要的,但是当与朋友进行互动时就不太重要。以类似的方式,与在与朋友进行沟通时相比,商业上的沟通方式可能需要更加正式。类似地,不将家庭邮件误发给商业联系人或不将机密商业邮件误发给亲属可能是重要的。通过将设备的操作划分成不同的模式,可以自动地防止这些类型的问题。
使用与用户生活的各个领域相对应的各个模式可以允许设备更好地解释用户的动作(并为用户的动作提供建议)。其还可以许可设备在每个模式中应用与访问、认证以及内容标准相关的不同规则。可以将金融数据在模式之间保持分离。
根据设备所处的模式,设备的操作可以不同。可以通过访问不同的数据库、通过运行不同的应用以及通过将不同的约束应用到设备的操作来实现这种不同。在本发明的各个实施例中,用户能够选择手持设备将在哪个模式中操作(以及因此其是针对他/她的生活的哪个领域),并且设备将针对该领域应用适当的约束并访问适当的数据库和应用。这种特性在本文中被称为“场景感知”。可以通过注意设备正在三个模式的哪个模式中进行操作而开始场景感知,但是也可以被扩展到包括其它内部操作指示符。
手持设备还可以基于其感测的环境来自动地调整其操作。例如,设备可以通过感测工作时使用的无线路由器、通过根据一天中的时间以及星期中的日期来推断用户在工作、通过经由GPS传感器或经由其它位置感知技术确定设备的位置来自动地触发工作模式。当然,在适当时还可以由用户手动地拒绝这些模式。以类似的方式,设备可以停留在相同的模式中,但基于感测其环境而不同地执行。例如,如果设备感测到其正在以典型的汽车的速度移动,则其可以提供交通信息、天气信息、关于附近餐馆的数据等等。基于感测周围环境而改变设备的操作的这种特性在本文中被称为“情况感知”。场景感知和情况感知都可以单独地或彼此合作地由设备使用,以改变其操作。
本发明的各个实施例涉及一种多功能手持用户设备,其可以具有针对用户生活的不同领域的多个可选的操作模式,每个模式具有其自己的数据库、应用、偏好、操作约束以及访问限制。可以提供各种机制以在模式之间进行切换。
图1示出了根据本发明实施例的多功能手持用户设备。所示的设备110被示为具有诸如触摸屏(触敏显示屏)120以及按钮A、B和C的各种部件。还示出了另一输入/输出功能体130,取决于实施例,其可以提供各种类型的功能,例如但不限于:1)另一按钮,2)照相机镜头,3)麦克风,4)其它。还可以包括其它按钮、传感器、输出设备等,但是为了避免附图中过于混乱并没有示出它们。
所示出的按钮称为“硬”按钮,这是因为这些按钮是位于特定区域的物理按钮。但是,在一些实施例中,可以使用“软”按钮,每个软按钮由触敏显示屏上的图像组成。可以通过触摸该图像来激活软按钮。在一些情况中,这些软按钮还可以用于模式选择。这些软按钮的图形图像和它们在屏幕上的位置以及甚至它们是否在屏幕上出现都是可以可编程地变化的。各种软按钮可以具有与硬按钮相同或不同的功能。
虽然将所示的设备110描绘为具有特定的形状、比例以及外观(其中按钮位于特定的位置),但是这仅仅是举例,本发明的实施例可以不限于这种特定的物理配置。例如,在一些实施例中,与所示的相比,按钮可以具有不同的大小和/或不同的形状,可以位于设备的同一侧或不同侧上的其它位置,等等。它们还可以以不同的色彩出现。在一些实施例中,设备110的总体形状可以与所示的不同。
设备110还可以包括用于无线通信的功能体、用于各种视觉、声音和物理输入的功能体以及用于各种视觉、声音和物理输出的功能体。在一些实施例中,设备可以根据其所处的模式和/或根据其感测到的情况和场景以不同的方式使用这种功能体。
多模式操作
可以通过各种技术在相同的设备中创建各种模式,其中所述的各种技术提供充分的隔离和受限访问以保持这些模式在操作上分离。如前面所提到的,设备可以根据其正在操作的模式稍微不同地进行操作。
图2A-图2D示出了根据本发明各个实施例不同模式可以如何访问不同的数据、功能和特征。将三种模式标记为工作、家庭和私人,但是这些仅仅是示例。可以使用任何其它的标记,并且不同模式的使用可以与所描述的不同。然而,根据这些例子,基本构思应当是显而易见的。
例如,图2A示出了将每个模式实现为分离的虚拟机的方式。以这种技术,多个虚拟机可以在单个物理机上隔离地操作。以软件实现的每个虚拟机并不知道该设备中的任何其它虚拟机的存在,因此并不有意地与另一虚拟机共享任何资源(例如,数据、软件、硬件等)。如果不同的虚拟机必须彼此通信,则它们通过虚拟接口进行通信,除了可以通过设备110内的软件而不是通过外部物理连接将这些接口连接到彼此以外,与分离的物理机通过网络连接进行通信几乎一样。不同的虚拟机是否实际上共享存储器或其它资源的部分可以是不相干的,这是因为这些虚拟机并不具有知道这种共享的能力。
图2B-图2D示出了在使用虚拟机或不使用虚拟机的情况下,以不同的方式来划分必要的信息和数据的方式。在一些实施例中,可以假定图2B-图2D中所示的每个方框是存储器(物理和/或虚拟存储器)的单独定义的部分,该单独定义的部分专门用于该操作模式,但是其它实施例可以使用其它技术来划分这些实体。在一些实施例中,在操作存储器(例如,在其中执行应用程序的RAM存储器)和存储存储器(例如,在其中存储应用程序和数据以供将来访问的闪存)之间进行区分,并且可以针对每种类型的内容来分别看待每种类型的存储器。在本文档中,“访问限制”是指关于在特定模式中可以访问哪些数据、应用程序、设备、地址等的限制。“操作约束”是指关于在特定模式中设备可以执行什么操作的约束。显然,存在一些实例,在其中,特定的资源可能落入任一种类,(例如,如果在特定的模式中不能执行电子数据表功能,这可能是因为设备不能访问电子数据表应用,或者可能是因为设备能访问电子数据表应用但是不被允许向它输入数据)。这种可能的重叠并不损害任一定义,其仅仅识别出一些事物可以落入任一种类,这取决于这些事物是如何实现的。
在图2B中,可以假定每个模式使用不同的数据库进行操作,并运行不同的应用集合。每个模式还可以具有其自己的操作约束、其自己的联系人列表、其自己的访问限制、其自己的用户偏好列表以及这里未列出的其自己的其它事物集合。在图2B所示的配置中,暗示着每个数据库是与其它两个数据库分离的,即使它们可以包含一些相同数据的副本。同样,其暗示着每个模式具有自己的应用软件拷贝,即使在多个模式中可以使用相同的应用。针对每个模式列出的其它项同样被示为与其它模式中的类似项分离并隔离。例如,这可以通过以下方式实现:将一部分存储器专用于每个模式,并使针对每个模式的全部相关数据、应用软件、限制、约束等只包含在专用于该模式的存储器中。虽然该方式维持严格的分离,但是该方式可能低效地使用了可用的操作和存储存储器。虽然该方式可以涵盖图2A的虚拟机方式,但是也可以在不使用虚拟机的情况下实现该方式。
图2C示出了另一种方式,在该方式中,将全部数据保持在数据库的公有集合中,但是每个模式的访问限制对设备在该模式中时可以访问哪些数据库或数据库的哪些部分进行了约束。因此,可能不需要保持多个模式共有的数据的分离拷贝。类似地,可以在存储存储器中维持每个应用的单个拷贝,但是每个应用只可以在特定模式的访问限制许可该应用时才对该模式是可访问的。也可以将这种方式扩展到外部访问(例如,可以在单个地方保持个人或网站的联系信息,但是联系该个人或网站的能力可以由每个模式的访问限制进行限制)。相反地,可以优选地在每个模式中维持一些事物的分离拷贝,例如用户偏好或一些操作约束(例如,电子邮件中的许可的语言)。可以针对每个模式分离地维持或者在公有池(该公有池对被授权访问它的任何模式都是可用的)中维持图2C的列出项中的任何一个,这取决于在给定实施例中哪种方式被认为是更好的。
图2D示出了具有第四模式(被标记为共享模式)的方式,其中第四模式为其它三个模式提供总控制。在该方式中,第四模式(其可能对用户不可见)为其它模式中的每一个模式维持对数据、应用、限制等的控制。针对前三个模式的用户偏好和/或操作约束可以由这些模式中的每一个来维持(如所示的),或者也可以由第四模式控制。在一些实施例中,第四模式还控制其它模式之间的数据传递。虽然图2A-图2C的模式可以各自维持一些限制和约束(其中,这些模式在这些限制和约束下进行操作)的列表,但是第四模式可以保持针对其它模式的这种列表,可以处理来自其它模式的对这些资源的请求,并可以准许或拒绝这种请求。第四模式还可以根据需要改变标志、指示符、列表等,以对哪些模式访问哪些资源进行修改。该方式可以通过将全部该信息保持在一个地方,来简化对每个模式可以做什么的维持。
不管使用哪种方式,可以以安全和分隔的方式来存储定义每个模式的访问限制和操作约束的指针、索引和其它功能指示符,使得只可以从适当的模式来访问和/或改变它们。这种信息可以存储在操作系统级,或者在一些实施例中可以存储在硬件中(例如,SIM卡或嵌入式闪存)。只要单个用户控制所有的模式并根据用户的希望使每个模式的操作分离,则可能并非必需标准的安全保护来阻止一个模式的访问特权以非法方式侵入另一模式。然而,如果多个用户访问设备,则可以根据需要实现安全保护(例如,可以用口令或其它安全特征来限制进入工作模式)。
模式选择
返回图1,按钮A、B和C可以用于选择设备将在其中操作的不同模式。例如,如果用户决定将这些模式指定给他的工作、家庭和私人生活,则他可能指定按钮A用于选择工作模式、按钮B用于选择家庭模式以及按钮C用于选择私人模式。按压特定的按钮可以然后使指定的模式变为激活的。在一些实施例中,每个按钮下面的在显示器上的文字可以指示将哪个模式指定给了该按钮,并且因此允许每个用户定制这些标记。
这些按钮不仅可以用于简单地选择模式,而且各种按压按钮的约定可以允许用户将这些按钮的功能进行扩展以指示操作将在给定模式中的何处开始,以及在一些情况下是否将启动多模式操作。这种扩展的功能可以基于诸如按压持续时间、按压按钮的次数、同时按压的按钮的数量、按压按钮的顺序等的事物。例如,可能使用下面的约定:
1)如果设备已经处于操作状态,则对单个按钮的单次按压可以将设备切换到被指定给该按钮的模式。这种功能可以通过硬或软按钮来实现。
2)如果设备处于睡眠状态,则对单个硬按钮的短按压可以在菜单结构内的最近被访问的位置处在相应的模式中唤醒设备。
3)如果设备处于睡眠状态,则对单个硬按钮的长按压可以在相应模式的主页处唤醒设备。
4)从操作或睡眠状态,对相同按钮的快速两次按压可以将设备设置在相应的模式中的分割屏幕视图中。
5)从操作或睡眠状态,并发按压两个硬按钮可以将设备设置在双模式中,在双模式中用户可以从同一屏幕与两个模式进行交互。
6)对相同按钮进行短按压之后再进行长按压可以为该模式调用更复杂的软按钮集合,与只用三个硬按钮可行的选择相比,其允许用户更多的选择。
这些仅仅是可以用于选择模式、选择该模式中的开始位置以及在一些情况中选择多模式操作的几种可能的按钮按压约定。还可以使用其它约定。
图3示出了根据设备的实施例将按钮按压转换成各种操作的方法的流程图。流程图300的方法在本质上是通用的,其仅仅描述了如何使用按钮按压来确定采取什么动作。取决于建立在设备中的具体设计约束,由特定的按钮输入产生的具体动作可以广泛地变化。在一些实施例中,这些设计约束被硬布线到设备中。在一些实施例中,这些约束可以是可编程的。在一些实施例中,这些约束可以由用户改变。在各种实施例中,按钮按压约定可以基于以下中的一个或多个:
a)按压了哪个按钮,
b)是否同时按压了多个按钮,
c)是单个按压还是多个按压的序列,以及
d)每个按压的持续时间。
该过程可以在310开始,在此,设备检测到已经按压了按钮,并且在320处检测按压了哪个按钮。这些操作还可以检测是否同时按压了多于一个的按钮。在一些实施例中,在330处确定按压的持续时间(即,按钮被按压了多长时间)。特别地,可以区分长按压或短按压,其中长按压在按钮被释放之前超过了预定的时间长度,而短按压没有超过该预定的时间长度。在一些实施例中,可以使用由微处理器执行的指令来记录这种按钮按压信息,但是在其它实施例中,状态机或其它硬件设计可以维持该信息,直到按钮按压序列结束为止。
在按钮被释放之后,可以启动计时器来查看是否将按压另一按钮以作为该序列的一部分。在340处如果在计时器到期之前按压了另一按钮,则可以重复310-320-330的操作,并且该信息与来自先前按钮按压的信息一起被保留。如果时间到期,则可以假定已经完成了按钮按压操作,并且然后设备可以确定将采取什么动作作为结果。在一些实施例中,如在350处所描述的,设备可以参照将按钮按压操作转换成相关动作的表。其它实施例可以使用其它技术。一旦已经确定了所指示的操作,在360处就可以由设备执行该操作。这种操作可以包括但不限于:a)去往所指示模式的顶级开始点,b)去往所指示模式的、设备在上次退出该模式时所处的点,c)进入双模式操作,d)进入低功率操作以降低电池消耗,e)其它。
交叉模式通信
在大部分情况中,在不同模式之间分离可用数据、联系人、安全等是高度期望的,即使这些事物的一些内容在模式之间被复制。但是,在一些情况中,可能期望同时将相同的数据、限制、约束等输入到多于一个的模式中,或者将这种信息从一个模式移动到另一模式。在一种类型的操作中,用户可能同时进入两个模式。在另一类型的操作中,用户可能使用拖放或剪切粘贴操作来在两个模式之间传递信息。
可以使用许可检查来阻止信息的某些流动。例如,可以允许用户从工作模式向私人模式剪切粘贴信息,但是不允许用户从私人模式向工作模式剪切粘贴信息。在另一例子中,可以允许文档从私人模式传递到工作模式,但是不允许在工作模式中使用该文档,直到已经滤除了该文档中的不适合于工作场合的语言为止。在另一例子中,将客户的联系信息输入到工作模式数据库中也许是可能的,但是也许阻止同时将相同的信息输入到家庭模式数据库中。在模式之间的任何传递中,可以为了历史或安全审核的原因对该传递进行日志记录。
用于在内部传递数据或软件的实际机制可以取决于用于使模式保持分离的结构。例如,在图2D的方式中,第四模式可以简单地修改与现在共享的信息有关的接收模式的相关约束,其中该现在共享的信息已经位于第四模式的数据库中。在图2A或图2B的方式中,接收模式可以存储所接收的信息,并根据需要更新它自己的约束/许可列表。适当时也可以使用其它技术。
图4示出了根据本发明实施例针对多个操作模式输入数据的方法的流程图。在流程图400中,在410处,将设备设置在多模式状态中以进行数据输入,其中在420处选择特定的模式。这种选择可以通过任意可行的手段(例如用户按压按钮的某种组合和/或序列)或通过某种更自动化的技术而发生。在430处,可以在屏幕上显示所选择的模式以向用户确认哪些模式被如此选择。
在440处,设备可以在屏幕上呈现适于将要输入的数据的类型的格式。例如,可以显示日程安排格式以输入日历事件,或者可以显示联系信息格式以输入个人的电子邮件地址。这可以是新的信息,或者可以是对现有信息的改变。当已经在450处输入数据时,在460处设备可以将该数据应用于针对所有所选模式的数据库。应用该信息的确切方法可以取决于用于使模式保持分离的结构。
图5示出了根据本发明实施例在模式之间传递数据的方法的流程图。在流程图500中,在510处,用户选择将在数据传递中使用的两个模式,并且在520处设备呈现分割屏幕显示格式。在一些实施例中,例如通过使用特定的按钮按压约定来选择分割屏幕数据传递操作中将涉及哪些模式,可以同时处理510和520。
不同类型的显示格式可以更好地适合于不同类型的数据。在530处,当用户选择将要传递的数据的类型时,这可以自动地选择用于呈现该类型数据的最佳格式。可替换地,在530处,用户可以选择显示格式的类型(例如,电子数据表),并且然后将特定的数据调用到该格式中。在任一情况中,针对分割屏幕一侧的所选格式可以在分割屏幕的另一侧中进行复制。在540处,当用户在屏幕的一侧上选择将要传递的数据时,可以将该数据拷贝到屏幕另一侧的相应部分上。可以通过任意可行的手段发起这种传递,例如拖放、剪切粘贴或其它技术。
一旦已经传递了数据,在560处,用户就可以发起数据保存功能以更新针对接收模式的数据库。取决于用于访问公有数据的机制,这可以涉及将数据的拷贝存储在接收模式中,或者可以简单地涉及更新指向与来源模式共享的数据库的指针。
如果存在更多的将要传递的数据,如在570处所确定的,(如果新的数据传递需要不同的呈现格式)该流程可以返回至530,或者(如果呈现格式将是相同的)该流程可以返回至540。一旦已经在这两个模式间传递了全部数据,则在580处,该过程可以退出。在一些实施例中,可以简单地通过以下操作从相同的分割屏幕格式在相反的方向上传递不同的数据:将分割屏幕一侧上的数据指定为来源数据,将该数据移动到另一侧,然后针对其它数据在相反的方向上进行同样的操作。
场景感知
场景感知是基于用户的活动的。作为开始点,场景感知可以注意到用户正在三个模式中的哪个模式中操作,并基于该模式提供或阻止各种功能。可替换地,如果用户正尝试执行只在另一模式中可用的活动,则它可以通知用户该冲突。但是,场景感知还可以很好地扩展到这些简单描述之外。
场景感知的关键在于,设备注意到用户当前正在执行什么样的设备活动(或多个活动,或活动序列),基于用户过去的活动和/或基于典型人类行为的数据库来确定用户可能想要执行什么样的其它活动,并且然后自动地开始搜索并提供关于这些其它活动的信息。例如,如果用户请求当前电影的列表,则设备可以自动开始搜索本地电影院、该天在每个影院中可观看的电影和放映时间的列表以及针对每个可观看电影的电影评论的列表。如果用户询问设备的电池的状态,则设备不仅可以呈现当前电池电荷,而且还可以针对用户频繁执行的多个不同操作中的每一个呈现剩余电池寿命的估计。在另一实施例中,如果用户请求在线银行报告单以确定其当前账户结余,则设备还可以分析以前的账户历史以确定下一次薪水应当在何时自动存入、哪些再次出现的账单将在该日期之前到期、基于该分析以及以前的自由支配(discretionary spending)历史确定用户将有多少钱供自由支配。
在每个情况中,设备不仅对用户所请求的东西进行响应,而且还进行一些关于什么样的其它信息可能对用户有帮助的假设(其中,该其它信息没有被具体地请求),并自动地尝试获得该其它信息。设备然后可以向用户呈现该其它信息,和/或设备可以采取特定的动作,尽管用户没有具体地请求该信息或该动作,并且该其它信息对响应于用户的请求而言不是必需的。
情况感知
情况感知是基于设备周围的外部环境的。设备可以通过若干机制获得关于其环境的信息,例如但不限于:1)用于确定设备的物理位置的GPS系统,2)用于确定什么样的无线网络或无线设备位于通信范围内的一个或多个无线电系统,3)分析照相机输入的图像识别系统,4)识别麦克风输入的声音识别系统,5)用于确定设备的移动和/或方向的传感器(例如加速计),6)温度传感器,7)其它。这些传感输入中的一个或多个可以与一个或多个(内部或外部)数据库结合使用,以推导出更多的关于周围环境的信息。
例如,设备可能根据其GPS系统和数字化地图确定其位于特定的点并且正以公路速度沿着道路移动。然后,设备的加速计可能感测到突然的、高冲击的力量,之后是不再移动以及来自设备的照相机的静止图像。设备可以根据这种信息确定已经发生了汽车碰撞。在可听地提示用户并且未能接收到回复之后,设备可以确定其当前与哪个蜂窝电话塔相关联,并用自动的求救呼叫拨打911,其中该自动的求救呼叫标识车辆位于哪里。
在另一例子中,设备可以感测来自用户的工作场所处的服务器的无线业务,并因而确定用户在工作。然后,设备可以自动地切换到工作模式。
在又一例子中,用户可以驾驶到喜欢的咖啡店,却获知该店关闭了。为了获知另一咖啡店的位置,用户可以使用设备的照相机来获取咖啡店的徽标的图片,并请求最近的替代者的位置。然后设备可以:
a)使用图像处理来确定该咖啡连锁店的商标名称。
b)根据GPS系统确定用户的位置。
c)无线地请求并接收该区域中的其它咖啡店的位置的列表以及它们所安排的营业时间。
d)根据用户的期望的自动化级别,设备可以从该列表中选择咖啡店,或提示用户选择咖啡店。
e)提供行驶指示以到达所选择的咖啡店。该指示可以是交互的,在用户向期望的目的地行驶时变化。
在每种情况中,设备监测环境信息。当用户请求信息时,设备不仅对用户所请求的东西进行响应,而且还基于环境监测进行一些关于什么样的其它信息可能对用户有帮助的假设(其中该其它的信息没有被具体地请求),并自动地尝试获得该其它信息。然后设备可以向用户呈现该其它信息,和/或设备可以采取特定的动作,尽管用户并没有具体地请求该信息或动作。
组合的场景和情况感知
图6示出了根据本发明实施例的使用场景感知和情况感知两者来触发动作的方法的流程图。在所示的流程图600中,在605处反复地监测设备的场景,以跟踪模式以及用户在该模式中正执行的操作。在监测场景时,在615处,设备基于当前场景确定是否可能存在可能有用的相关信息。如果存在,则在625处设备查找该信息。该相关信息可能包含在设备自己的数据库中,或者可能必须从外部源获得。一旦获得了,在635处,就可以将该相关信息存储在设备的数据库中。这种存储的信息可以现在使用或者可以不现在使用,但是可以被存储以备其变成有用的。
并发地,在610处,可以使用环境传感器来反复地监测设备的环境。在监测环境时,在620处,设备基于当前环境确定是否可能存在可能有用的相关信息。如果存在,在630处,设备查找该信息。该相关信息可能包含在设备自己的数据库中,或者可能必须从外部源获得。一旦获得了,在640处,就可以将该相关信息存储在设备的数据库中。这种存储的信息可以现在使用或者可以不现在使用,但是可以被存储以备其变成有用的。
在605-615-625-635和610-620-630-640处的过程循环可以继续,直到在645或650处出现触发事件为止。触发事件可以是各种类型事件中的任何一个,其中包括用户请求信息、设备发起动作、检测到警报等。在660,设备可以基于触发事件将已经收集的各种场景和情况信息组合起来和/或关联起来。该信息中的一些可能已经作为连续监测的结果被收集,并且该信息中的一些可能是响应于用户请求或设备动作被收集的。在将各种信息组合/关联起来之后,在670处,设备可以基于该信息采取动作。普通的动作是向用户呈现信息,但是设备可能发起并不直接涉及该用户的另一操作。注意到以下一点是重要的:在该系列操作中收集并向用户呈现的信息并不限于用户所请求的具体信息,也不限于完成用户对信息的请求所必需的信息。其包括没有被请求的信息,但是基于用户所请求的信息并基于各种暗示的、推断的或获知的在所请求的信息和没有被请求的信息之间的关系,存在该没有被请求的信息将会是有用的可能性。这些关系可以基于用户过去的历史、基于用户的记录的偏好、基于通常所接受的行为规范、基于共同的人类活动或基于其它类似因素。
在许多情形中,场景感知和情况感知两者可以一起用于触发设备中的自动操作。通过感测外部环境并将该信息与设备中的当前操作的场景结合起来,设备可以发起用户未请求的、但是基于从环境输入和当前场景所推导出的假设的其它操作。
以上描述旨在进行解释而不是进行限制。本领域技术人员将会想到各种改变。这些改变旨在包括在本发明的各种实施例中,其中,本发明只由所附的权利要求的范围限定。

Claims (33)

1.一种装置,包括:
具有触摸屏和无线电单元的手持电子设备,所述设备在三个模式中的任意一个中操作;
其中,每个模式具有与其它模式的数据库和应用分离并且不同的
数据库和应用;
其中,每个模式与用户的活动的不同部分相关。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,每个模式具有关于所述设备通过无线通信能访问何种外部设备的分离约束。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,每个模式具有关于在该模式中产生的文档内何种术语被许可的分离约束。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,每个模式具有在该模式中操作时能访问的电子邮件联系人的分离列表。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,基于按压所述设备上的多个软按钮中的至少一个,所述模式能够由所述用户进行选择。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,基于触摸所述设备上的多个硬按钮中的至少一个,所述模式能够由所述用户进行选择。
7.如权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述设备解释多个按钮的按钮按压序列,所述解释用于确定按压了哪个按钮以及从由以下各项组成的列表中选择的至少一个其它因素:
a)所述按压的持续时间是否超过了特定的时间限制;
b)是否多次按压了所述按钮;以及
c)是否同时按压了多个按钮。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述设备使用场景感知和情况感知来在每个模式中进行操作。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述设备具有多个按钮,用于选择进入哪个模式以及在该模式中的什么点处开始。
10.一种方法,包括:
将手持电子设备从一个操作模式切换到另一个操作模式;
其中,每个模式具有与其它模式中的每一个的数据库、访问限制和操作约束分离并且不同的数据库、访问限制和操作约束。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,通过按压所述设备上的被设计用于模式切换的多个硬按钮中的至少一个来执行所述切换。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述切换包括:
检测按压了所述设备上的所述多个按钮中的第一按钮;
确定满足至少一个标准,所述标准是从由以下各项组成的列表中选择的:
a)按压所述第一按钮时并发地按压第二按钮;
b)按压所述第一按钮多次;以及
c)按压所述第一按钮比预定持续时间更长;以及
基于所述检测和所述确定进入与所述第一按钮相关联的操作模式中的至少一个。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述进入操作是从由以下各项组成的列表中选择的:
a)在与所述第一按钮相关联的模式中的初始页面处进入该模式;
b)在上次退出与所述第一按钮相关联的模式时所述设备所处的相同页面处进入该模式;以及
c)进入多模式操作,所述多模式操作允许用户从触摸屏上的同一显示访问所述模式中的两个模式。
14.一种物品,包括:
包含指令的计算机可读存储介质,所述指令在由一个或多个处理器执行时使得执行包括以下各项的操作:
将手持电子设备从多个操作模式中的一个操作模式切换到另一个操作模式;
其中,每个模式具有与其它模式中的每一个的数据库、访问限制和操作约束分离并且不同的数据库、访问限制和操作约束。
15.如权利要求14所述的物品,其中,所述切换操作包括:按压所述设备上的被设计用于模式切换的多个硬按钮中的至少一个。
16.如权利要求15所述的物品,其中,所述切换操作包括:
检测按压了所述设备上的所述多个按钮中的第一按钮;
确定满足至少一个标准,所述标准是从由以下各项组成的列表中选择的:
a)按压所述第一按钮时并发地按压第二按钮;
b)按压所述第一按钮多次;
c)按压所述第一按钮比预定持续时间更长;以及
基于所述检测和所述确定进入所述操作模式中的至少一个。
17.如权利要求16所述的物品,其中,所述进入操作是从由以下各项组成的列表中选择的:
a)在与所述第一按钮相关联的模式中的初始页面处进入该模式;
b)在上次退出与所述第一按钮相关联的模式时所述设备所处的相同页面处进入该模式;以及
c)进入多模式操作,所述多模式操作允许从触摸屏上的同一显示并发地访问所述模式中的两个模式。
18.如权利要求14所述的物品,其中,每个模式具有关于所述设备通过无线通信能访问何种外部设备的分离约束。
19.如权利要求14所述的物品,其中,每个模式具有关于所述设备能访问何种网站的分离约束。
20.如权利要求14所述的物品,其中,每个模式具有在该模式中操作时能访问的电子邮件联系人的分离列表。
21.一种装置,包括:
具有触摸屏和用于无线通信的无线电单元的手持电子设备,所述设备用于:
接收用户执行第一操作的请求;
访问所述用户未请求的、并且对于执行所述第一操作而言不是必
需的信息;以及
响应于所述请求向所述用户提供所访问的信息的至少一部分。
22.如权利要求21所述的装置,其中,所述访问是至少部分地基于所述第一操作的场景以及在所述请求时所述设备正在操作的模式的。
23.如权利要求21所述的装置,其中,所述用户未请求的所述信息包括由所述设备感测的环境信息。
24.如权利要求21所述的装置,其中,对所提供的信息的选择是至少部分地基于所述用户的请求的过去历史的。
25.如权利要求21所述的装置,其中,所提供的信息不包括在当前操作模式中所述用户不能访问的信息。
26.一种方法,包括:
基于用户执行第一操作的请求,在手持电子设备中执行所述第一操作;
基于所述请求,访问所述用户未请求的、并且对于执行所述第一操作而言不是必需的信息;以及
响应于所述请求向所述用户提供所访问的信息的至少一部分。
27.如权利要求26所述的方法,还包括:在不同的时刻在多个模式中的每一个中进行操作,其中,每个模式具有分离的操作约束集合,所述集合中的每一个包括:
关于能访问的因特网站点的约束;
关于可用的电子邮件联系人的约束;
关于可用于查看的数据的约束。
28.如权利要求26所述的方法,其中,所述访问是至少部分地基于所述第一操作的场景以及在所述请求时所述设备正在操作的模式的。
29.如权利要求26所述的方法,其中,所述用户未请求的所述信息包括所述设备感测的环境信息。
30.一种物品,包括:
包含指令的计算机可读存储介质,所述指令在由一个或多个处理器执行时使得执行包括以下各项的操作:
基于用户执行第一操作的请求,在手持电子设备中执行所述第一操作;
基于所述请求,访问所述用户未请求的、并且对于执行所述第一操作而言不是必需的信息;以及
响应于所述请求向所述用户提供所访问的信息的至少一部分。
31.如权利要求30所述的物品,还包括:在不同的时刻在多个模式中的每一个中进行操作,其中,每个模式具有分离的操作约束集合,所述集合中的每一个由下列各项组成:
关于能访问的因特网站点的约束;
关于可用的电子邮件联系人的约束;
关于可用于查看的数据的约束。
32.如权利要求30所述的物品,其中,所述访问是至少部分地基于所述第一操作的场景以及在所述请求时所述设备正在操作的模式的。
33.如权利要求30所述的物品,其中,所述用户未请求的所述信息包括所述设备感测的环境信息。
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BR122012016164A2 (pt) 2019-07-30
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BR122012016165A2 (pt) 2019-07-30
CN102447837A (zh) 2012-05-09
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JP2012104126A (ja) 2012-05-31
BR122012016164B1 (pt) 2020-12-01
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EP2442167A2 (en) 2012-04-18
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JP2012104127A (ja) 2012-05-31
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CN102567665B (zh) 2015-04-22
EP2443591A1 (en) 2012-04-25
EP2560088B1 (en) 2019-03-06
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CN102393808A (zh) 2012-03-28
EP2958014B1 (en) 2022-08-17
KR20120003936A (ko) 2012-01-11
US20120074227A1 (en) 2012-03-29
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EP2444930A1 (en) 2012-04-25
KR101363201B1 (ko) 2014-02-12
US20160370992A1 (en) 2016-12-22
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JP5579156B2 (ja) 2014-08-27
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EP3588345A1 (en) 2020-01-01
CN102415204B (zh) 2015-07-01
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EP2443511A1 (en) 2012-04-25
CN102637090B (zh) 2016-06-22
CN102567665A (zh) 2012-07-11
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EP2495594A2 (en) 2012-09-05
CN102622125A (zh) 2012-08-01
CN102594978B (zh) 2016-02-24
BRPI1010869A2 (pt) 2016-11-01
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CN102404510A (zh) 2012-04-04
CN107181897B (zh) 2021-08-13
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EP2450782B1 (en) 2019-05-08
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KR20120003937A (ko) 2012-01-11
KR101462308B1 (ko) 2014-11-20
EP2434372A2 (en) 2012-03-28
KR20120003963A (ko) 2012-01-11
CN107181897A (zh) 2017-09-19
JP2012527820A (ja) 2012-11-08
CN102447836A (zh) 2012-05-09
WO2010147824A2 (en) 2010-12-23
CN102422246B (zh) 2014-12-03
US9690480B2 (en) 2017-06-27
EP2509021A1 (en) 2012-10-10
SG177152A1 (en) 2012-01-30
CN102447838A (zh) 2012-05-09
US20120190408A1 (en) 2012-07-26
US20150150121A1 (en) 2015-05-28
EP2434427A2 (en) 2012-03-28

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