CN1882460A - Device for the classification of seat occupancy - Google Patents
Device for the classification of seat occupancy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1882460A CN1882460A CNA2004800340192A CN200480034019A CN1882460A CN 1882460 A CN1882460 A CN 1882460A CN A2004800340192 A CNA2004800340192 A CN A2004800340192A CN 200480034019 A CN200480034019 A CN 200480034019A CN 1882460 A CN1882460 A CN 1882460A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sensing layer
- pressure
- electrical characteristics
- carrier sheet
- seat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
- B60R21/01532—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electric or capacitive field sensors
Abstract
A seat occupancy sensor (12) comprises a sensing layer (14) associated to a seating surface of a seat, which has at least one electrical property varying locally in response to a pressure and/or deformation applied to said sensing layer (14). The device further comprises a plurality of electrodes (18) associated to said sensing layer (14) at a periphery of a sensing area, and a control unit (20) connected to said electrodes (18), said control unit (20) comprising means for evaluating a pressure profile acting on said sensing layer (14) by determining said at least one electrical property between pairs of electrodes (18) selected from said plurality of electrodes. The invention also relates to a method for the detection of seat occupancy comprising the steps of: c) determining said at least one electrical property of said sensing layer (14) between pairs of different locations situated at a periphery of a sensing area, and d) evaluating a pressure profile acting on said sensing layer (14) based on the determined electrical property values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of classification of seat occupancy.The present invention relates more particularly to a kind of device that is used for assessing the pressure outline that acts on the vehicle seat surface, and described pressure outline is applicable in the sorting algorithm.
Background technology
In order to protect passenger's life, modern vehicle is the fit protection system that comprises several air bags and seatbelt prestension device that disposes generally during traffic accident, and they are used for absorbing passenger's let-loose energy during the collision that accident causes.Obviously, this protection system is the most effective when they are suitable for the particular demands of actual seat occupancy well.Why Here it is has designed the protection system that microprocessor is controlled; this system provides several operational modes, as the function of passenger's stature on the seat, allows for example to adapt to the moment of airbag deployment; the volume of airbag inflation, the moment that the back safety strap that expands discharges etc.In order to make control microprocessor select best operational mode to given seat occupancy state, certainly be necessary to survey the parameter of one or more description seat occupancy states and seizure condition is divided into the wherein a kind of of several kinds, the every kind all specific run pattern with constrained system is relevant.
Be used for passenger-seat and take the record of a kind of known technology of classification based on pressure outline, described pressure outline by the people of seat occupied or object effect on the seat.Usually by comprising the pressure sensing mat record of row's individual pressure sensors, these pressure sensors are connected to the surface of taking of seat to this pressure outline at the several position place.Pressure sensor comprises pressure sensitive resistor, that is, the resistance of these pressure sensors changes along with being applied to the pressure on the sensor.Therefore, the resistance value reading of single pressure sensor has provided the pressure indication that acts on each unit and correspondingly can be relevant with effect weight on the seat.In addition, the distribution of the force value on the seat surface can be relevant with the size and the form of people who takies seat or object.Distinct methods based on the classification of seat occupancy of the Several Parameters that extracts from the pressure outline of record is for example disclosed in International Application No. WO-A-99/38731, WO-A-03/016100 and WO-A-03/023335.
Disclose a kind of representative type seat occupancy sensor in document DE-A-42 37 072, it can be used for surveying seat occupancy.This is suitable for writing down and acts on seat and take the sensor that takies of lip-deep pressure outline and comprise a plurality of independently pressure sensors, and these pressure sensors are arranged in a row and at the several position place and are associated with the surface of taking of seat.Independently pressure sensor is formed on two carrier sheets and by the band that these carrier sheets are made and interconnects.These carrier sheet bands also carry lead, and these leads are necessary with the described independently pressure sensor of suitable configuration electrical interconnection.
This configuration of typical case's seat occupancy sensor causes sensor mat and interconnection band because production need have more complicated design, should prevent the intersection of electrical lead.Obviously, index increases this problem along with the quantity of the standalone sensor unit of sensor mat.Therefore, the quantity of the independent pressure unit in the classification seat occupancy sensor is subjected to the restriction of sensor mat design constraint.
Obviously, the quantity limitation of standalone sensor has formed the restriction of sensing space resolution, and this may reduce the application of these sensors.In fact, for can be based on the passenger that classifies of the pressure outline on the seat, preferably will be with high geometric resolution record pressure outline.For isolate the correct characteristic of passenger's classification, just have only the pressure outline of this high geometric resolution can guarantee the high reliability of pressure outline pattern analysis.
Therefore, for occupant classification, preferably use to have than the more seat occupancy detector of high spatial resolution of seat occupancy sensor mat of classifying.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved seat occupancy detector.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of device that is used for surveying seat occupancy, comprise with seat and take the sensing layer that the surface is associated that described sensing layer makes its at least one electrical characteristics in response to the pressure that is applied to described sensing layer and/or distortion and localized variation.Except described sensing layer, described device also comprises a plurality of electrodes that are associated with described sensing layer at the peripheral place of sensing unit, with the control unit that is connected to described electrode, described control unit comprises by determining to be selected from several in described a plurality of electrode assesses the device that acts on the pressure outline on the described sensing layer to described at least one electrical characteristics between the electrode.
Compare with known seat occupancy sensor mat, device of the present invention is determined based on the electrical characteristics of the sensing layer localized variation that covers described device sensing unit.The peripheral place of sensing unit be connected to sensing layer several to electrode between this localized variation of perception electrical characteristics.Many by measuring to the electrical characteristics between the electrode, can write down the two-dimensional silhouette of electrical characteristics, it is relevant with seat passenger's 2D pressure outline in the seat.This pressure outline can be used for sorting algorithm subsequently seizure condition is categorized as a kind of relative specific airbag deployment pattern class.
Should be noted that the spatial resolution of this device or geometric resolution mainly promptly determine by the geometric electrode density at the peripheral place of sensing unit by the quantity and the green phase adjacency pair distance between electrodes of several different measurings to electrical characteristics between the electrode.This shows that for the high resolution records pressure outline, preferably provide the electrode of a lot of quantity, these electrodes preferably are arranged in the sensing unit periphery equidistantly.
Should be appreciated that the electrode of this device that is used for surveying seat occupancy is peripheral related with sensing layer at sensing unit.Therefore, it is inner and therefore in order to make electrode touch controls unit not need the electric wire of somewhat complex design that these electrodes do not need to be arranged in sensing unit.The maximum quantity of the electrode that therefore, is provided is not applicable to that the design constraint of classification pressure sensing mat limits.
Therefore, with respect to the classification detector, the geometric resolution of detector of the present invention can easily increase, so the seat occupancy detector can be to occupant classification optimization.This has caused pressure outline to produce better pictures and has caused the seat occupant classification to be improved significantly.
This shows that passenger's detector of the present invention can significantly increase the geometric resolution that pressure outline is determined in the automotive seat.This increase of geometric resolution does not have complicated sensor design good.On the contrary, because electrode only is arranged in periphery, sensor senses district, even reduced sensor design work.In addition, the simple designs of this detector has reduced the development time of seat occupancy sensing device, because integration problem, that is, sensor design and specific seat design-calculated adapt to, and are significantly reduced.
Should be appreciated that, the present invention also designs a kind of method that is used for surveying seat occupancy, described method adopts with seat and takes the sensing layer that the surface links to each other, described sensing layer has at least a in response to the pressure that is applied to described sensing layer and/or distortion and the electrical characteristics that change, and described method comprises the steps:
A) determine sensing unit peripheral several to the described sensing layer between the diverse location described at least a electrical characteristics and
B) assess the pressure outline that acts on the described sensing layer based on the electrical characteristics value of determining.
The assessment of pressure outline preferably realizes based on the two-dimensional silhouette of sensing layer electrical characteristics.These two dimension electrical characteristics distribute and preferably obtain by the tomographic imaging method, and described like this control unit preferably includes the device that utilizes the tomographic imaging method to assess described pressure outline.
Described method comprises and for example applies voltage to first electrode and measure one or more voltage or electric currents that generally are positioned at the electrode at the opposite place of first electrode subsequently.Then, a plurality of electrodes are repeated this operation continuously to obtain the observed reading in a plurality of zones of described sensing layer.Handling these observed readings then distributes to draw electrical characteristics in sensing layer.Then, this electrical characteristics distribute with act on sensing layer on pressure outline relevant.
Electrical characteristics in the research should be preferably with the applied pressure even variation, and the relation between electrical characteristics and the pressure is preferably described by simple equation.In a preferred embodiment, to such an extent as to sensing layer so designs electrical characteristics and the pressure of local action on sensing layer is proportional.
These electrical characteristics can for example comprise the impedance of described sensing layer.If control unit is operated with dc voltage, then at least a electrical characteristics comprise the resistance or the conductivity of described sensing layer.Electrical impedance tomography photography EIT (impedance here can be resistance or electric capacity) or resistance tomography ERT are based on the technology of the classical tomography X that has used at present imaging of medical since 1971.The principle of this tomography X can expand to any simple physical parameter (impedance, specific inductance capacity, resistance, electric capacity, optical parameter, the viscosity that flows, microwave attenuation or the like) that is applicable to 2D or 3D imaging.All these methods belong to the non-intruding test approaches.
Based on ERT, can be used as the 2D pressure sensor with any homogeneous resistive layer of local proportional its resistance of change of pressure/distortion.Similarly, combine and can be used as the 2D pressure sensor with the EIT that the pressure/ratio of being deformed into changes any homogeneous impedance layer of its impedance.
In a possible embodiment, sensing layer can comprise elastomeric material, and described elastomeric material has the interior impedance that changes according to material deformation.In different embodiment, sensing layer comprises foamed materials, and described foamed materials has the interior impedance that changes according to material deformation.This foamed materials can for example comprise the foamed materials of seat insert.In this case, the foamed materials of seat insert has constituted the sensing layer of seat occupancy detector.
In alternative, sensing layer comprises first carrier sheet, and it has at least one surface that is covered by resistance material; With second carrier sheet, it has at least one surface, and described surface comprises a plurality of zones that covered by conductor material.Described first and second carrier sheets are by interval insulant arrangement spaced from each other, and the described area surface that is covered by conductor material of described like this second carrier sheet is to the described resistance material coating of described first carrier sheet.
Described resistance material can be applied to, adheres to or deposit on described first carrier sheet.Yet in a preferred embodiment, described resistance material is printed on described at least one surface of described first carrier sheet.Equally, described conductor material can be applied to, adheres to or deposit on described second carrier sheet.Yet in a preferred embodiment, described conductor material is printed on described at least one surface of described second carrier sheet.
Preferably, described interval insulant comprises adhesives, and described adhesives is arranged in a plurality of localized areas between described first and second carrier sheets.In a preferred embodiment, described interval insulant comprises the adhesives that can print, and described adhesives is printed in a plurality of localized areas on one of them described carrier sheet.
Should be noted that described sensing layer also can comprise the combination of one or more above-mentioned different embodiment.Should also be noted that sensing layer of the present invention can be incorporated in the seat foam, is incorporated in the seat fringing, is incorporated between seat foam and the seat fringing or even is incorporated under the seat foam.
Description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawings, according to following non-restrictive example, the present invention will be more apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the birds-eye view of the seat with seat occupancy detector embodiment;
Fig. 2 has illustrated the sensing layer change in electrical characteristics as the function of exerting pressure;
Fig. 3 has illustrated the method for measurement of pressure outline assessment;
Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of sensing layer with birds-eye view and cutaway view.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows the birds-eye view of the seat 10 that is equipped with seat occupancy detector 12 embodiment.Seat occupancy detector 12 generally comprises with seat and takes surface 16 sensing layers that are associated 14.The sensing layer 14 of homogeneous has at least a electrical characteristics, resistance for example, and these electrical characteristics depend on the compressive deformation of sensing layer 14.
In the edge of the sensing unit periphery that limits sensing layer, sensing layer 14 is equipped with a plurality of electrodes 18.Electrode 18 is along the longitudinal edge of sensing layer 14 and along the transverse edge disposed at equal distance.
Should be noted that in the illustrated embodiment electrode 18 is along the whole length distribution at each edge.It should be understood, however, that other embodiment that do not have electrode to be arranged in the sensing layer corner also are possible.In addition, have rectangular shape though should be noted that the sensing layer shown in Fig. 1, the sensing layer of other shapes also is possible, and is for example oval or circular or be specially adapted for specific any other form of taking the surface.
Different electrodes is connected to the control unit 20 of the tomography method that utilizes the reconstruct of 2D pressure outline by electric conductor 22.Electric conductor 22 (for the simplification of figure, Fig. 1 only shows several in them) does not extend through the sensing unit of sensing layer 14, but can be simply along each edge placement in sensing layer 14 peripheries.Thereby this layout has been avoided the somewhat complex design of lead and has been reduced the development time of seat occupancy detector 12.
Preferably, sensing layer 14 so design so that the electrical characteristics in the research for example resistance along with the applied pressure even variation.This means that the lower ohm gauge in part in any zone of sensing layer is shown in separately the zone acts on pressure higher on the sensing layer 14.Electrical characteristics and act on this pass between the pressure on the sensing layer 14 by passenger 22 and tie up among Fig. 2 schematically illustratedly, it shows the electrical characteristics curve corresponding to the seat occupancy state shown in Fig. 2 top in the bottom.
Control unit comprises by determining for example to be selected from several devices that act on the pressure outline on the sensing layer 14 that resistance between the electrode 18 is assessed in described a plurality of electrode 18.Preferably, the assessment of pressure outline 24 realizes based on the two-dimensional silhouette of sensing layer 14 electrical characteristics.This two dimension electrical characteristics profile preferably obtains by the tomographic imaging method of Fig. 3 example.
This method comprises and for example applies voltage to first electrode of transverse edge and subsequently longitudinally to receiving electrode place measuring voltage or electric current.Then, transversely the edge repeats this operation to obtain the observed reading 26 of more than 14 horizontal adjacent areas of sensing layer continuously to all electrodes.Equally, longitudinally the electrode at edge is by continuous drive and obtain the vertically observed readings 28 of adjacent areas of sensing layer more than 14.
Then, handling observed reading 26 and 28 distributes to draw electrical characteristics in sensing layer.Then, this electrical characteristics distribute with act on sensing layer on pressure outline relevant.
Used along the horizontal and vertical scanning of sensing layer 14 though should be noted that the method that illustrates, by selecting any other right electrode around pressure sensing layer simply, other direction of scanning also is possible.
As mentioned above, pressure sensing layer 14 comprises having the local pressure that applies with passenger 22 and the local material that changes electrical characteristics (resistance or conductivity).The embodiment (top of Fig. 4 shows cutaway view, and the bottom shows several elements of arranging on one of them carrier sheet) of suitable multilayer material has been shown among Fig. 4.
This multilayer material comprises by first carrier sheet 30 of interval insulant 34 arrangements spaced from each other and second carrier sheet 32.First carrier sheet 30 comprises i.e. a plurality of zones in the face of covering with conductor material 36 on the surface of second carrier sheet 32, a plurality of surfaces within it.Conductor material can for example be printed to the spot or the island of little localization on the inside face of first carrier sheet 30.
The inside face of second carrier sheet 32 promptly is coated with resistance material equably in the face of the surface of first carrier sheet 30.Two carrier sheets 30 and 32 are arranged to like this, make described first carrier sheet 30 be coated with described resistance material 38 coatings of the area surface of conductor material 36 to described second carrier sheet 32.In response to the pressure on the multilayer material that acts on formation like this, first and second carrier sheets are used in force together in the zone of sensing layer at masterpiece.If pressure surpasses specific pressure threshold, then conductive island 36 pressurizeds contact with resistance material 38, and the resistance that passes resistive layer 38 like this will reduce.
Should be noted that the surface density of island 34 at interval and the mechanical sensitivity that thickness has partly been determined pressure/sensory perceptual system.Resistance difference between conductor material and the resistance material has partly been determined the resistance operating range.At last, the surface density of conductive island 36 has been determined the sensitivity of pressure capsule system.The spatial resolution of pressure sensing layer 14 depends on the two surface density of at interval island and conductance island.Therefore, by regulating each above-mentioned parameter simply, the characteristic of sensing layer can be regulated in very large scope.
Should be noted that interval insulant preferably includes the adhesives that can print, it is used for two carrier sheets are stacked in together.This adhesives that can print preferably is being printed on first carrier sheet before the carrier sheet lamination with conductive island.The bottom of Fig. 4 shows conductance island and the interval island that distributes on thin slice 30 before two carrier sheet assemblings.
Reference numerals list
10 seats
12 seat occupancy sniffers
14 sensing layers
16 take the surface
18 electrodes
20 control units
22 electric conductors
24 pressure outlines
26 observed readings
28 observed readings
30 first carrier sheets
32 second carrier sheets
34 interval insulants
36 conductor materials
38 resistance materials
Claims (13)
1, a kind of device that is used for surveying seat occupancy comprises:
Take the sensing layer that the surface is associated with seat, described sensing layer has at least a in response to the pressure that is applied to described sensing layer and/or distortion and the electrical characteristics that change,
A plurality of electrodes, described electrode be associated with described sensing layer at the peripheral place of sensing unit and
Be connected to the control unit of described electrode, described control unit comprises by determining to be selected from several in described a plurality of electrode assesses the device that acts on the pressure outline on the described sensing layer to described at least one electrical characteristics between the electrode.
2, device according to claim 1, wherein said control unit comprise the device that utilizes the tomographic imaging method to assess described pressure outline.
3, device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said at least a electrical characteristics comprise the impedance of described sensing layer.
4, according to each described device among the claim 1-3, wherein said at least a electrical characteristics comprise the resistance or the conductivity of described sensing layer.
5, according to each described device among the claim 1-4, wherein said sensing layer comprises elastomeric material, and described elastomeric material has the interior impedance that changes according to material deformation.
6, according to each described device among the claim 1-5, wherein said sensing layer comprises foamed materials, and described foamed materials has the interior impedance that changes according to material deformation.
7, according to each described device among the claim 1-6, wherein said sensing layer comprises:
First carrier sheet, it has at least one surface that is covered by resistance material,
Second carrier sheet, it has at least one surface, and described surface comprises a plurality of zones that covered by conductor material,
Described first and second carrier sheets are by interval insulant arrangement spaced from each other, and the described area surface that is covered by conductor material of described like this second carrier sheet is to the described resistance material coating of described first carrier sheet.
8, device according to claim 7, wherein said resistance material are printed on described at least one surface of described first carrier sheet.
9, according to each described device among the claim 7-8, wherein said conductor material is printed in described zone on described at least one surface of described second carrier sheet.
10, according to each described device among the claim 7-9, wherein said interval insulant comprises adhesives, and described adhesives is arranged in a plurality of localized areas between described first and second carrier sheets.
11, according to each described device among the claim 7-10, wherein said interval insulant comprises the adhesives that can print, and described adhesives is printed in a plurality of localized areas on one of them described carrier sheet.
12, a kind of method that is used for surveying seat occupancy, described method adopts and takes the sensing layer that the surface is associated with seat, described sensing layer has at least a in response to the pressure that is applied to described sensing layer and/or distortion and the electrical characteristics that change, and described method comprises the steps:
A) determine sensing unit peripheral several to the described sensing layer between the diverse location described at least a electrical characteristics and
B) assess the pressure outline that acts on the described sensing layer based on determined electrical characteristics value.
13, method according to claim 12, the step of the described pressure outline of wherein said assessment is used the tomographic imaging method.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03104744.2 | 2003-12-17 | ||
| EP03104744A EP1544048A1 (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Device for the classification of seat occupancy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1882460A true CN1882460A (en) | 2006-12-20 |
Family
ID=34486393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004800340192A Pending CN1882460A (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2004-12-15 | Device for the classification of seat occupancy |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070144273A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1544048A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007514946A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1882460A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602004006894T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005058653A1 (en) |
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- 2004-12-15 WO PCT/EP2004/053509 patent/WO2005058653A1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 2004-12-15 JP JP2006544443A patent/JP2007514946A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070144273A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
| DE602004006894T2 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
| EP1694535B1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
| JP2007514946A (en) | 2007-06-07 |
| EP1544048A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
| EP1694535A1 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| DE602004006894D1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| WO2005058653A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
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