CN104964461A - Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber - Google Patents

Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104964461A
CN104964461A CN201510346504.3A CN201510346504A CN104964461A CN 104964461 A CN104964461 A CN 104964461A CN 201510346504 A CN201510346504 A CN 201510346504A CN 104964461 A CN104964461 A CN 104964461A
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cavity
valve
gas
heat
heat absorber
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CN201510346504.3A
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CN104964461B (en
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王跃社
胡甜
魏进家
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber, and belongs to the technical field of light-condensation solar thermal power generation devices. The heat absorber comprises a gas supplying unit, a heat exchanging unit and a cavity. The gas supplying unit comprises a CO2 gas storage tank connected with the cavity, a gas pump is further arranged on a pipeline connected with the cavity, a first valve is arranged at an exhausting opening of the CO2 gas storage tank, and a second valve is arranged at a gas inlet of the cavity. The heat exchanging unit comprises a heat exchanger connected with the cavity, the heat exchanger is communicated with an exhausting pipeline of the CO2 gas storage tank through a bypass pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline. An air discharging valve and a CO2 gas discharging valve are arranged at the top of the cavity. Greenhouse gas is sufficiently utilized, a novel utilization mode which saves energy and reduces emissions is adopted, and the heat absorber is reasonable in structural arrangement and easy to obtain and has broad application prospects.

Description

A kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber
Technical field
The invention belongs to Photospot solar thermal electric generator technical field, be specifically related to a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber of improvement.
Background technology
Due to the continuous consumption of fossil fuel and the raising of national environmental protection consciousness, solar energy thermal-power-generating causes the focus in the whole world.Current light collection solar generation technology (CSP) mainly contains tower, slot type and dish-style heat generating three kinds, wherein tower-type solar thermal power generating system focuses on than high because of it, can realize extensive generating and generating efficiency advantages of higher and be subject to domestic and international extensive concern.The general principle of tower-type solar thermal power generating system utilizes heliostat matrix by solar focusing to being placed in high aerial heat dump, the working media radiations heat energy absorbed in heat dump produces high temperature and high pressure steam thus the generating of driving steam turbine group, thus solar energy is converted to electric energy.
In tower-type solar thermal power generating system, heat dump is the photothermal conversion device that a kind of centering focuses on high tower (solar tower) top, its major function is the heat energy high concentration ratio solar energy after beam condensing unit (heliostat array) focusing being converted into the heat-absorbing medium (water/steam, fuse salt etc.) flowing through the heat-absorbent surface (tube bank) be arranged on heat dump, and thus heat dump performance determines the hot generating efficiency of whole system.Along with the raising of tower-type solar thermal power generating system capacity, the height of solar tower also increases considerably (>100 rice), the meteorological condition (wind speed, temperature etc.) in hundred meters of high-altitudes makes the thermal efficiency of heat dump significantly reduce, and wherein the design concept of cavity type heat absorber is also for a certain extent for the aerial high wind speed of less height, low temperature produce the impact of the heat dump thermal efficiency.So-called cavity heat absorber is the multiaspect cube of one one opening (aperture), wherein the cubical structure of multiaspect and orientation design to meet optic black matrix structure, solar energy after optically focused injects inside cavity by aperture, and the heat absorption working medium be disposed in the heat-absorbent surface of cavity inner surface absorbed, complete crucial photothermal deformation process.This cavity type heat absorber can receive the solar radiation of special angle, specific mirror field areas, the radiation heat loss that the convection current that can suitably reduce to answer Upper Air Weather Condition to cause and open type aperture cause, Hispanic PS-10, PS-20 and Yanqing County of Beijing Asia seat of honour MW level Demonstration Station all have employed this type of heat dump.
In general, cavity type heat absorber due to its structure simple, good economy performance, technology maturation and being adopted by many business power stations.Tower type solar energy thermal power generation will, to high parameter, extensive future development, have two problems to seem particularly outstanding in the application aspect of heat dump.The first, solar tower height and aperture opening cause convection heat losses and radiation heat loss.Along with the capacity of solar thermal power plants is to the generating of dozens or even hundreds of MW, the height of solar tower and the aperture area of heat dump also increase thereupon.Have data to show, high aerial wind speed is approximate to be directly proportional to height quadratic relationship, therefore, and the convection heat losses that solar tower height causes, and the impact of hyperthermia radiation heat loss on heat dump efficiency that heat dump aperture causes becomes particularly crucial.The second, the heat flow density on the heat dump surface that the heliostat field of high concentration ratio causes is uneven.Along with the increase of generate output, the focusing ratio of heliostat array also significantly increases.Under normal circumstances, the solar energy that heliostat array focuses on presents that center is the highest, the around hot spot that reduces successively of heat flow density from inside to outside, data is had to show, the ratio of the center of optically focused hot spot and the heat flow density of outermost can up to 9:1, and this phenomenon can become particularly outstanding along with the raising of the focusing ratio of heliostat field.So highly uneven heat flow density is projected on housing surface, working medium flow maldistribution and the serious hydrodynamic force instability problem such as refluence, stagnation between heat dump different heat-absorbent surface can be caused, time serious, cause the safety problem of heat-absorbent surface calcination and thrashing.Reducing heat dump heat loss how effective and reasonablely and overcoming heat dump surface heat flux inequality is the key technology sex chromosome mosaicism of restriction tower type solar to Large Copacity, high parameter development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, this cavity type heat absorber effectively can solve the problem that on existing chamber heat dump heat-absorbent surface, heat flow density is uneven and heat loss is larger.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, comprises air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity; Air supply unit comprises the CO be connected with cavity 2gas storage tank, the pipeline be connected goes back gas pump, at CO with cavity 2the exhaust ports of gas storage tank arranges the first valve, arranges the second valve at the air inlet place of cavity; Heat exchange unit comprises the heat exchanger be connected with cavity, and heat exchanger is by bypass duct and CO 2the discharge duct of gas storage tank is connected, and arranges bypass valve on bypass duct; Bleed air valve and CO is provided with at the top of cavity 2gas exhaust valve.
At the opening part of cavity, glass cover-plate is housed.
The quartz glass that described glass cover-plate is greater than 90% by anti-high pressure, high temperature resistant and light transmittance is made.
Also CO is provided with above bleed air valve 2detector.
All pipelines that air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity are connected are made by the round steel pipe of band heat-insulation layer.
The first described valve, the second valve, bypass valve, CO 2gas exhaust valve and bleed air valve are ball valve or gate valve.
Described gas pump is for providing the gas pump of at least 1.5MPa pressed gas.
The heat-absorbent surface of cavity arranges vertical water pipe.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following useful technique effect:
Modified solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber disclosed by the invention, adds the air supply unit to cavity, namely passes through CO 2air accumulator provides CO for cavity 2gas.The main energetic of solar radiation concentrates between 0.2-2 μm, belongs to shortwave radiation, and the main energetic of heat dump inner surface radiation is between 0.8-100 μm, and CO 2gas is three atomic gas, and it absorbs has strong selective with radiation to wavelength.CO is filled in cavity 2the shortwave major part that gas can allow solar radiation go out is passed through, and can absorb the radiant energy of heat dump inner surface, is a kind of good radiant energy absorbance body, therefore can reduces the radiation heat loss of cavity inner surface.Meanwhile, due to CO 2the thermal diffusion effect of gas, can make the heat flow density of heat dump inner surface become more even, CO 2the energy of gas storage can also be used.The present invention takes full advantage of greenhouse gases, be energy-saving and emission-reduction a kind of newly utilize form, apparatus structure is arranged rationally, easily realizes, and has a extensive future.
Further, the present invention is equipped with glass cover-plate at the opening part of cavity, and glass cover-plate inhibits the heat convection of cavity inner surface.And to the pressurization of cavity appropriateness, the concentration of its inner accumulation of heat gas can be improved, thus effectively increase caloric receptivity after equipped with glass cover plate; Installing additional and CO of glass cover-plate 2the filling of gas, can solve the heat loss of cavity type heat absorber and the heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface to a certain extent.
Further, above bleed air valve, also CO is provided with 2detector, can the whether emptying of air in test chamber, to ensure CO in cavity 2the abundant filling of gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure figure of cavity type heat absorber of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is longitudinal sectional drawing of cavity type heat absorber of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is CO 2detector; 2 is bleed air valve; 3 is cavity; 4 is glass cover-plate; 5 is CO 2gas exhaust valve; 6 is heat exchanger; 7 is bypass valve; 8 is the second valve; 9 is CO 2gas storage tank; 10 is the first valve; 11 is gas pump; 12 is vertical water pipe; 13 is heat-absorbent surface; 14 is cavity bottom surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail: the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical scheme of the present invention, gives detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a modification of the present invention type solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, comprises air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity 3;
Air supply unit comprises the CO with certain pressure 2gas storage tank 9, CO 2gas storage tank 9 exhaust ports is provided with the first valve 10, at CO 2the pipeline that gas storage tank 9 is connected with cavity 3 is also provided with a gas pump 11, and the air inlet place of cavity 3 is provided with the second valve 8.Bleed air valve 2 and CO is provided with at the top of cavity 3 2gas exhaust valve 5.Also CO is provided with above bleed air valve 2 2detector 1.
Heat exchange unit comprises the heat exchanger 6 be connected with cavity 3, and heat exchanger 6 is by bypass duct and CO 2the discharge duct of gas storage tank 9 is connected, and on bypass duct, arrange bypass valve 7.
Preferably, cavity 3 opening part has installed a glass cover-plate 4 additional.This glass cover-plate 4 is the quartz glass of light transmittance more than 90%, and will have certain resistance to compression, heat-resisting ability.Installing additional and CO of glass cover-plate 2the filling of gas, can solve the heat loss of cavity type heat absorber and the heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface to a certain extent.
Described pipeline is the round steel pipe with heat-insulation layer.Described first valve 10, second valve 8, bypass valve 7, CO 2gas exhaust valve 5 and bleed air valve 2 are ball valve or gate valve, have good sealing property.Described gas pump 11 is general air pump, can provide the gas of 1.5MPa pressure.Described CO 2gas storage tank 9 is for having the cylinder of steel of certain pressure.
Preferably, above bleed air valve 2, also CO is provided with 2detector 1, can the whether emptying of air in test chamber, to ensure CO in cavity 2the abundant filling of gas.
Fig. 3 is longitudinal sectional drawing of cavity type heat absorber of the present invention, as seen from Figure 3, vertical water pipe 12 on heat-absorbent surface 13, device of working medium absorbed radiation energy in VERTICAL TUBE 12 thus produce the gas of HTHP.
Modified solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber of the present invention, operationally:
Carrying out CO 2when gas is filled, first the air in cavity 3 will be discharged, workflow is as follows: close CO 2gas exhaust valve 5, bypass valve 7, open bleed air valve 2, first valve 10, second valve 8, CO 2gas is from CO 2export in gas storage tank 9, add through gas pump 11 and be sent in high aerial cavity 3, due to CO 2density ratio air is high, therefore CO 2slowly can rise from bottom, the air in cavity 3 be discharged from bleed air valve 2, works as CO 2air is drained only, CO 2detector 1 just can detect CO 2time close bleed air valve 2, simultaneously stop be vented and close the second valve 8, be now filled with CO in cavity 3 2.
When solar radiation is focused onto in cavity 3, most radiation can through CO 2project on heat-absorbent surface 13, device of working medium absorbed radiation energy in the VERTICAL TUBE 12 now on heat-absorbent surface 13 produces high temperature and high pressure steam, and heat-absorbent surface 13 self can outside emittance simultaneously, and the energy of radiation is most of by CO 2absorb, simultaneously due to thermal diffusion effect, the CO that temperature is high 2the region that can be diffused into temperature low is gone, thus makes heat flow density on whole heat-absorbent surface 13 more even.
When heat dump quits work, utilization is needed to be stored in CO 2in energy time, open CO 2gas exhaust valve 5, bypass valve 7 and the second valve 8, close the first valve 10, gas pump 11 is by the CO of heat simultaneously 2gas is transported in heat exchanger 6 and carries out heat exchange with the external world and become gas under normal temperature, and through bypass valve 7, gas pump 11 is got back to cavity 3 thus completed a circulation.
In sum, the advantage that has of modified solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber of the present invention is as follows:
1, take full advantage of greenhouse gases, be energy-saving and emission-reduction a kind of newly utilize form;
2, quartz glass cover plate inhibits the heat convection of cavity inner surface, and can appropriateness pressurize, and improves inner accumulation of heat gas concentration, increases caloric receptivity;
3, CO 2gas can absorb the radiant heat of cavity inner surface, reduces radiation heat loss;
4, CO 2gas makes heat flow density on cavity heat-absorbent surface more even;
5, the applying of quartz glass cover plate and CO 2the filling of gas, can solve the heat loss of cavity type heat absorber and the heat flow density problem of non-uniform of heat absorbent surface to a certain extent.

Claims (8)

1. a solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber, is characterized in that, comprises air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity (3); Air supply unit comprises the CO be connected with cavity (3) 2gas storage tank (9), the pipeline be connected with cavity (3) goes back gas pump (11), at CO 2the exhaust ports of gas storage tank (9) arranges the first valve (10), arranges the second valve (8) at the air inlet place of cavity (3); Heat exchange unit comprises the heat exchanger (6) be connected with cavity (3), and heat exchanger (6) is by bypass duct and CO 2the discharge duct of gas storage tank (9) is connected, and on bypass duct, arrange bypass valve (7); Bleed air valve (2) and CO is provided with at the top of cavity (3) 2gas exhaust valve (5).
2. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at the opening part of cavity (3), glass cover-plate (4) is housed.
3. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the quartz glass that described glass cover-plate is greater than 90% by light transmittance is made.
4. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with CO in bleed air valve (2) top 2detector (1).
5. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, all pipelines air supply unit, heat exchange unit and cavity (3) are connected are made by the round steel pipe of band heat-insulation layer.
6. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first valve (10), the second valve (8), bypass valve (7), CO 2gas exhaust valve (5) and bleed air valve (2) are ball valve or gate valve.
7. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gas pump (11) is for providing the gas pump of at least 1.5MPa pressed gas.
8. a kind of solar energy water working medium cavity type heat absorber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the heat-absorbent surface (13) of cavity (3) arranges vertical water pipe (12).
CN201510346504.3A 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Solar water-working-medium cavity-type heat absorber Active CN104964461B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106050586A (en) * 2016-08-08 2016-10-26 浙江大学 Gas endothermal solar power generation method and device based on characteristic absorption spectra

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3919998A (en) * 1975-04-23 1975-11-18 Louis W Parker Convection-type solar heating unit
CN2432528Y (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-05-30 王庆 Greenhouse effect type solar heat collector
CN201803483U (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-04-20 王勇 Flat-plate solar collector utilizing liquid to absorb heat
CN102563934A (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Heat collector material for solar heat airflow power generation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3919998A (en) * 1975-04-23 1975-11-18 Louis W Parker Convection-type solar heating unit
CN2432528Y (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-05-30 王庆 Greenhouse effect type solar heat collector
CN201803483U (en) * 2010-02-25 2011-04-20 王勇 Flat-plate solar collector utilizing liquid to absorb heat
CN102563934A (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Heat collector material for solar heat airflow power generation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106050586A (en) * 2016-08-08 2016-10-26 浙江大学 Gas endothermal solar power generation method and device based on characteristic absorption spectra
CN106050586B (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-08-07 浙江大学 The gas body heat absorption method for electric generation using solar energy and device of feature based absorption spectrum

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