US7797269B2 - Method and apparatus using a context sensitive dictionary - Google Patents
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- US7797269B2 US7797269B2 US11/693,112 US69311207A US7797269B2 US 7797269 B2 US7797269 B2 US 7797269B2 US 69311207 A US69311207 A US 69311207A US 7797269 B2 US7797269 B2 US 7797269B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
- G06F3/023—Arrangements for converting discrete items of information into a coded form, e.g. arrangements for interpreting keyboard generated codes as alphanumeric codes, operand codes or instruction codes
- G06F3/0233—Character input methods
- G06F3/0237—Character input methods using prediction or retrieval techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
- G06F40/20—Natural language analysis
- G06F40/274—Converting codes to words; Guess-ahead of partial word inputs
Definitions
- the disclosed embodiments relates to methods for using a context sensitive predictive text dictionary in a portable apparatus, a rendering application, a portable apparatus comprising a display and means for navigating, and a computer-readable medium having computer-executable components.
- SMS short message service
- e-mail e-mail
- instant messaging etc.
- One popular way of communicating these text messages is by using some kind of handheld communication device such as a mobile phone, a PDA, a palmtop computer, etc.
- entering text messages into these handheld communication devices is often a cumbersome work.
- computing and communication devices such as personal computers, palmtop computers, and some mobile phones have been equipped with a full QWERTY keyboard for alphanumeric text entry
- computing and communication apparatuses such as mobile phones, PDAs, and PDTs
- Entering text into computing and communication apparatuses with a limited or no keyboard can be done in several ways. If the apparatus have no keyboard or keys the text can be entered by either writing the text on a special surface, e.g.
- the predictive text system uses a predictive text dictionary to “intelligently guess” which character(s) or word(s) the user is about to enter.
- the predictive text dictionary essentially contains a list of character strings, words, acronyms, abbreviations, etc. that is used to predict which word that is being entered by the user.
- the predictive text system may then select the best match(es), i.e. making a priority list of matching words, based on information about word frequency in the used language or word frequency in the users idiolect.
- a portable apparatus comprising:
- a method for a portable apparatus comprising enabling said portable apparatus for character input, comparing inputted characters with words in a list, prioritizing and listing matches of said comparison in a priority list depending on current context, displaying said priority list, enabling selection from said displayed priority list, enabling updating of said list depending on current context.
- the method may comprise a list being a context sensitive predictive text dictionary.
- the method may comprise acquiring a dictionary for use in said updating of said list.
- the method may comprise a context sensitive predictive text dictionary comprised of at least one dictionary.
- the method may comprise communicating, by wire or wirelessly, with an external server via a network for acquiring said dictionary.
- the method may comprise storing said dictionary(ies) via said network and retrieving said dictionary from said external server.
- a rendering application for a portable apparatus comprising a display and navigation means where the application causing enabling of said portable apparatus for character input, comparing inputted characters with words in a list, prioritizing and listing matches of said comparison in a priority list depending on current context, displaying said priority list, enabling selection from said displayed priority list, and enabling updating of said list depending on current context.
- an apparatus comprising a display and a comparator arranged to receive a user input, wherein the user input comprise at least one character input, and to compare inputted characters with words in a list.
- a processor arranged to priorities and list matches of an output of said comparator in a priority list depending on current context, wherein said display is arranged to, under control of said processor to display said priority list, and wherein said user input selection from said displayed priority list, wherein said processor is arranged to update said list depending on current context based on said selection.
- a computer-readable medium having computer-executable components comprising instructions for enabling said portable apparatus for character input, comparing inputted characters with words in a list, prioritizing and listing matches of said comparison in a priority list depending on current context, displaying said priority list, enabling selection from said displayed priority list, and enabling updating of said list depending on current context.
- a system comprising an apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention, and a dictionary server arranged to provide the associated dictionary for downloading.
- the system may comprise a communications network, wherein the dictionary server and the apparatus is in communication via the communications network.
- a user interface comprising
- a display and an input receiver, wherein said user interface is arranged to enable said portable apparatus for text input where said inputted characters are compared with words in a list and matches of said comparison are listed in a priority list, and to display said priority list in said display.
- a renderer should be interpreted as a functional block applicable to any communication device, such as a mobile phone, capable of performing at least one of the following tasks; receiving, comparing, prioritizing, listing, enabling, and updating.
- FIG. 1 shows a mobile communication apparatus according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart describing a common character input process using a predictive text dictionary
- FIG. 3 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus
- FIG. 4 shows a flow chart describing a character input process using an context sensitive predictive text dictionary
- FIG. 5 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 7 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 8 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 9 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 10 shows a display view of a handheld communication apparatus exemplifying an embodiment
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a system according to an embodiment
- FIG. 12 illustrates a computer readable medium according to an embodiment
- FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary user interface of the disclosed embodiments.
- the predictive text systems does not compensate for changes in the users physical and social context.
- a person moves daily in and out of different physical and social context and the vocabulary used in these context may vary quite a lot.
- This change in vocabulary will also affect the vocabulary used when communicating via text messages in a mobile communication apparatus.
- the vocabulary used is often more formal than when engaged in some activity with close friends.
- new social context such as joining a club
- the same change in vocabulary happens when traveling, going on sport events, or when moving to a new and unfamiliar place where the customs and the culture is different.
- the predictive text dictionary reflects the changes in context and support the user in these circumstances by giving the user relevant and correct prioritized suggestions when communicating via text messages.
- FIG. 1 shows a mobile communication apparatus 100 comprising a display 102 and means 104 for navigating among items (not shown) displayed in a display area 102 .
- the navigation means 104 can be a rotating input, a joystick, a touch pad, but can also be implemented using a touch sensitive display, wherein the displayed items directly can be tapped by a user for selection, or be voice activated via a headset or a built-in microphone.
- the mobile communication apparatus can also comprise other elements normally present in such an apparatus, such as a keypad 106 , a speaker 108 , a microphone 110 , a processor (not shown), a memory (not shown), etc.
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart illustrating a common process of entering text in a handheld communication device, such as a mobile phone, with a predictive text system 200 .
- the alphanumerical characters can be entered 202 using a stylus, writing or tapping the characters on the screen or on a dedicated area of the apparatus, or by using all or some of the keys on the handheld communication apparatuses full or limited keyboard.
- the last entered alphanumerical character is compared 212 with a predetermined and/or user configurable end-character such as a for example a ‘space’ character. If the entered 202 alphanumeric character is an end-character 212 the input of that specific character, group of characters, word, phrase, slang, abbreviation, etc. (hereinafter referred to as a word) is complete, and the text entry ends 214 . If the user continues to enter alphanumerical characters after the end-character, i.e. begins to input a new word, the process restarts 201 , else the user have entered all the words to complete a message and terminates the input process.
- a predetermined and/or user configurable end-character such as a for example a ‘space’ character.
- the character entry is continued and the alphanumeric character, either by itself or in combination with other previous added characters forming a word or a part of a word, are compared in 204 with characters, words, phrases, abbreviations, slang, etc. stored in a predictive text dictionary 206 . If one or several, complete or partial, matches between an entered word(s) 202 and words in the dictionary 206 are detected, they are made available, e.g. displayed on the screen of the handheld communication apparatus as a list of suggestions, to the user 208 . If several matches are found they are displayed in the suggestions list. The user is then able to choose any of the available words from the displayed suggestions list using the navigation means 104 mentioned in conjunction with FIG. 1 .
- the character input process is continued 202 regardless of if the user chooses a word from the displayed list or continues to input characters. The input process continuous until an ‘end character’ is detected 212 or the character input is terminated by the user.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a common display view in a handheld communication apparatus 300 , running a predictive text system, comprising a general status indication section 302 , a softkey bar 306 and a general display area 304 .
- the general status indication section 302 can for example include symbols for battery status, reception quality, speaker on/off, present mode, clock time, etc.
- the status indication section is not in any way limited to only include these symbols. Thus, other symbols in any shape, form, or color can occur.
- the softkey bar 306 situated at the bottom of the display view, is operable using the navigation means 104 mentioned in conjunction with FIG. 1 .
- the functions of these softkeys are not limited by the functions indicated in the figure.
- the preferred function of the general display area 304 residing between the status indication section 302 at the top and the softkey bar 306 at the bottom, is to display information from running applications in the handheld communication apparatus.
- the display area 304 also comprise a scroll bar 308 , a suggestion list 314 , inputted characters 310 , and a cursor 312 showing where next character, word, phrase, abbreviation, etc. can be inputted.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of how a common predictive text system, such as described in FIG. 2 , operates.
- a user has entered the characters ‘D’ and ‘e’ 310 which together with a cursor 312 is shown at the top of the display views display area 304 .
- the last entered character is ‘e’ which in this case is not an end-character.
- the two characters ‘D’ and ‘e’ forms the word ‘De’ which is compared against the words and the letter combinations stored in the predictive text dictionary. Several matches are found and they are displayed to the user in a suggestion list 314 .
- the displayed suggestions are ‘De’, ‘Fe’, and ‘Dear’ where ‘De’ is rated the most likely word (highest priority) and therefore displayed first in the list.
- ‘Fe’ is rated second most likely (priority 2 ) and ‘Dear’ rated third most likely (priority 3 ). Since the user in this example wants to enter the word ‘Dear’, the user have to navigated amongst the suggestions down to the suggestion ‘Dear’, indicated by the black cursor bar 316 . The user selects ‘Dear’ by operating ‘Select’ in the softmenu and ‘De’ is replaced by ‘Dear’ 318 as shown in the figure. The user can continue to enter characters, for example a ‘s’ to complete the word ‘Dears’ or enter a ‘space’, indicating that the word is complete and a new word is going to be entered, thus restarting the inputting and prediction process as described in conjunction with FIG. 2 .
- a common predictive text system as the one depicted in FIG. 2 and exemplified in FIG. 3 suffers from the problems discussed in the above section describing the background of the invention.
- the predictive text system in FIG. 2 will not compensate for changes in the users context.
- FIG. 4 shows a flow chart illustrating an embodiment comprising a process of entering text in a handheld communication device, such as a mobile phone, with a context sensitive predictive text system 400 .
- the alphanumerical characters can be entered 402 using a stylus, writing or tapping the characters on the screen or a dedicated area of the apparatus, or by using all or some of the keys on the handheld communication apparatuses full or limited keyboard.
- the last entered alphanumerical character is compared 404 with a predetermined or user configurable end-character such as for example a ‘space’ character. If the entered 402 alphanumeric character is an end-character 412 the input of that specific character, characters, word, phrase, slang, abbreviation, etc. is completed and the text entry is ended 414 . If the user continues to enter alphanumerical characters after the end-character, i.e. begins to input a new word, the process restarts 401 , else the user have entered all the words to complete a message and terminates the input process.
- a predetermined or user configurable end-character such as for example a ‘space’ character.
- the character entry is continued and the alphanumeric character, either by itself or in combination with other previous added characters forming a word or a part of a word, are compared in 404 with characters, words, phrases, abbreviations, slang, etc. stored in the context sensitive predictive text dictionary 406 .
- Suggestions displayed in the suggestion list 408 can also be highlighted in different way to signal to the user that the specific suggestion differs in some way from other suggestions. Words can also be prioritized differently depending in what context the user currently is in. These measures will speed-up the selection process considerably since the user does not have to navigate a long suggestions list 408 to find the correct word. Optimally the wanted word is always displayed at the top of the suggestion list. The user is then able to choose any of the available words from the displayed suggestions list using the navigation means 104 mentioned in conjunction with FIG. 1 .
- the text input process is continued 402 regardless of if the user chooses a word from the displayed suggestion list 408 or just continues to input new characters 402 . The input process continuous until an ‘end character’ is detected 412 or the text entry is terminated by the user.
- the context sensitive predictive text dictionary 406 is adaptive meaning that the content of the dictionary is subject for continuous updating and adaptation 416 depending on the current context.
- New context-based dictionaries can be downloaded by the user or done automatically and can either be added to, replacing, or merged (resulting in the union of both) 416 with the context sensitive predictive text dictionary currently active. For instance, when a user enters a nightclub the handheld communication device automatically downloads a small context based dictionary, which is added to the active context sensitive predictive text dictionary. When the user tries to text a friend, or the person attending the bar to order a drink, new words will appear in the suggestion list belonging to the nightclub context.
- the handheld device 500 in FIG. 5 may have, depending on available storage, one or more dictionaries stored 504 and operating in the devices memory 502 at one time. If the storage size in the device is large, a standard dictionary 503 (hereinafter called a full dictionary) together with several smaller customized context based dictionaries 504 can be stored in the device at the same time. If the storage size is small, a reduced full dictionary or only one or more customized dictionaries 504 may be stored at the same time in the device. If the storage size is small it is important that the dictionary in the device is tailored to the user so no unnecessary words (i.e. words never or seldom used by the user) in the dictionary take up valuable storage space.
- a standard dictionary 503 hereinafter called a full dictionary
- a reduced full dictionary or only one or more customized dictionaries 504 may be stored at the same time in the device. If the storage size is small it is important that the dictionary in the device is tailored to the user so no unnecessary words (i.e. words never or seldom used by the user) in the dictionary
- the full dictionary 503 stores a multitude of character combinations and words from every possible subject while a custom context based dictionary focus on just one or a few particular areas.
- a custom context based dictionary 504 can for instance be a dictionary with words connected with a membership of a club or a dictionary comprising sponsored words used in marketing product.
- Context based dictionaries can also be customized to comprise words not appropriate (e.g. swear words), special interests (e.g. bird watching, computing, sports, beer, etc.), time and date, age group, recipient (e.g. friend, grandmother, co-worker, etc.).
- a dictionary can be set to expire at a certain point in time, when the user changes context, when the mobile communication apparatus becomes active (turned off), turns into sleep mode, turns into screensaver mode, when an application is terminated, an SMS, email or other text application is ended, etc. It can also be set to expire after a certain amount of time, on a specific date, or after running a certain application a specific number of times, or when the memory is full and another dictionary downloaded to the device. This avoids that the dictionary becomes irrelevant or stale.
- the internally stored dictionaries 502 can if wanted, be in constant change depending on the users change in context etc. To be able to safely store and to migrate the dictionaries to other handheld communication devices the dictionaries can be sent 506 to an external storage for safekeeping. This will also save precious internal storage 502 in the handheld communication device since not all custom dictionaries are needed to be stored internally.
- FIG. 6 shows a display view 600 exemplifying an embodiment of the invention.
- a user have entered a text message saying ‘Do you want to go out and grab a bee’ 602 .
- the User wants to enter the word ‘beer’, thus entering the character ‘r’ to complete the word. Since the user is a new and proud member of the local beer club he or she has not yet learned that the club have a ‘code’ stating ‘ . . . to honor our locally produced beer, members should never ever refer to our locally produced beer as just beer, a member should always refer to it with its name Duff or Duff beer . . . ’.
- the user downloaded a customized context based predictive text dictionary to his or hers mobile communication apparatus when joining the beer club, so when the user enters the character ‘r’ completing the word ‘beer’ the context sensitive predictive text dictionary immediately replaces the word ‘beer’ with the locally produced beer name ‘Duff’ 606 .
- the context sensitive predictive text dictionary immediately replaces the word ‘beer’ with the locally produced beer name ‘Duff’ 606 .
- FIG. 7 shows another aspect of the disclosed embodiments.
- Context sensitive predictive text dictionaries can also be used commercially. If for instance a user have a sponsored mobile communication apparatus or a sponsored communication subscription, context based dictionaries can (in some cases automatically) be downloaded which replaces certain words with the name of a commercial product i.e. a sort of product placement or advertising.
- a user, with a sponsored subscription is shopping shoelaces, for his or hers sneakers, in a sports store and have entered, as shown in the display view 700 in FIG. 7 , ‘I bought new shoelaces to my shoe’ 702 , and are going to enter the character ‘s’ thus completing the word ‘shoes’.
- FIG. 8 shows a variation of the embodiment presented in FIG. 7 .
- the sponsored word ‘Adidas’ 806 is inserted before the word ‘shoes’ 804 , which as in FIG. 7 triggered the insertion of the sponsored word.
- FIG. 9 shows a display view 900 exemplifying an embodiment of the invention.
- the user have entered ‘I bought new laces to my sh’ 902 in a text messages and the context sensitive predictive text dictionary suggests to the user, in a suggestion list 904 , the words ‘shoes’, ‘sneakers’, and ‘Reebok’.
- An ordinary predictive text system would have suggested i.e. the words ‘shoes’ and ‘shirt’ since a common predictive text dictionary do not consider the context.
- a context-based dictionary was downloaded the same instance the user walked into the shoe store, in this case a sports shoe store.
- the two first suggested words in the suggestion list 904 are the two most likely words the user wants to enter depending on the context.
- the third word ‘Reebok’ 908 in the suggestion list 904 is in this example a sponsored word.
- the sponsored word ‘Reebok’ 908 in the suggestions list 904 are highlighted to indicate that it is a sponsored word.
- a sponsor may in an embodiment also be able to purchase a position higher on the suggestion list (e.g. a higher priority).
- FIG. 10 shows a display view 1000 exemplifying another embodiment of the invention.
- the user have entered ‘I bought new laces to my sh’ 1002 in a text messages and the context sensitive predictive text dictionary suggests to the user, in a suggestion list 1004 , the words ‘Adidas’, ‘Puma’, ‘Reebok’, and ‘shoes’.
- a suggestion list 1004 the words ‘Adidas’, ‘Puma’, ‘Reebok’, and ‘shoes’.
- several sport shoes manufacturer have purchased positions in the suggestion list 1004 .
- the manufacturers sponsored words are shown in a suggestion list before regular and not sponsored words.
- context based dictionaries can be used in many different contexts such as by fan clubs, replacing the name of the admired person by his nick name, sport clubs, new product lines replaces equipment words, traveling, replacing descriptive words (e.g. the tomb) with the native or local name (e.g. Cheops pyramid), etc.
- a system architecture for managing a system is shown in FIG. 11 .
- a Home Location Register (HLR) 1102 contains a database (not shown) including relevant subscriber information for provision of telecommunication service.
- a CCITT specified network 1104 interconnects the individual parts of the system 1100 .
- a dictionary gateway 1106 is a switching unit routing a requested dictionary to a mobile communication apparatus 1108 - 1112 .
- An Dictionary Service Center 1114 (DSC) and the dictionary gateway 1106 handles and routes the dictionaries between the DSC 1114 and the network 1104 .
- DSC Dictionary Service Center
- the dictionaries are routed to the mobile communication apparatuses 1108 - 1112 via a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) 1116 to a Base Station Controller (BSC) 1117 and a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 1120 , 1121 , or a Radio Network Controller (RNC) 1118 and a Node B 1122 .
- the dictionaries are routed to the mobile communication apparatuses 1108 - 1112 via a Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) 1126 , 1128 to the BSC 1117 and the BTS 1120 , 1121 , or the RNC 1118 and the Node B 1122 , respectively.
- the BTS 1120 , 1121 or the Node B 1122 establishes the air connection to the mobile communication apparatuses 1108 - 1112 .
- a network operator or other third party company for example the provider of the application, handling a dictionary server 1124 could offer a dictionary service function where dictionaries associated with certain applications can be purchased.
- a network operator may have a dictionary server 1124 supporting a feature where the user may send a dictionary request from his mobile communication apparatus 1108 - 1112 to the dictionary server 1124 upon using a certain application of the mobile communication apparatus, e.g. a gaming or messaging application.
- the invention can be computer-implemented, i.e. the media handling is performed on a general or dedicated computerized apparatus 1201 , such as a personal computer, a mobile phone, a digital camera, a personal digital assistant, a media player, or other similar apparatus. Instructions for performing the invention can then be executed by the apparatus. These instructions can be loaded into the apparatus 1201 from a computer-readable medium 1202 , as exemplary illustrated in FIG. 12 , having a data structure stored.
- the data structure comprises the control instructions, which upon execution causes the apparatus to perform any of the disclosed embodiments as described above.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a user interface (UI) 1301 in a portable apparatus having an input interface 1302 , which as described in above embodiments can be actuated by a user, and a display interface 1304 for displaying information to the user as described in the above embodiments.
- UI user interface
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