CN103562839A - 多应用环境 - Google Patents

多应用环境 Download PDF

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CN103562839A
CN103562839A CN201180071196.8A CN201180071196A CN103562839A CN 103562839 A CN103562839 A CN 103562839A CN 201180071196 A CN201180071196 A CN 201180071196A CN 103562839 A CN103562839 A CN 103562839A
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interface
application
gesture
immersion
applied environments
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CN103562839B (zh
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R.J.贾雷特
J.C.萨特菲尔德
N.A.森德林
B.P.安德森
T.Y.王
C.D.萨里恩
P.L.米纳
J.哈里斯
D.A.马修斯
J.男
M.I.沃尔利
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Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/451Execution arrangements for user interfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04883Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04886Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus

Abstract

本发明描述使能多应用环境的技术和装置。在一些实施例中,这些技术和装置使能具有沉浸式界面、基于窗口的界面以及被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面的组合的多应用环境。

Description

多应用环境
背景技术
传统的操作系统允许用户通过窗口观看多个计算应用。这些窗口中的每个窗口通常包括框架,其具有用于与计算应用交互的控件,以及用于选择哪个窗口框架是首要的,或移动、定尺寸或以别的方式管理窗口布局的控件。然而,这些窗口框架占用了显示器的一些部分,这些部分要不然可能被贡献去用于应用的内容。而且,通过这些控件来管理这些窗口的首要性或布局,对于用户来说会是费时和麻烦的。
发明内容
本文档描述使能多应用环境的技术和装置。这里描述的多应用环境可以呈现多个应用,而不使显示器的很大部分贡献给用于应用的窗口框架,和/或不需要管理窗口框架,诸如它们在显示器上的尺寸、位置或首要性。在一些实施例中,这些技术和装置使能具有沉浸式界面 (immersive interface)、基于窗口的界面以及被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面的组合的多应用环境。另外,在一些实施例中,所述技术和装置使得能管理多应用环境中的应用,诸如在该环境内给界面定尺寸和移动界面。再者,一些实施例使得能管理当前未被呈现的、先前与之交互过的应用。而且,所述技术的一些实施例使得能通过边缘(edge)手势或用户界面管理菜单来管理应用和它们的界面,不论其是否为当前被显示的。
本概要被提供来介绍简化的概念,这些概念还将在下面的详细说明中进行描述。本概要既不打算标识所要求保护的主题的必要特征,也不打算用于确定所要求保护的主题的范围。当上下文准许时,使能多应用环境的技术和/或装置在这里也分开地或共同地被称为“技术”,然而技术可包括或替代地代表这里描述的其它方面。
附图说明
使能多应用环境的实施例是参照以下的附图描述的。贯穿附图,相同的标号被使用来引用同样的特征和部件:
图1图示在其中可以实施使能多应用环境的技术的示例性系统。
图2图示用于使能边缘手势的示例性方法,边缘手势近似垂直于其中手势开始的边缘。
图3图示具有触敏显示器的示例性输入板计算设备,该触敏显示器呈现沉浸式界面。
图4图示图3的示例性沉浸式界面连同示例性边缘。
图5图示图3和4的示例性沉浸式界面、连同从垂直线起的角度变化线、以及从手势的起始点到手势的稍后点(later point)的线。
图6图示图4所示的沉浸式界面的边缘、连同在右边缘中的两个区域。
图7图示响应于在图3的沉浸式界面和网页上做出的边缘手势,由系统界面模块呈现的应用选择界面。
图8图示用于使能边缘手势的示例性方法,包括根据手势的某因素确定要呈现的界面。
图9图示使得能扩展或停止呈现响应于边缘手势或另一个用户界面的呈现而呈现的用户界面的示例性方法。
图10图示具有触敏显示器的膝上型计算机,该触敏显示器具有基于窗口的电子邮件界面和两个沉浸式界面。
图11图示图10的界面连同具有起始点、稍后点和一个或多个相继点(succesive point)的两个手势。
图12图示图10和11的基于窗口的电子邮件界面、连同响应于边缘手势而呈现的电子邮件处理界面。
图13图示图12的界面、连同响应于被确定为具有离边缘有预置距离的相继点的手势而呈现的附加电子邮件选项界面。
图14图示通过使用队列而切换回先前与之交互过的应用的方法。
图15图示用户与各种应用进行交互的示例性交互次序。
图16图示图3的沉浸式界面、连同先前应用的用户界面的缩略图像(thumbnail image)。
图17图示用于切换回先前与之交互过的应用的方法,其可能使用或可能不使用队列。
图18图示图3和16的沉浸式界面、两个渐进的(progressive)呈现和两个手势部分。
图19图示使能多应用环境的方法,包括响应于单个选择而改变多个沉浸式界面的尺寸。
图20图示具有触敏显示器的图1的台式计算设备,该触敏显示器被示为显示带有由界面间隔物(divider)区域划分的两个沉浸式界面的多应用环境。
图21图示图20的多应用环境,其两个沉浸式界面的尺寸被改变并且界面间隔物区域被移动。
图22图示用于响应于小到一个选择和以完全占用区域的尺寸来显示该区域中的应用的沉浸式界面的方法。
图23图示完全占用具有三个区域的多应用环境的、当前的沉浸式界面。
图24图示图23的多应用环境,带有取代图23的当前沉浸式界面的减小尺寸的沉浸式界面和第二沉浸式界面。
图25图示用于通过用户界面来管理多应用环境的方法。
图26图示具有首要的和非首要的区域的示例性多应用环境。
图27图示包括用户界面管理菜单的、图26的多应用环境。
图28图示使得能把桌面作为多应用环境内的沉浸式界面进行显示的方法。
图29图示具有显示基于窗口的界面和任务条的桌面沉浸式界面以及显示内容的沉浸式界面的示例性多应用环境。
图30图示使能内容呈现和/或管理多应用环境的方法。
图31图示其中可以实施使能多应用环境的技术的示例性设备。
具体实施方式
综述 
本文档描述使能多应用环境的技术和装置。这里描述的多应用环境可以呈现多个应用,而不使显示器的很大部分贡献给用于应用的窗口框架,和/或不需要管理窗口框架,诸如它们在显示器上的尺寸、位置或首要性。在一些实施例中,这些技术和装置使能具有沉浸式界面、基于窗口的界面以及被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面的组合的多应用环境。另外,在一些实施例中,所述技术和装置使得能管理当前呈现在或当前未呈现在多应用环境中的应用,诸如在该环境内给界面定尺寸和移动界面,以及选择当前未被呈现的、先前与之交互过的应用。在一些实施例中,这种和其它形式的管理是通过在多应用环境上做出的边缘手势或用户界面管理菜单而被使能的。
这些仅仅是所述技术借以使能多应用环境的许多方式的几个例子,其它的方式在下面描述。
示例性系统
图1图示在其中可以体现使能多应用环境的技术的示例性系统100。系统100包括计算设备102,图上示出了它的六个例子:膝上型计算机104、输入板计算设备106、智能电话108、机顶盒110、台式计算机112和游戏设备114,然而,也可以使用其它的计算设备和系统,诸如服务器和上网本。
计算设备102包括计算机处理器116和计算机可读存储介质118(介质118)。介质118包括操作系统120、基于窗口的模式模块122、多应用环境模块124、系统界面模块126、手势处理机128、包括或能访问应用队列132的应用管理器130、管理器134、以及一个或多个应用136,每个应用具有一个或多个应用用户界面138。
计算设备102还包括或能访问一个或多个显示器140和输入机构142。在图1上图示了四个示例的显示器。输入机构142可包括手势敏感传感器和设备,仅举几个例子,比如基于触摸的传感器和运动跟踪传感器(例如,基于照相机的),以及鼠标(独立式的或与键盘集成的)、跟踪板和带有伴随的话音识别软件的麦克风。输入机构142可以是分开的或与显示器140集成的;集成的例子包括带有集成的触敏或运动敏感传感器的手势敏感显示器。
基于窗口的模式模块122通过具有框架的窗口呈现应用用户界面138。这些框架可以提供通过其与应用交互的控件、和/或使得用户能够移动窗口和调整窗口尺寸的控件。
多应用环境模块124提供某种环境,用户可以经由其通过应用用户界面138观看应用136中的一个或多个并与之交互。多应用环境124可以结合基于窗口的模式模块122来呈现一个或多个应用用户界面138。多应用环境 124也可以或替代地呈现一个或多个应用用户界面138作为沉浸式界面。
在一些实施例中,沉浸式界面几乎不通过窗口框架来呈现应用的内容并且使能与应用交互,而不需要用户管理窗口框架的布局或相对于其它窗口的首要性(例如,哪个窗口是活动的或在前面的),不需要用户人工地给应用用户界面138定尺寸或定位置,和/或不用呈现视觉控件(例如,在窗口框架上或在遮掩内容的窗口中的永久控件)。
由多应用环境模块124使能的多应用环境可以(但不是必需)被宿有(host)和/或被表面化(surface),而不使用基于窗口的桌面环境。因此,在一些情形下,多应用环境模块124把多应用环境呈现为沉浸式环境,并因此没有窗口(甚至是不带有很大的框架的窗口)和/或排除了对像桌面那样的显示(例如,任务条)的使用。再者,在一些实施例中,这种多应用环境类似于操作系统,因为它是不能关闭的或不能卸载的。在一些情形下,虽然不需要,但这种多应用环境使得能由多应用环境内的应用使用显示器的全部或几乎全部的像素。
在下面提供多应用环境的例子,其中的某些例子只包括沉浸式界面,以及其中的某些例子包括基于窗口的界面或被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面,然而它们不是穷尽的,或不打算用来限制这里所描述的技术。
系统界面模块126提供通过其使能与操作系统120交互的一个或多个界面,仅举几例,诸如应用发起界面、开始菜单或者系统工具或选项菜单。
操作系统120、模块122、124和126、以及手势处理机128、应用管理器130和管理器134可以是互相分开的,或者可以以任何适当的形式组合或集成。
示例性方法
示例性方法200、800和900 处理边缘手势,示例性方法1400和1700 处理切换回先前与之交互过的应用,示例性方法1900和2200处理在多应用环境中管理沉浸式界面,示例性方法2500处理通过用户界面管理多应用环境,方法2800处理在多应用环境内被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面,方法3000处理多应用环境的内容呈现和/或管理。
所述方法可以分开地或互相组合地、全部地或部分地被使用。例如,所述技术可以使用边缘手势来使能选择、定尺寸和切换当前在多应用环境中的界面。所述技术也可以利用或不利用边缘手势,而使用应用队列来选择先前与之交互过的应用。而且,所述技术可以在通过应用队列选择先前与之交互过的应用时或响应于对移动或改变当前显示的界面的选择,而自动地给多个界面定尺寸。
边缘手势
图2描绘用于根据边缘手势近似垂直于手势开始处的边缘,而使能边缘手势的方法200。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框202接收手势。这个手势可以在显示器的各个部分被接收,诸如,在基于窗口的界面、沉浸式界面上,或者没有界面。而且,这个手势可以以各种方式被做出和接收,诸如指针跟踪通过触摸板、鼠标或滚动球接收的运动,或通过运动敏感或触敏机构接收的、用手臂、手指或指示笔做出的物理运动等等。
作为例子,考虑图3,图上图示输入板计算设备106。输入板106包括触敏显示器302,其被示为显示包括网页306的沉浸式界面 304。作为正在进行的例子的一部分,在方框202,手势处理机128接收手势308,如图3所示。
方框204确定手势的起始点是否处在边缘。正如上面指出的,所讨论的边缘可以是用户界面(无论是沉浸式的还是基于窗口的)的边缘,和/或是显示器的边缘。在一些情形下,当然,用户界面的边缘也是显示器的边缘。边缘的尺寸可以根据有关显示器或界面的各种因素而变化。与大的显示器或界面相比,小的显示器或界面从绝对的或者像素的角度来讲可以具有较小的尺寸。高灵敏度的输入机构也允许较小的边缘。示例的边缘是矩形,且其在一个维度上在1 到20个像素之间变化,而在另一个维度上是界面或显示器的界面极限,然而可以替代地使用其它尺寸和形状,包括凸的和凹的边缘。
继续正在进行的例子,考虑图4,图上图示图3的沉浸式界面 304和手势308,以及左边缘402、顶部边缘404、右边缘406和底部边缘408。为了视觉上清晰起见,没有显示网页306。在这个例子中,界面和显示器的尺度属于中等尺寸,介于智能电话的尺度与许多膝上型和台式计算机显示器的尺度之间。边缘402、404、406和408具有20个像素的小尺度,每个边缘的区域被示为分别由在边缘界限410、412、414和416处离显示器或界面界限 20个像素处的虚线限制。虽然被示为在拐角处重叠,但替代地,边缘可以在拐角处斜接(miter),或一个边缘可比另一个边缘更占上风(favor)(例如,如果起始点在重叠的拐角处被接收,则边缘404比边缘406更占上风)。
手势处理机128确定:手势308具有起始点418,并且这个起始点418处在左边缘402内。在这种情形下,手势处理机128通过以下方式确定起始点,即:接收指示在手势308开始处的、以像素计的[X,Y]坐标的数据,并比较这些坐标的第一个坐标与被包含在每个边缘402、404、406和408内的那些像素。手势处理机128经常可以比采样速率更快速地确定起始点和它是否处在边缘,由此几乎不引起从仅仅把手势直接传递到在其上做出手势的已显露界面的技术的性能降级。
回到方法200,通常,如果方框204确定:手势的起始点不是处在边缘,则方法200沿“否”路径进到方框206。方框206把手势传递到已显露的用户界面,诸如在其上接收手势的下层(underlying)界面。改变正在进行的例子,假设手势308被确定为不具有在边缘内的起始点。在这种情形下,手势处理机128把用于手势308的缓冲数据传递到沉浸式用户界面304。在传递手势后,方法200结束。
如果方框204确定:手势的起始点处在边缘中,则方法200沿“是”路径进到方框208。方框208通过确定从手势的起始点到稍后点的线是否近似垂直于边缘,来响应方框204的肯定确定。
在一些实施例中,方框208确定所使用的稍后点。手势处理机128例如可以根据稍后点是在离边缘或起始点的预置距离处被接收的,而确定手势的稍后点,所述预置距离是诸如越过边缘402的边缘界限410、或离起始点418 有二十个像素远(这些全在图4中)。在一些其它的实施例中,手势处理机128根据稍后点是在接收到起始点以后的预置时间被接收的而确定稍后点,所述预置时间是诸如稍微大于通常由计算设备102用来确定手势是轻敲并保持手势还是悬停手势所用时间量的时间量。
对于正在进行的实施例,手势处理机128使用在边缘402之外接收的手势308的稍后接收的点,只要该稍后接收的点是在预置的时间内被接收的。如果在这个预置的时间内在边缘之外没有接收到点,则手势处理机128进到方框206,且把手势308传递到沉浸式界面 304。
通过使用起始点,方框208确定从手势的起始点到稍后点的线是否近似垂直于边缘。在进行这个确定时,可以由方框208使用各种变化的角度,诸如五、十、二十或三十度。
作为例子,考虑离垂直线三十度的变化角度。图5图示这个示例的变化,显示了图3和4的沉浸式界面 304、手势308、左边缘402、左边缘界限410和起始点418,连同离垂直线504三十度的变化线502。因此,根据从起始点418到稍后点508的线506(它离垂直线约二十度)处在示例的三十度变化线502之内,手势处理机128确定:所述线506是近似于垂直的。
通常,如果方框208确定所述线不是近似垂直于边缘的,则方法200沿“否”路径进到方框206。正如在上面部分地指出的,方框208也可以确定:手势的稍后点或其它方面使该手势不合格(disqualify)。例子包括当稍后点处在边缘内时,诸如由于悬停、轻敲、按下并保持、或向上加向下手势(例如,滚动用户界面中的内容),或当手势被设置为单输入手势而接收到第二个输入时(例如,第一手指在边缘处起始但第二手指接着落到任何地方)。
如果方框208根据边缘之外的稍后点确定所述线是近似垂直的,则方法200沿“是”路径进到方框210。
方框210通过把手势传递到不同于已显露的用户界面的其它实体而响应于方框208的肯定的确定。这个实体不是在其上接收到手势的用户界面,假设该手势完全是在用户界面上接收的。方框210也可以确定把手势传递到哪个实体,诸如根据在其中接收到手势起始点的边缘或边缘的区域。例如,考虑图6,它图示沉浸式界面304和图4的边缘402、404、406和408,但把顶部区域602和底部区域604加到右边缘406。在顶部区域602中的起始点可以导致与在底部区域604中所接收的起始点不同的实体(或即使是相同的实体,但在响应时提供不同的用户界面)。同样地,在顶部边缘404中的起始点可以导致与左边缘402或底部边缘408不同的实体或界面。
在一些情形下,这个实体是与用户界面相关联的应用,而不是与该用户界面不关联的应用,诸如系统实体或不同的应用。在这样的情形下,把手势传递到该实体可以有效地使得应用呈现使能与该应用交互的第二用户界面。在以上的电影例子中,实体可以是播放电影的媒体播放器,而不是显示电影的沉浸式界面。媒体播放器然后可以呈现第二用户界面,其使得能选择字幕或导演的评论,而不是由显示该电影的界面所使能的选择,诸如“暂停”、“播放”和“停止”。这个能力在图1上被准许,其中应用136之一可包括或能够呈现多于一个的应用用户界面138。因此,仅举出三种可能性,方框210可以把该手势传递到系统界面模块126、应用136中当前呈现该用户界面的那个应用、或应用136中的另一个应用。
总结正在进行的实施例,在方框210,手势处理机128把手势308传递到系统界面模块126。系统界面模块126接收手势308的缓冲部分,并在由用户做出手势时继续接收手势308的其余部分。图7图示在接收到手势308后可能的响应,显示由系统界面模块126呈现且呈现在来自图3的沉浸式界面304和网页306上的应用选择界面702。应用选择界面702使得能在可选择的应用图块(tile)704、706、708和710处选择各种其它应用和它们的各自的界面。
示例的应用选择界面702是通过使用多应用环境模块124而呈现的沉浸式用户界面,然而这并不是必需的。呈现的界面可以替代地是基于窗口的,并可通过使用基于窗口的模式模块122而被呈现。这两个模块均图示于图1。
方框210也可以或替代地根据有关所接收的手势的其它因素,而确定把手势传递到不同的实体和/或界面。示例的因素在下面的方法800中更详细地描述。
应当指出,方法200和下文描述的其它方法可以实时地,诸如在正做出和接收手势的同时执行。这尤其准许用户界面响应于要被呈现的手势而在手势结束之前被呈现。而且,用户界面可以在手势被接收的时候渐进地呈现。这允许在手势执行时有从边缘拖拉出用户界面的用户体验,用户界面就好像“粘”在手势上(例如,粘在鼠标指针上或做手势的人的手指上)。
图8描绘用于使能边缘手势的方法800,包括根据手势的某些因素确定要呈现的界面。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100,对它的参考仅仅是用于示例。方法800可以完全地或部分地、与这里描述的其它方法分开地或相结合地动作。
方框802确定在用户界面上做出的手势具有在用户界面的边缘处的起始点和不在边缘内的稍后点。方框802可以类似于方法200的一些方面地操作或使用方法200的一些方面,诸如确定稍后点,使之作为方框802的确定的基础。方框802也可以不同地动作。
在一种情形下,例如,方框802确定手势是单手指划动手势,在已显露的沉浸式用户界面的边缘处起始并且具有不在边缘处的稍后点,但是不基于该手势的角度。根据这个确定,方框802进到方框804,而不是把手势传递到已显露的沉浸式用户界面。
方框804根据手势的一个或多个因素确定要呈现哪个界面。方框804可以根据手势的最后的或中间的长度、手势是单点还是多点(例如,单手指还是多手指手势)、或手势的速度来这样做。因此,方框804例如可以响应于多手指手势而呈现开始菜单,响应于相对较短的单手指手势而呈现应用选择界面,或响应于相对较长的单手指手势而呈现准许选择关断计算设备102的系统控制界面。为了这样做,手势处理机128可以确定手势的长度或输入(例如,手指)的数目。作为响应,方框806呈现所确定的用户界面。
作为例子,假设手势处理机128根据手势的因素来确定呈现使能与操作系统120交互的用户界面。作为响应,系统界面模块126呈现这个用户界面。用户界面的呈现可以以类似于在其它方法中描述的方式,诸如通过图7的应用选择用户界面702的渐进显示来进行。
整体地或部分地遵循方法200和/或方法800,所述技术可以进入到执行图9的方法900。方法900使得能扩展用户界面、呈现另一个界面、或停止呈现响应于边缘手势而呈现的用户界面。
方框902在呈现第二用户界面的至少某部分后,接收手势的相继点。正如以上部分地指出的,方法200和/或800能够呈现或导致呈现第二用户界面,诸如用于与当前用户界面相关联的同一个应用、用于不同的应用、或用于系统用户界面的第二用户界面。
作为例子,考虑图10,图上图示具有触敏显示器1002的膝上型计算机104,触敏显示器1002显示基于窗口的电子邮件界面1004和两个沉浸式界面1006与1008。基于窗口的电子邮件界面1004是与管理电子邮件的应用相关联的,该应用可以是远离膝上型计算机104的或是相对膝上型计算机104本地的。图10还图示了两个手势1010和1012。手势1010沿直线前进,而手势1012反转回来(用两个箭头示出以显示两个方向)。
图11图示手势1010和手势1012,手势1010具有起始点1102、稍后点1104和相继点1106;手势1012具有相同的起始点1102、稍后点1108和第一相继点1110及第二相继点1112。图11还显示底部边缘1114、稍后点区域1116和界面附加区域1118。
方框904根据相继点确定手势是包括反向,还是包括延伸,还是两者都不包括。方框904可以通过确定相继点是处在边缘处或比手势的先前点更接近边缘而确定反向。方框904可以根据相继点离边缘或稍后点有预置的距离而确定手势延伸。如果这些都没有被确定为真,则方法900可以重复进行方框902和904,以接收和分析附加的相继点直至手势结束为止。如果方框904确定有反向,则方法900沿“反向”路径进到方框906。如果方框904确定手势被延伸,则方法900沿“延伸”路径进到方框908。
在本例的上下文中,假设手势处理机128接收手势1012的第一个相继点1110。手势处理机128然后确定第一相继点1110不是处在边缘1114处,也不比手势的先前点更接近边缘1114(例如,不比稍后点1108更接近),并且由于不是在界面附加区域1118内,所以也不是离边缘或稍后点有预置的距离。在这样的情形下,方法900返回到方框902。
在方框902的第二次迭代时,假设手势处理机128接收到第二个相继点1112。在这样的情形下,手势处理机128确定第二相继点1112比第一相继点1110更接近边缘1114,因此,手势1012包括反向。手势处理机128然后进到方框906,以停止呈现先前响应于手势而呈现的第二用户界面。作为例子,考虑图12,图上图示电子邮件处理界面1202。在方框906的这个示例性情形下,手势处理机128使得电子邮件应用响应于手势1012的反向(未显示,已被去除)而停止呈现界面1202。
然而,方框908呈现或导致呈现第三用户界面或扩展第二用户界面。继续正在进行的例子,考虑图13,图上图示响应于手势1010的附加电子邮件选项界面1302,手势1010被确定为具有离边缘1104有预置距离的相继点1106,在这种情形下相继点是处在图11的界面附加区域1118内。这个区域和预置的距离可以根据响应于手势而先前被呈现的用户界面的尺寸而被设置。因此,希望添加附加控件的用户可以仅仅把手势延伸越过响应于手势的早期部分而被呈现的用户界面。
方法900可以重复进行以添加附加用户界面或扩展所呈现的用户界面。返回到图7的示例性界面702,例如,手势处理机128可以在手势308延伸越过界面702时,继续添加界面或向界面702添加控件,诸如通过呈现附加的一组可选择的应用图块来进行。如果手势308延伸越过该附加的图块,则手势处理机128可以使得系统界面模块126靠近所述图块来呈现另一个界面,以使得用户能够选择控件,诸如用以暂停、休眠、切换模式(沉浸式到基于窗口的,以及反过来)、或关断计算设备102。
虽然以上示例性的响应于边缘手势而呈现的用户界面是不透明的,但它们也可以是部分透明的。由于不遮挡内容,这可以是有用的。在以上描述的电影例子中,所呈现的用户界面可以是部分透明的,由此准许在使用用户界面期间电影仅仅被部分地遮挡。同样地,在图12和13的例子中,界面1202和1302可以是部分透明的,由此使得用户能够看见电子邮件的文本而同时也能选择在界面之一上的控件。
正如以上指出的,示例性方法200、800和900处理边缘手势,且它们在方法1400和1700之前先被描述,方法1400和1700处理切换回先前与之交互过的应用。所述方法中的任何一个或多个可以分开地或与所述方法中的其它方法整体或部分地相组合地使用。
 切换回先前与之交互过的应用
图14描绘用于通过使用队列切换回先前与之交互过的应用的方法1400。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框1402保持多个与之交互过的应用的队列,所述队列按照除当前应用之外的、最近最多(most-recently)与之交互过到最近最少(least-recently)与之交互过的应用来排列。例如,考虑图15,图上图示用户与各种应用进行交互的交互次序1502。第一,用户通过它的界面与web搜索应用1504交互。第二,用户通过web浏览器与使能web的媒体应用1506交互。第三,用户通过它的界面与本地(非web)照片应用1508交互。第四,用户通过web浏览器与社交联网应用1510交互。第五,用户返回到与使能web的媒体应用1506交互。第六,用户再次通过web浏览器与使能web的新闻应用1512交互。
对于第一交互,不保持队列,因为在这个第一交互之前没有与其它应用交互。对于交互次序1502中的第二到第六交互,考虑队列1514、1516、1518、1520和1522,它们分别对应于在第一交互后在交互次序1502中的每个交互。队列1514到1522是由应用管理器130保持的应用队列132的示例性迭代,应用管理器130和应用队列132都出自图1。
如图15所示,应用管理器130根据用户的交互而使应用队列132保持为最新。队列1522例如包括媒体应用1506作为最近最多与之交互过的应用,随后是社交联网应用1510、照片应用1508,并以web搜索应用1504结束。因为用户与媒体应用1506交互两次(在第二和第五交互中),所以应用管理器130在第五交互时把它从应用队列132中去除,并对其它应用重新排序,以反映最新的交互次序,但排除当前与之交互的应用。
方框1404接收某个手势或手势部分。这个手势或手势部分可以包括这里在其他地方描述的各种手势或部分中的一个或多个,诸如指针跟踪通过触摸板、鼠标或滚动球接收的运动,或通过运动敏感或触敏机构接收的用手臂、手指或指示笔做出的物理运动。在一些实施例中,手势部分被接收,每个部分是一个手势的组成部分,并且每个均导致在队列中的应用的呈现。这些部分的每个部分可以具有,但不要求具有,在显示器的边缘处的起始点、不在显示器的边缘处的稍后点和在显示器的边缘处的相继点。在这种情形下,具有多个部分的手势将看起来有点像多环螺旋、多个圆或来回(例如,Z字形),其中每个环、每个圆或每个来回起始、离开和回到用户界面或显示器的边缘。任选地,方框1404可以接收许多手势或手势部分。这些手势或手势部分可包括这里在其他地方描述的各种手势或手势部分中的一个或多个。
继续正在进行的实施例,再次考虑图3,图上图示具有触敏显示器302的输入板计算设备106,该触敏显示器302被示为显示包括网页306的沉浸式界面304。对于这个例子,假设沉浸式界面 304与新闻应用1512相关联,以及网页306是来自新闻应用1512的内容。
作为这个例子的一部分,在方框1404,手势处理机128接收手势308(如图3所示),手势处理机128把该手势308传递到应用管理器130。对于正在进行的例子,假设手势308被确定为与切换回先前与之交互过的应用相关联,而不是与某些其它功能或应用相关联。
响应于接收到手势或手势部分,方框1406通过队列进到所述多个与之交互过的应用中的另一个应用。因此,在接收手势或手势部分时,应用管理器130可以进到应用队列132的第一个应用,因此是进到最近最多与之交互过的应用。在一些实施例中,在接收两个手势或部分时,应用管理器130可以进到应用队列132的最近第二多与之交互过的应用,然而,方法1400可以通过如下面描述的那样重复方框1404、1406和/或1408等等而这样做。
继续正在进行的实施例,假设:手势308在第六交互后被接收,在该时间当前与之交互的应用是新闻应用1512,以及应用队列132是最新的,并用图15的队列1522代表。在这样的情形下,在接收手势或手势部分时,应用管理器130进到媒体应用1506。
方框1408呈现与该另一应用相关联的用户界面。在一些实施例中,这个用户界面是先前通过其与应用进行交互的相同的用户界面。在一些实施例中,该用户界面被呈现为缩略图,或是透明地重叠在当前呈现的用户界面上。应用管理器130单独地或与相关联的应用组合地呈现这个用户界面,诸如通过使得相关联的应用呈现用户上次与其进行交互的用户界面。
对于这个例子,应用管理器130在手势308被接收时渐进地呈现对于该应用的用户界面的缩略图像,然后当手势结束时,扩展缩略图,以便包含显示器的可用的不动产(real estate)。应用管理器130由此用另一个界面替代在沉浸式界面304中的网页306,或替代沉浸式界面304,另一个界面可以是沉浸式的或是基于窗口的。
这在图16上用在沉浸式界面 304上呈现的媒体应用1506的用户界面的缩略图像1602和新闻应用1512的网页306来图示。在手势308结束后,缩略图像1602扩展成媒体播放器1604,替代在沉浸式界面 304中的网页306。这仅仅是对于呈现用于选择的应用的用户界面的一个示例方式,对于渐进响应或以别的方式响应的其它方式在这里的其它地方描述。
在一些实施例中,方框1408把当前的用户界面收缩成第二缩略图像,并把第二缩略图像传递到从其渐进呈现首先提到的缩略图像的显示器的某个区域。因此,方框1408把缩略图像1602扩展成媒体播放器1604,而同时把网页306收缩成缩略图像,并把该缩略图传递到从其选择缩略图像1602的边缘。
在方框1408处呈现用户界面期间,可能接收到另一个手势或手势部分,从而返回到方框1404。在一些情形下,在方框1408呈现用户界面的同时,在某个时间量内接收到另一个手势或手势部分。跟随在返回到方框1404之后,方框1406然后可以进到多个与之交互过的应用的再一个或随后的应用。继续这个进展,方框1408然后呈现与多个与之交互过的应用的随后应用相关联的用户界面。
因此,通过重复方框1404、1406和1408,与先前与之交互过的应用相关联的用户界面可以接连地被呈现。在一些情形下,与先前与之交互过的应用相关联的用户界面可以响应于接收到的每个手势而被呈现。在本例的上下文中,当在呈现媒体应用1506的用户界面的同时接收到另一个手势时,与社交联网应用1510(队列1522的第二最近最多与之交互过的应用)相关联的用户界面被呈现。在与社交联网应用1510相关联的用户界面的呈现期间接收再一个手势或手势部分,导致与照片应用1508(队列1522的第三最近最多与之交互过的应用)相关联的用户界面的呈现,等等。
跟随在这种从呈现当前的应用到呈现另一个被选择的在前的应用的切换之后,方框1410响应于与同另一个应用相关联的用户界面的交互,或响应于在这个用户界面的呈现期间过去了一段时间,而更新队列。在一些情形下,可能选择某个在前的应用,然后在它之后快速选择另一个应用,实际上是扫描通过队列中的应用。在这样的情形下,方框1410可以放弃更新队列,因为快速的观看不能被看作为交互。
应用管理器130借其来更新应用队列132的示例的交互包括明确选择与新呈现的界面交互,诸如通过使用在图16的媒体播放器1604的用户界面中显示的控件,来控制回放或编辑有关当前播放的媒体的信息。在其他情形下,交互是根据过去了一段时间而被确定的。例如,假设新闻应用的网页是根据选择被呈现,而不是作为当前的应用被呈现的。在某一时段后,诸如一秒、两秒或三秒,例如,应用管理器130根据用户正在阅读网页上的新闻文章的可能性,确定延迟实际上是交互。类似地,在方框1408中,用于这样的媒体应用的用户界面的呈现也可以被认为是交互,即:该媒体应用正在播放媒体并保持在显示器上,而没有另外地选择应用队列132中的应用。
正如以上部分地指出的,应用队列132可以是圆形的。在这样做时,如果用户到达应用队列132的最近最少与之交互过的应用,应用的选择也不会停止,而是滚动。例如,在选择从社交联网应用1510切换回在前的应用并因此使用队列1518时,向回切换一次导致选择照片应用1508,向回切换两次导致选择媒体应用1506,而向回切换三次导致选择web搜索应用1504。第四次选择向回切换,以循环方式返回到再次导致呈现照片应用1508。
方法1400描述其中所述技术可使能选择先前与之交互过的应用和根据队列确定呈现哪个应用的各种方式。方法1700可以结合方法1400和这里描述的其他方法来操作,然而不要求使用队列。所以,方法1400不打算限制如在示例性方法1700中描述的技术。
图17描绘可能使用或可能不使用队列的、用于切换回先前与之交互过的应用的方法1700。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100、方法200、800、900、1400以及以上描述的示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框1702使得能通过在与当前应用相关联的当前用户界面上做出的手势而选择先前与之交互过的应用。方框1702可以以上面描述的各种方式这样做,仅仅举一个例子,诸如用边缘手势或边缘手势的一部分。
方框1704响应于接收到手势和没有另外的选择,而呈现与先前与之交互过的应用相关联的先前的用户界面。
例如,假设手势的一部分是与在前应用的选择相关联地被接收的,诸如边缘手势在当前用户界面的边缘处起始,并从边缘近似垂直地前进离开。作为响应,方框1704呈现对于先前与之交互过的应用的用户界面,或该界面的缩略图像,或者选择已被成功地做出的某个指示符连同被选择的应用或界面的指示符。
示例的缩略图像或指示符包括图7的可选择的应用图块 704、706、708和710的任何一个,其中的某些包括界面的缩略图像,而其它的则指示所选择的应用。另一个例子是图16的缩略图像1602。
方框1704呈现如图16在媒体播放器1604处所示的、所选择的先前与之交互过的应用的用户界面。在这样做时,方框1704可以通过沉浸式界面 304使得能与照片应用1508交互,而不用另外的选择。因此,用户在用小到一个手势选择在前的应用以后,就可以进行交互而不需要做出另外的选择。用户不需要选择例如退出应用选择模式,或者使所呈现的界面是“活的(live)”或首要的,或者在堆栈的顶部。简言之,所述技术使得能用单个输入选择在前的应用并且与该在前的应用进一步交互。
在图16的这个例子中,紧接在媒体播放器1604被呈现并替代网页306后,到沉浸式界面304的下一个输入被立即传递到照片应用1508。因此,轻击、热键或其它输入被直接传递到照片应用1508,由此使得能由照片应用1508对输入进行立即响应。
在一些实施例中,在当前用户界面上做出的手势包括多个部分,每个部分指示对在前应用的选择。在这样的情形下,方框1704响应于第一部分而呈现先前的用户界面,然后,响应于方框1702接收到手势的第二部分,呈现与更先前与之交互过的应用相关联的更先前的用户界面等等。
这在图18上图示,图上呈现图16的沉浸式界面 304(为了视觉清晰起见,被显示两次),以及方框1704可以用以响应于多个手势或单个手势的一些部分的方式。图18分别图示两个渐进的呈现1802和1804,以及具有两个手势部分1806-1和1806-2的手势1806。第一个渐进的呈现1802图示从沉浸式界面304的左边缘对缩略图像1602的拖动,并从而图示对先前与之交互过的照片应用1508的选择。应当指出,缩略图像1602“粘”到手势部分1806-1。还应当指出,不像图3和16的手势308,手势1806返回到左边缘。作为响应,不是手势308结束以及媒体播放器1604替代网页306,而是手势1806的手势部分1806-1返回到它开始时的边缘。在这种情形下,缩略图像1602随着手势部分1806-1被渐进显示,但然后当手势部分1806-1返回到边缘时消失。
手势1806继续进行第二部分1806-2。作为响应,方框1704呈现第二个渐进的呈现1804,图示从沉浸式界面304的左边缘的第二次拖动。这里,更在前的应用,即社交联网应用1510的社交网络缩略图像1808被渐进呈现。作为第二部分1806-2的组成部分,手势1806返回到左边缘。作为响应,当手势部分1806-2返回到边缘时,方框1704渐渐减少缩略图像1808。这仅仅是所述技术用以使得用户仅仅用单个手势就能够选择和观看在前的应用,甚至是全部的先前与之交互过的应用的方式的一个例子。在这个例子中的任何点,手势1806均可以结束或指示选择去呈现对于所选择的应用的完整用户界面,在这时,方框1704呈现该用户界面(例如,图16的媒体播放器1604或对于社交联网应用的完整用户界面)。
正如上面指出的,示例性方法200、800和900处理边缘手势,且它们在方法1400和1700之前被描述,方法1400和1700处理切换回先前与之交互过的应用,它们进而又是在方法1900和2200之前被描述的。所述方法的任何一个或多个可以完整地或部分地,与所述方法中的其它方法分开地或相结合地使用。
管理沉浸式界面
图19描绘使能多应用环境的方法1900,其包括响应于单个选择而改变多个沉浸式界面的尺寸。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框1902使得能选择去改变在多应用环境中显示的第一应用的第一沉浸式界面的第一尺寸,在该多应用环境中第二应用的第二沉浸式界面以第二尺寸显示。
方框1902可以使得能以如上所述的各种方式进行这种选择,诸如用手势,仅仅举几个例子,无论其是通过手势敏感的显示器或跟踪板或鼠标做出的,还是利用硬件按钮或热键做出的。
作为例子,考虑以下情形,其中方框1902通过手势敏感显示器、在多应用环境的沉浸式界面之间的界面间隔物区域的选择-并-移动手势而使能进行选择-并-移动手势选择。这个例子被图示于图20,图上图示具有触敏显示器2002的台式计算设备112,该触敏显示器2002被示为正显示多应用环境2004。多应用环境2004包括用沉浸式界面间隔物2010分开的较大的沉浸式界面2006和较小的沉浸式界面2008。较大的沉浸式界面2006与文字处理应用相关联,且呈现文档内容2012。较小的沉浸式界面2008与软件绘图应用相关联,且呈现绘图内容2014。作为正在进行的例子的一部分,在方框1902,管理器134接收如图20所示的手势2016,其用箭头显示,但省略了输入施动者(例如,手指或指示笔)。
方框1904响应于改变第一沉浸式界面的第一尺寸的选择,而改变第一沉浸式界面的第一尺寸和第二沉浸式界面的第二尺寸。因此,方框1904可以响应于少到一个选择而改变多个沉浸式界面的尺寸。而且,方框1904可以同时地和不遮挡任一个界面地这样做。
作为例子,考虑图20的正在进行的例子。响应于界面间隔物区域2010的选择-并-移动手势2016,管理器134减小一个界面,而同时增加另一个界面,这里增加较小的沉浸式界面2008,并同时减小较大的沉浸式界面2006。这种改变的结果在图21上被图示为已改变的较小的沉浸式界面2102和已改变的较大的沉浸式界面2104。界面间隔物区域2010的在前位置被显示在在前位置2106处。还应当指出,选择-并-移动手势2016在界面间隔物区域2010的在前位置2106处起始,并在界面间隔物区域2010的最后位置2108处结束。
应当指出,在本例中,在改变沉浸式界面的尺寸之前和之后,多应用环境2004全部由沉浸式界面占用,没有未使用的不动产,或是由用于管理沉浸式界面的可见的控件遮蔽的不动产。
这个特定的例子图示所述技术用以准许用户选择沉浸式界面的尺寸的一种方式,这里是增加由绘图应用呈现的图。
所述技术也准许用户“抓住(snap)”沉浸式界面,以自动填充多应用环境2004的预定的区域。通过这样做,可以使用对用户而言是快速和容易的手势和其它选择。而且,这些区域可以具有跨多个设备的预定的尺寸,由此准许应用开发者为该区域尺寸做准备。这对于较小的区域尺寸是特别有用的,因为较小的尺寸对于以用户友好的方式呈现而言常常更具有挑战性。再次考虑图20,例如,图上图示预定的小区域宽度2018,这里具有320个像素的宽度。在本例中,显示了三个区域,其中两个是从属的,因为它们被包括在一个完全区域内。这些区域具有如下的宽度:宽度2018和剩余部分宽度2020用于两个从属区域,以及完全区域的完全宽度2022,其全都出自多应用环境2004。应当指出,剩余部分宽度2020可以跨显示器而变化,完全宽度2022也可以这样。
方框1902还可以使得能通过沉浸式界面之一的、从一个区域到另一个区域的拖放手势进行选择。在这样的情形下,方框1904可以在区域之间切换界面或自动移动间隔物(例如,图20的沉浸式界面间隔物2010),以使得最终得到的尺寸被切换。通过这样做,管理器134将较大的沉浸式界面2006自动减小到完全占用先前由较小的沉浸式界面2008占用的区域,且反之亦然。
在一些情形下,改变界面尺寸的选择是通过边缘手势而使能的。例如,考虑在较大的沉浸式界面2006的边缘处起始、且具有不在该较大的沉浸式界面2006的边缘处的稍后点的边缘手势。管理器134单独地或结合手势处理机128和/或应用管理器130一起,把较大的沉浸式界面2006收缩成减小尺寸的图像。对调整界面2006尺寸的选择于是可以通过将该减小尺寸的图像放落在较小的沉浸式界面2008上而被执行。作为响应,管理器134调整两个界面的尺寸。
方法1900描述使能多应用环境的各种方式,包括响应于单个选择而改变多个沉浸式界面的尺寸。方法2200可以结合方法1900和这里描述的其它方法来操作,然而不要求使用队列。因此,方法1900不打算限制如在示例性方法2200中描述的技术。
图22描绘用于在某个区域中显示应用的沉浸式界面的方法2200,包括响应于少到一个选择和以完全占用该区域的尺寸来进行。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100、方法200、800、900、1400、1700和1900、以及上面描述的示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框2202使得能选择在多应用环境的多个区域之一中显示应用的沉浸式界面,该多应用环境正显示一个或多个当前应用的一个或多个当前的沉浸式界面。方框2202可以以上面描述的各种方式这样做,仅仅举一个例子,诸如用边缘手势或边缘手势的一部分来进行。此外,所选择的应用可以是以各种方式确定的先前与之交互过的应用,诸如由应用管理器130使用应用队列132确定,应用管理器130和应用队列132都出自图1。
在方框2202,多应用沉浸式界面可以呈现一个、两个或甚至三个当前的沉浸式界面。因此,方框2202准许选择应用来放置在当前被占用的区域或者虽然存在但被较大的沉浸式界面占用的区域中,诸如在其中一个沉浸式界面完全占用多应用环境的情形下。
作为例子,考虑图23,图上图示占用多应用环境2304的当前的沉浸式界面2302。这里要指出的是,有三个从属区域2306、2308和2310。这些区域可以被指明或不指明。在其中应用已被选择并在区域之一上悬停或移动的情形下,该区域可以用部分透明的沉浸式界面间隔物2312和2314指明。这三个从属区域2306、2308和2310被包括在占用几乎全部的多应用环境2304的完全尺寸区域2316内。
作为例子,假设管理器134接收按照方法1700选择的、并遵循图18所图示例子的先前与之交互过的应用。在这样的情形下,假设用于社交联网应用1510的缩略图像1808被选择,并且在区域2306上悬停(未示出但类似于图18)。作为响应,管理器134通过显示部分地透明的沉浸式界面间隔物2312而指示区域2306被选择或将要被选择、以及指示区域2306的尺寸。
回到方法2200,方框2204响应于选择在该区域中显示沉浸式界面,而以完全占用该区域的尺寸显示该沉浸式界面。应当指出,用户通过对于应用的小到一个选择,可以选择和以完全占用被选区域的尺寸呈现沉浸式界面。
继续这个例子,考虑图24,图上图示多应用环境2304,但现在带有减小尺寸的沉浸式界面2402,而不是图23的当前的沉浸式界面2302,以及带有第二沉浸式界面2404,其显示用于图15的社交联网应用1510的社交联网网页2406。第二沉浸式界面2404完全占用区域2306,且没有除该区域的选择之外的其它用户选择。
应当指出,在减小尺寸的沉浸式界面2402中的内容和社交联网网页2406的安排都被改变。可以更快速地做出尺寸改变,或允许更好的内容安排应用和/或允许那些应用的开发者提前具有这些区域尺寸,这些区域尺寸被所述技术提供为预定的区域宽度。这里,所提供的预定的区域宽度是区域2306,然而也可以提供全宽度区域2408。
跟随在方框2204之后,方法2200可以重复方框2202和2204,由此使得能选择附加的沉浸式界面。例如,管理器134可以使得能选择第三沉浸式界面以用于在图23的区域2310或2308中呈现。响应于这样的选择,管理器134缩小该减小尺寸的沉浸式界面2402的尺寸,或替换该减小尺寸的沉浸式界面2402。
应当指出,这些方法中的任何方法均可以整体地或部分地被组合。因此,某个手势部分例如可被使用来选择沉浸式界面,而相同手势的另一个部分选择去安置沉浸式界面和/或给沉浸式界面定尺寸。响应于这单个手势,所述技术可以对多应用环境中当前呈现的多个界面调整尺寸。
用于管理多应用环境的用户界面
图25描绘用于通过用户界面管理多应用环境的方法2500。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框2502使得能选择用于管理多应用环境的用户界面。用户界面的选择可以以各种方式做出,包括上面描述的那些方式,仅仅举几个例子,诸如用手势或手势的一部分、硬件按钮或热键、或话音命令。在选择之前,用户界面可以被完全显示、部分显示或根本不显示。例如,考虑其中多应用环境被显示而用户界面没有被显示的情景。这样的情景的例子被图示于图26,图上显示填充以多应用环境2602的显示器2600。多应用环境2602包括首要区域2604和非首要区域2606,二者都呈现来自应用136的各种内容。应当指出,非首要区域2606包括两个非首要分段2608和2610,每一个都可被使用来互相并行地、以及与首要区域2604的内容并行地呈现内容。在这个例子中,来自三个应用的内容被并行地呈现:来自社交联网网站的内容2612、来自新闻网站的内容2614和来自本地文档观看应用的内容2616。
这里,图1的管理器134使得能用非可视选择器,诸如热键或手势(例如,对多应用环境302的右边缘做出的边缘手势)来选择用户界面。然而,在某些其它情形下,管理器134使得能通过所显示的可选控件来进行选择。
方框2504响应于这个选择而显示用户界面。用户界面可以是沉浸式用户界面,或是半透明的重叠,以使得能进行进一步选择。通过这个用户界面,方框2506使得能选择应用来用于在多应用环境中的并行呈现。
这个用户界面使得用户能够管理多应用环境,然而它可以以各种方式使能这一点。用户界面例如可以使得用户能够诸如通过选择与应用相关联的或代表应用的标签,而把应用呈现到用户界面和/或环境、去除应用或将应用设置为缺省的。用户界面可以使得用户能够选择对于要在用户界面中呈现的应用的首选项,总体地改变环境,或切换到非多应用环境。而且,用户界面可以根据各种准则来呈现供选择的应用,诸如被计算设备102的用户最新近使用的或最经常使用的那些应用、以及应用是否当前正在执行。再者,用户界面可以呈现关于应用的一组常见的系统命令,诸如使能搜索命令、共享内容或改变设置的用户界面。
继续正在进行的例子,假设:管理器134通过在显示器2600的触摸屏上做出的手势而接收到对于呈现用户界面的选择。作为响应,管理器134呈现在图27所图示的用户界面管理菜单2700,通过该菜单使得能够选择应用。这个示例的用户界面管理菜单2700呈现用于九个应用的图标和/或名称。这九个应用包括各种网站、服务和本地计算应用,它们分别在2702、2704、2706、2708、2710、2712、2714、2716和2718处被命名为“Social Net(社交网)”、“News.com”、“PDFs”、“Telecon”、“Music.com”、“Movies.com”、“Poker.com”、“Art Space(艺术空间)”和“Maps by GPS(通过GPS的地图)”。正如指出的,其它应用(诸如关于系统命令的那些应用)也可以由管理器134呈现。作为例子,考虑系统命令2719,其被显示为用户界面管理菜单2700的第十个应用,名称为“Search Share Settings(搜索共享设置)”。
在这个特定的例子中,两个应用2702和2704被“钉住(pinned)”。以2720和2722显示的大头针图标指示:应用2702和2704将被保持在多应用环境2602和用户界面管理菜单2700之一或二者中(这里它指示二者)。因此,“Social Net”和“News.com”应用将在环境2602的某个部分内执行和呈现内容,而不用由用户进一步选择(分别在分段2608和2610中显示)。应当指出,对所保持的(“钉住的”)应用的选择可以由管理器134以各种方式使能,诸如通过用户界面管理菜单2700呈现钉住选择图标2724以用于选择应用2702-2718的任一个。正如指出的,任何的可选择的应用可能是或可能不是当前正执行的,在这种情形下,应用2702、2704、2706和2708正在执行,而应用2710-2718不是当前正在执行的。
用户界面管理菜单2700也可以根据其它准则,诸如用户的历史来呈现应用。例如,应用2706、2708、2710和2712根据它们是由计算设备102的用户最近使用的四个应用(除了2702和2704以外)而被呈现。应用2714、2716和2718根据它们是除去应用2702-2712之外最经常被使用的应用而被呈现。在其它情形下,应用可以根据与可得到的应用(例如,新的电子邮件、消息或RSS 馈送)相关联的新内容而被呈现,或者在接收到对于应用的其它警告时被呈现。
再者,用户界面管理菜单2700使得用户除了管理应用以外还能够管理多应用环境2602,诸如通过窗口选择图标2726来进行。通过这个选择,管理器134允许用户选择退出多应用环境2602,和通过使用基于窗口的环境继续进行当前呈现的内容。
回到方法2500,方框2508响应于选择一个或多个应用,使得所选择的应用的内容与不同应用的内容的呈现在多应用环境中并行地呈现。
方法2500可以接收多个选择。响应于这多个选择,方框2508促使每个被选择的应用的内容在多应用环境中呈现。在这样的情形下,管理器134可以顺次地呈现来自每个被选择的应用的内容或者同时呈现。在一个顺次的情形下,考虑以上的例子,但假设应用2706在方框2506的在前迭代中被选择,且响应于这个选择,管理器134呈现应用2706的内容2616(如图26和27所示)。在应用2706的这个选择之后,执行方框2506和2508的随后的迭代。应用的顺次呈现是由管理器134至少通过方框2506和2508的附加迭代而使能的,用从方框2508到方框2506的虚线显示为潜在地重复。
作为多应用环境中的沉浸式界面的桌面
图28描绘使得能把基于窗口的桌面显示为在多应用环境内的沉浸式界面的方法2800。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框2802将桌面显示为在多应用环境内的沉浸式界面。像这里在其它地方描述的那些多应用环境一样,该多应用环境被配置成支持对多个应用的访问。因此,用户可以通过与某个应用(或多个应用,如果多个应用包括该桌面上的界面)相关联的界面看见内容,并通过所述界面而与该应用交互,所有这些都是通过多应用环境来进行的。
方框2804使得能与桌面沉浸式界面进行交互。这种交互可以是与被使能用于其它界面的交互同时发生的。而且,这种交互可以是通过多应用环境,并且也分别包括基于窗口和基于桌面的控件,诸如窗口框架控件和任务条。
与图1的操作系统120分开地或相结合地动作的基于窗口的模式模块122和多应用环境模块124,例如可以把桌面沉浸式界面作为应用136之一对待,以及把窗口和任务条等等作为应用用户界面138的各种例子对待。
作为例子,考虑图29,图上图示输入板计算设备106,其具有显示基于窗口的界面2904和任务条2906的桌面沉浸式界面2902,以及显示内容2910的沉浸式界面2908,它们全部在多应用环境2912内。仅仅举几个例子,桌面沉浸式界面2902还可以包括可在桌面沉浸式界面2902内执行的应用的代表(例如,图标),以及用来支持计算设备102的分级文件结构的文件夹的代表。
而且,在桌面沉浸式界面2902内提供的功能性的表现可以不同于在多应用环境2912内的其它界面,诸如对基于窗口的界面来说常见的那些。
方框2806响应于交互,把交互提供到桌面沉浸式界面内的应用。在一些情形下,这包括把手势或手势部分传递到在桌面沉浸式界面内具有界面的应用,诸如传递到操作系统120以用于与任务条2906交互,或传递到与基于窗口的界面2904之一相关联的应用。在其他情形下,这可包括把键击传递到基于窗口的界面2904的首要的(例如,在前面的)窗口。在这样做时,所述技术准许用户与对于桌面、基于窗口的环境来说常见的应用和界面接洽,同时也准许与沉浸式界面的交互和多应用环境的其它操作。
桌面沉浸式界面可以以类似于或等同于这里在其他地方描述的那样的方式进行管理。例如,边缘手势可被使用来对桌面沉浸式界面(诸如桌面沉浸式界面2902)进行选择、移动或定尺寸。而且,桌面沉浸式界面可以表现为作为应用队列的一部分的单个应用,因此可以从多应用环境中被选择或被去除,正如上面对于其它界面指出的。
多应用环境
上面描述的技术和装置使能多应用环境的许多不同的实施例,包括具有一个界面但准许附加的界面、全都是沉浸式的多个界面、作为沉浸式界面和基于窗口的界面的混合的多个界面、以及被作为沉浸式界面对待的桌面等等的环境。在一些实施例中,这些多应用环境使得能为系统和应用选择各种菜单或附加的界面,以用于提供附加控件。在另外的其它实施例中,这些多应用环境使能借以管理应用和界面的手势。
图30描绘使能多应用环境的内容呈现和/或管理的方法3000。在以下的讨论的一些部分中,可以参考图1的系统100以及这里在其它地方描述的其它方法和示例性实施例,对它们的参考仅仅是用于示例。
方框3002在多应用环境内呈现与多个应用相关联的多个界面,所述多个界面的至少一个界面是沉浸式界面。
正如这里在其他地方指出的,多应用环境可以呈现不同界面的各种组合。例如,考虑具有至少一个沉浸式界面的多应用环境,如在图3、7、10、12、16、18、20、23、24、26、27和29的每个图上显示的。这些示例的多应用环境被按次序描述。
图3图示具有单个沉浸式界面304的多应用环境。图7图示具有图3的单个沉浸式界面连同应用选择界面702的多应用环境。图10图示具有基于窗口的电子邮件界面1004和两个沉浸式界面1006和1008的多应用环境。图12图示图10的多应用环境连同使能附加控件的界面—电子邮件处理界面1202。图16图示响应于手势选择而从网页306切换到媒体播放器1604的多应用环境。图18图示具有沉浸式界面304和两个其它界面(一个沉浸式的和另一个基于窗口的)的缩略图像1602、1808的多应用环境。图20图示具有两个沉浸式界面的多应用环境,较大的沉浸式界面2006和较小的沉浸式界面2008由沉浸式界面间隔物2010分隔开。图23图示具有当前的沉浸式界面2302和区域2306及2310的多应用环境,在区域2306及2310中另外的界面可以被抓住以便完全占用。图24图示具有第二沉浸式界面2404的图23的多应用环境,其中界面2404显示用于图15的社交联网应用1510的社交联网网页2406。图26图示通过三个沉浸式界面来呈现内容的多应用环境,所述三个沉浸式界面一个在首要区域2604中,而另外两个在非首要区域2606中。图27图示图26的多应用环境连同用户界面管理菜单2700。图29图示具有显示基于窗口的界面2904和任务条2906的桌面沉浸式界面2902以及显示内容2910的沉浸式界面2908的多应用环境2912。
方框3004通过多个界面中的至少一个界面呈现内容。内容被示为在上面描述的许多图中显示,诸如被播放的媒体、社交联网网页、新闻网站文章和文字处理的文档。被显示的内容从各种源被接收,诸如应用136,其可能已生成该内容或已从远端源接收该内容(例如,在web浏览器应用的情形下,从远端提供者接收内容)。
应当指出,许多提到的图显示内容被同时呈现。多应用环境可以在一个界面上呈现运动的可视的媒体,诸如电影,而同时在另一个界面上呈现具有媒体幻灯片的网页,二者都是实时的。而且,多应用环境使得能与多个界面交互,而不一定需要初始的选择。因此,用户可以选择一个界面或另一个界面,而不必如在基于窗口的环境中可能的那样,首先选择非首要的或未在堆栈顶部的界面。
方框3006使得能选择去改变在多应用环境中的尺寸或位置,或者从多应用环境中去除多个界面的至少一个界面。方框3006可以以这里在其他地方描述的各种方式动作,诸如使得能选择去通过拖放手势把界面从多应用环境的一个区域移动到另一个区域。
方框3008响应于接收到所述选择,改变所选择的界面的尺寸、改变所选择的界面的位置、或从多应用环境中去除所选择的界面。对多应用环境中的界面的尺寸和位置的示例性改变被显示于图23和24。图23图示多应用环境2304,其首先具有当前的沉浸式界面2302,然后具有减小尺寸的沉浸式界面2402,并且带有显示社交联网网页2406的第二沉浸式界面2404。
方框3010响应于相同的选择,改变在多应用环境中的另一个界面的尺寸或位置。这也被显示于图23和24。虽然未示出,但多应用环境模块124通过调整多应用环境中的其它界面(们)的尺寸和/或对其重新定位来响应某个界面被去除。假设其中多应用环境2304包括图24的两个界面2402和2404的情形。响应于选择去除第二沉浸式界面2402,多应用环境模块124返回到如图23所示的多应用环境2304,它仅仅包括当前的沉浸式界面2302。应当指出,当前的沉浸式界面2302大于第二沉浸式界面2404,并且它占用第二沉浸式界面2404的区域。
前面的讨论描述了其中所述技术管理多应用环境中的沉浸式界面的一些方法、使得能切换回先前与之交互过的应用的某些其它方法、描述所述技术借以使能和/或使用边缘手势的方式的另一些其它方法、描述所述技术借以使能和/或使用桌面作为沉浸式界面的方式的另外的方法、以及使得能进行多应用环境的内容呈现和/或管理的方法。这些方法被显示为成组的方框,其规定所执行的操作但不一定局限于所显示的、由各个方框执行操作的次序。而且,这些方法可以整体地或部分地被组合起来使用。
这些方法的一些方面可以以硬件(例如,固定逻辑电路)、固件、芯片上的系统(SoC)、软件、人工处理或它们的任何组合来实施。软件实现代表当其被计算机处理器执行时完成所规定的任务的程序代码,诸如软件、应用、例行程序、程序、对象、构件、数据结构、过程、模块、函数等等。程序代码可被存储在对于计算机处理器是本地的和/或远程的一个或多个计算机可读存储器设备。所述方法还可以由多个计算设备在分布式计算环境中实践。
示例性设备
图31图示示例性设备3100的各个部件,示例性设备3100可被实施为参照前面的图1-31描述的任何类型的客户端、服务器和/或计算设备,用来实施使能和使用边缘手势、切换回先前与之交互过的应用、和/或管理在多应用环境中的沉浸式界面的技术。在实施例中,设备3100可被实施为有线和/或无线设备之一或组合,被实施为以下的形式:电视客户端设备(例如,电视机顶盒、数字视频记录器(DVR)等等)、消费者设备、计算机设备、服务器设备、便携式计算机设备、用户设备、通信设备、视频处理和/或再现设备、电器设备、游戏设备、电子设备和/或实施为另外类型的设备。设备3100也可以与操作该设备的用户(例如个人)和/或实体相关联,使得设备描述了包括用户、软件、固件和/或设备的组合的逻辑设备。
设备3100包括通信设备3102,其使得能够进行设备数据3104(例如,接收的数据、正在被接收的数据、被调度用于广播的数据、数据的数据分组等等)的有线和/或无线通信。设备数据3104或其它设备内容可包括设备的配置设置、被存储在设备上的媒体内容和/或与设备的用户相关联的信息。被存储在设备3100上的媒体内容可包括任何类型的音频、视频和/或图像数据。设备3100包括一个或多个数据输入3106,可以经由其接收任何类型的数据、媒体内容和/或输入,诸如用户可选择的输入、消息、音乐、电视媒体内容、记录的视频内容以及从任何内容和/或数据源接收的任何其它类型的音频、视频和/或图像数据。
设备3100还包括通信接口3108,其可被实施为串行和/或并行接口、无线接口、任何类型的网络接口、调制解调器的任何一个或多个,以及被实施为任何其它类型的通信接口。通信接口3108提供在设备3100与通信网之间的连接和/或通信链路,其它电子、计算和通信设备可以经由其与设备3100传送数据。
设备3100包括一个或多个处理器3110(例如,任何的微处理器、控制器等等),其处理各种计算机可执行的指令,以控制设备3100的操作和使能那些使能多应用环境的技术。替换地或附加地,设备3100可以用硬件、固件或固定的逻辑电路的任一项或组合来实施,固定的逻辑电路结合总的以3112标识的处理及控制电路来实施。虽然未示出,但设备3100可包括系统总线或数据传送系统,它耦合设备内的各种部件。系统总线可包括不同的总线结构的任一项或组合,所述总线结构诸如是存储器总线或存储器控制器、外围总线、通用串行总线和/或利用各种各样总线体系结构中的任何总线体系结构的处理器或本地总线。
设备3100还包括计算机可读的存储介质3114,诸如使能永久和/或非瞬态数据存储(即,与仅仅信号传输相反)的一个或多个存储器设备,它们的例子包括随机存取存储器(RAM)、非易失性存储器(例如,只读存储器(ROM)、快闪存储器、EPROM、EEPROM等等中的任何一个或多个)和盘存储装置。盘存储装置可被实施为任何类型的磁或光存储装置,诸如硬盘驱动机、可记录的和/或可重写的紧凑盘(CD)、任何类型的数字多功能盘(DVD)等等。设备3100还可包括大容量存储介质装置3116。
计算机可读的存储介质3114提供数据存储机构,用来存储设备数据3104,以及各种设备应用3118和任何其他类型的、涉及到设备3100的操作方面的信息和/或数据。例如,操作系统3120可以通过计算机可读的存储介质3114被保持为计算机应用,并在处理器3110上执行。设备应用3118可包括设备管理器,诸如任何形式的控制应用、软件应用、信号处理及控制模块、对于特定设备的本机的代码、用于特定设备的硬件抽象层等等。
设备应用3118还包括用来实施所述技术的任何系统部件或模块,诸如设备应用3118包括多应用环境模块124、系统界面模块126、手势处理机128、应用管理器130、管理器134和应用(们)136。
结论
虽然使能多应用环境的技术和装置的实施例是以特定于特征和/或方法的语言描述的,但应当理解,所附权利要求的主题不是必然地局限于所描述的特定的特征或方法。而是,特定的特征和方法是作为使能多应用环境的示例性实现而被公开的。 

Claims (10)

1.一种计算机实施的方法,包括: 
使得能选择在具有包括两个从属区域的完全尺寸区域的多应用环境中显示用于在该多应用环境中显示的应用;以及
响应于所述选择,在所述完全尺寸区域或所述两个从属区域之一内显示与该应用相关联的界面。
2.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述完全尺寸区域完全占用该多应用环境。
3.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中显示所述界面是显示完全占用所述完全尺寸区域或所述两个从属区域之一的界面。
4.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述完全尺寸区域在接收所述选择之前由用于当前应用的当前界面占用,所述选择指示选择所述完全尺寸区域,以及显示所述界面是用该界面替换该当前界面。
5.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述完全尺寸区域在接收所述选择之前由用于当前应用的当前界面占用,所述选择指示选择所述两个从属区域之一,以及显示所述界面是在所述两个从属区域之一中显示该界面,并且还包括在所述两个从属区域的另一个从属区域中显示该当前界面。
6.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述选择是具有在该多应用环境的边缘处的起始点和不在该边缘处的随后点的手势。
7.如权利要求6中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述手势具有在所述从属区域之一中的相继点,以及显示所述界面是根据该相继点而在所述从属区域之一中显示该界面。
8.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述多应用环境完全占用显示器。
9.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,其中所述多应用环境不包括具有控件的窗口框架。
10.如权利要求1中描述的计算机实施的方法,还包括:
使得能选择去显示另一个应用;以及
响应于选择,在该多应用环境的所述两个从属区域中的一个从属区域内显示与该另一个应用相关联的另一个界面,并完全填充该从属区域。
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