US20050103327A1 - Passive energy saving system for a building - Google Patents
Passive energy saving system for a building Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050103327A1 US20050103327A1 US10/716,323 US71632303A US2005103327A1 US 20050103327 A1 US20050103327 A1 US 20050103327A1 US 71632303 A US71632303 A US 71632303A US 2005103327 A1 US2005103327 A1 US 2005103327A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- building
- heat
- air
- reservoir
- energy saving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/006—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses air heating system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
- F24S10/55—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/22—Ventilation air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/004—Natural ventilation using convection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
- F24F8/22—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using UV light
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Definitions
- the conventional energy saving system requires to be brought into the integrated planning during the design of building, and in coordination with the construction sequence of building to complete the energy saving system.
- problems such as installation difficulty and cost increase will arise.
- the components of the conventional energy saving system lack modularized design, and they are quite difficult to be applied to the buildings with multifarious design to reduce the energy consuming of cooling system in summer and heating system in winter.
- the present invention possesses the following advantages:
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy collector according to the present invention.
- the passive energy saving system 10 can further include a cooling module 100 positioned on a window 121 under the heat-absorbing board 200 for cooling air entering the building 20 .
- the cooling module 100 includes a cooler 140 , a third pipeline 150 connecting the heat-absorbing board 200 and the cooler 140 .
- the third pipeline 150 is used to transfer the coolant between the heat-absorbing board 200 and the cooler 140 .
- the coolant in the cooler 140 vaporizes by absorbing air heat entering the building 20 and the vapor flows upward passively to the heat-absorbing board 200 through the third pipeline 150 by buoyancy.
- the liquid coolant in heat-absorbing board 200 reflows to the cooler 140 through the third pipeline 150 downward passively by gravity to absorb air heat entering building 20 continuously.
Abstract
The passive energy saving system for a building of the present invention includes a first reservoir, a heat exchanger positioned under the first reservoir, a first pipeline connecting the first reservoir and the heat exchanger, a heat-absorbing board positioned in the building, and a second pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the heat-absorbing board. The first reservoir comprises cooling water, and the function of the first pipeline is to transfer the cooling water between the first reservoir and the heat exchanger. The heat-absorbing board uses fluid to absorb heat of air inside the building, and the function of the second pipeline is to transfer the fluid between the heat-absorbing board and the heat exchanger.
Description
- Not applicable.
- Not applicable.
- Not applicable.
- The present invention relates to a passive energy saving system for a building, and more particularly, to a passive energy saving system using the natural circulation of the two-phase flow to regulate the indoor temperature of the building, using the solar energy and the wind power to drive the indoor air circulation, using the solar energy to provide the warm water, and using the photo catalyst to purify air.
- The energy crisis occurred in the '70s raised people thoughts on replacing traditional fuels used for a building with solar energy, thus it accelerated the development of active solar energy heating system. But it was not until 1978 that the research of passive cooling system without power supply has been carried out. In recent years, the primary reason that the passive cooling technology has been paid great attention is that the peak electricity power consumption in summer is higher and higher, and that the electricity power load of cooling air-conditioner is aggravating. Restraining peak electricity power consumption not only enables consumers to reduce electricity expense but also reduces the investment on power generation capacity. Furthermore, it is based on the consideration of long-term energy policy. It is hoped that through the promotion of passive cooling system or low-energy cooling system, the requirements on cooling air-conditioner can be reduced, thus the goal of saving energy and decreasing the greenhouse gas discharge can be achieved.
- The goal of a building energy saving design is to realize natural ventilation, provide high-quality and comfortable indoor atmosphere environment, and reduce the requirements on energy cost of a building cooling system and heating system to be as low as possible. The conventional building energy saving technologies include: (1) reducing the solar radiation entering the building; (2) making use of solar energy for ventilation, air-conditioning, and providing warm water; and (3) making use of underground cooling energy saving system.
- Some of the above-described energy-saving technologies have been described in patent documents. For example, WO 9,625,632 discloses the roof type air circulation system, U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,338 discloses the wall-mounting air heater, U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,618 discloses the solar energy warm-water supply system, US 2003/0037907 A1 discloses solar energy heat-pipe type heat exchanger, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,573 discloses the energy saving system that saves solar energy in underground pipeline. However, the above-mentioned conventional technologies possess many disadvantages, which can be improved to promote the application of building energy saving and air-conditioner.
- 1. The ground cooling energy saving system must be in coordination with the construction of a building, and a large quantity of cooling or warm-up pipelines must be buried under the deep ground beforehand. The outdoor air must pass through the underground pipelines to make the temperature of air approach the underground temperature. The building ventilation system is then imported to adjust the indoor temperature, and thus the energy required by the cooling system (in summer) or heating system (in winter) can be reduced. Because the construction project of such energy-saving system is very large, the structure is complex and difficult for maintenance, and thus the investment needs a long return period.
- 2. The conventional energy saving system requires to be brought into the integrated planning during the design of building, and in coordination with the construction sequence of building to complete the energy saving system. For the existing building, if the energy saving system is to be added, problems such as installation difficulty and cost increase will arise.
- 3. The components of the conventional energy saving system lack modularized design, and they are quite difficult to be applied to the buildings with multifarious design to reduce the energy consuming of cooling system in summer and heating system in winter.
- The objective of the present invention is to provide a passive energy saving system using the natural circulation of the two-phase flow to regulate the indoor temperature of a building, using the solar energy and the wind power to drive the indoor air circulation, using the solar energy to provide the warm water, and using the photo catalyst to purify air.
- In order to achieve the above-mentioned objective and avoid the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a passive energy saving system for a building. The passive energy saving system includes a first reservoir, a heat exchanger positioned under the first reservoir, a first pipeline connecting the first reservoir and the heat exchanger, a heat-absorbing board positioned in the building, and a second pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the heat-absorbing board. The first reservoir comprises cooling water, the heat exchanger comprises a condensation pipe submerged by the cooling water, and the first pipeline transfers the cooling water between the first reservoir and the heat exchanger. The heat-absorbing board uses a fluid to absorb heat of air inside the building, and the second pipeline transfers the fluid between the heat-absorbing board and the heat exchanger.
- The fluid in the heat-absorbing board vaporizes after absorbing air heat inside the building and the vapor flows to the condensation pipe in the heat exchanger passively through the second pipeline by buoyancy. The vapor is condensed into liquid by the cooling water in the heat exchanger, and the liquid then flows passively to the heat-absorbing board through the second pipeline by gravity. The temperature of the cooling water in the heat exchanger increases after absorbing air heat, while the density is decreased to flow upward to the first reservoir by buoyancy. The first reservoir can provide the cooling water continuously to the heat exchanger through the first pipeline.
- Compared with the prior art, the present invention possesses the following advantages:
-
- 1. The passive energy saving system of the present invention can make use of the existing water storage facilities of the building, thus the construction engineering of the passive energy saving system can be simplified and the cost is reduced effectively.
- 2. The present invention makes use of the solar energy collector to heat air, the sunshine to illuminate photo catalyst to purify air, the hot water tank to absorb the solar energy, and the first reservoir to cool air. As a result, the solar energy collector of the present invention can be used to collect the solar energy effectively to make the indoor air clean and comfortable, and provide indoor with warm water without consuming energy.
- 3. According to the present invention, all the constructive modules, such as the cooling module, the solar energy collector, the heat-absorbing board and the heat exchanger of the passive energy saving system, can be designed to be modularized, and can be flexibly assembled and positioned in the existing multifarious buildings. Furthermore, the entire system layout can be designed for large-scale buildings.
- Other objectives and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reading the following descriptions and upon reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a passive energy saving system according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a side view of a cooling module according to the present invention; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional diagram ofFIG. 2 along the A-A section line; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective diagram of a heat exchanger according to the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional diagram of the condensation pipe according to the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy collector according to the present invention; and -
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an air purifier according to the present invention. -
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a passive energy savingsystem 10 according to the present invention. As shown inFIG. 1 , the passive energy savingsystem 10 is built in abuilding 20, and includes afirst reservoir 600, aheat exchanger 300 positioned under thefirst reservoir 600, afirst pipeline 610 connecting thefirst reservoir 600 and theheat exchanger 300, a heat-absorbingboard 200 positioned in thebuilding 20 and asecond pipeline 250 connecting theheat exchanger 300 and the heat-absorbingboard 200. - The
first reservoir 600 comprises cooling water, and thefirst pipeline 610 transfers the cooling water between thefirst reservoir 600 and theheat exchanger 300. Theheat exchanger 300 includes acondensation pipe 320 that is covered by the cooling water in theheat exchanger 300. The heat-absorbingboard 200 is positioned below theheat exchanger 300 and includes a fluid, such as coolant, to absorb air heat in thebuilding 20. The boiling point of the coolant under a certain pressure is the temperature, such as 27, that makes people feel comfortable. In addition, to be in conformity with the environmental protection regulation and reduce damage to the ozone layer, the coolant can be selected from R-25, R-32, R-125, R-134a and mixed with appropriate ratio. The coolant vaporizes after absorbing heat and the vapor flows upward to thecondensation pipe 320 passively through thesecond pipeline 250 by buoyancy. The vapor is condensed into liquid through the cooling water inheat exchanger 300, and the liquid then flows downward passively to the heat-absorbingboard 200 through thesecond pipeline 250 by gravity. - The passive
energy saving system 10 can further include acooling module 100 positioned on awindow 121 under the heat-absorbingboard 200 for cooling air entering thebuilding 20. Thecooling module 100 includes a cooler 140, athird pipeline 150 connecting the heat-absorbingboard 200 and the cooler 140. Thethird pipeline 150 is used to transfer the coolant between the heat-absorbingboard 200 and the cooler 140. The coolant in the cooler 140 vaporizes by absorbing air heat entering thebuilding 20 and the vapor flows upward passively to the heat-absorbingboard 200 through thethird pipeline 150 by buoyancy. The liquid coolant in heat-absorbingboard 200 reflows to the cooler 140 through thethird pipeline 150 downward passively by gravity to absorb airheat entering building 20 continuously. In addition, thecooling module 100 can further include aphoto catalyst filter 122 and anactive carbon filter 123 for purifying air entering thebuilding 20. In combination of the cooler 140, thethird pipeline 150, the heat-absorbingboard 200, thesecond pipeline 250 and the coolant in thecondensation pipe 320 of theheat exchanger 300 together construct a two-phase natural circulation system to cool air entering thebuilding 20. - The passive
energy saving system 10 of the present invention can further include asecond reservoir 11 positioned under the ground of thebuilding 20, afourth pipeline 13 connecting thesecond reservoir 11 and theheat exchanger 300, and apump 12 for pumping the cooling water to thefirst reservoir 600 from thesecond reservoir 11 through thefourth pipeline 13 and thefirst pipeline 610. Because of the heat sink effect of underground, the temperature of the cooling water in thesecond reservoir 11 is lower than that in thefirst reservoir 600, and the cooling water required by thefirst reservoir 600 can thus be continuously provided by thesecond reservoir 11 according to the present invention. - Generally speaking, the
building 20 includes a water tower or a fire fighting water tank on the roof, and an underground water storage tank is positioned under the ground of the building. The present invention can make use of the water tower or fire fighting water tank at the roof as thefirst reservoir 600, and make use of the underground water storage pool as thesecond reservoir 11, and therefore the existing water storage facilities can be used in the passiveenergy saving system 10 of the present invention to supply water for thebuilding 20. Thefirst reservoir 600 supplies domestic water for thebuilding 20 continuously, while the outdoor water supply system can refill water to thefirst reservoir 600 to maintain a predetermined liquid level, and therefore the cooling water in thefirst reservoir 600 is updated continuously such that it will not be overheated due to absorbing air heat in thebuilding 20. The present invention adjusts the indoor temperature through the cooling water in thefirst reservoir 600 and achieves the reduction of energy required by the cooling system (in summer) and the heating system (in winter). - The passive
energy saving system 10 of the present invention can further include an air circulation module, which comprises a first heat-exchangingpipe 620 positioned in thefirst reservoir 600, anair inlet 360 positioned in thebuilding 20 and connected to an inlet of the first heat-exchangingpipe 620, and anair outlet 380 positioned in thebuilding 20 and connected to an outlet of the first heat-exchangingpipe 620. The warm air inside thebuilding 20 flows to the first heat-exchangingpipe 620 through theair inlet 360 by buoyancy. The cooling water of thefirst reservoir 600 cools the air, and it flows back into thebuilding 20 through theair outlet 380 by gravity so as to provide a cooling air with a lower temperature. To improve the quality of air in thebuilding 20, the air circulation module can include anair purifier 480 positioned between theair inlet 360 and the first heat-exchangingpipe 620. - In addition, the air circulation module can further include a
solar energy collector 400 positioned between theair inlet 360 and the first heat-exchangingpipe 620. Thesolar energy collector 400 can heat up air passing therethrough to decrease the density of air to increase buoyancy, thus the air circulation for thebuilding 20 is accelerated. Furthermore, the air circulation module can further include ahot water tank 500 positioned between thesolar energy collector 400 and the first heat-exchangingpipe 620, and a second heat-exchangingpipe 520 positioned in thehot water tank 500. Through the second heat-exchangingpipe 520, water in thehot water tank 500 can absorb air heat heated up by thesolar energy collector 400, so that thehot water tank 500 can provide warm domestic water for thebuilding 20 through anoutlet 550. - The airflow in the air circulation module climbs upward with an elevation angle, and changes to downward inclination with a depression angle after leaving the
air purifier 480. The warm air enters thehot water tank 500 at first and passes through the second heat-exchangingpipe 520 where a portion of heat is absorbed by water in thehot water tank 500. Air then enters thefirst reservoir 600 at the downstream and passes through the first heat-exchangingpipe 620 where a portion of heat is absorbed by the cooling water in thefirst reservoir 600, and finally enters thebuilding 20 through theair outlet 380. Because the flowing air in the air circulation module absorbs the solar energy, its temperature increases and its density decreases so that it flows upward. Hereafter, through the two cooling process performed in thehot water tank 500 and thefirst reservoir 600, respectively, air flows downward passively due to the decreased temperature and the increased density, which construct an air circulation system driven naturally by the solar energy. - The design criteria for the first heat-exchanging
pipe 620 and the second heat-exchangingpipe 520 are to possess a larger heat dissipation area, higher heat conduction efficiency, and the smallest possible airflow resistance. The shape of the airflow path for the heat-exchanging component complying with these criteria can be circular, elliptic, rectangular, strip, etc. In addition, it is contributive to achieve the optimal heat conduction effects between air and water by adding cooling fins with all kinds of shapes and with different arrangements in the airflow pipe wall, and inserting all kinds of heat pipe or micro heat pipe in the airflow pipe wall. The cooling water entering thefirst reservoir 600 will sink to the bottom by gravity, while the cooling water at the bottom of thefirst reservoir 600 can absorb the air heat passing through the first heat-exchangingpipe 620 or absorb the indoor heat from the heat-absorbingboard 200 through theheat exchanger 300. Once absorbing heat, the temperature of the cooling water at the bottom of thefirst reservoir 600 will increase and the density will decrease and force the cooling water to flow upward to the liquid surface. Thefirst reservoir 600 can provide the warm water to thehot water tank 500 through apipeline 510, while thefirst reservoir 600 includes awater outlet 650 at the bottom for providing the indoor cooling water. - When the solar intensity is not sufficient to drive the air circulation, the
fan 643 can be activated to increase the airflow entering indoor. The function of thefan 643 is to increase the solar energy absorption efficiency of thesolar energy collector 400, increase the solar energy absorption efficiency of thehot water tank 500, and increase the air-cooling efficiency of thefirst reservoir 600. If the solar intensity is sufficient or the natural circulation ventilation is adequate, thefan 643 can be turned off and let air enter indoor with natural circulation. - The air circulation module of the present invention can provide indoor either warm air or cooling air depending on the alternation of seasons by controlling the flow direction of air leaving the
hot water tank 500. The air circulation module can further include afirst control valve 540 positioned between thefirst reservoir 600 and thesolar energy collector 400, abypass pipeline 530 positioned between thesolar energy collector 400 and theair outlet 380, and asecond control valve 541 positioned on thebypass pipeline 530. When a cooling air is required to enter thebuilding 20 during hot summer, thefirst control valve 540 is opened and thesecond control valve 541 is closed so that the warm air become a cooling air after passing through thehot water tank 500 and thefirst reservoir 600, and finally the cooling air entersbuilding 20. When the weather is cold with the need of warm air, thefirst control valve 540 is closed and thesecond control valve 541 is opened so that the warm air leaves thehot water tank 500 and bypasses thefirst reservoir 600, and finally enters building 20 directly through thebypass pipeline 530. -
FIG. 2 is a side view of thecooling module 100 according to the present invention. As shown inFIG. 2 , thecooling module 100 is positioned on thewindow 121 of thebuilding 20, and includes aphoto catalyst filter 122, anactive carbon filter 123 and a cooler 140. Thephoto catalyst filter 122 is made of a photo catalyst fiber, which can generate hydroxyl free radical with powerful oxidation power to catalyze, decompose and remove any toxic substance such as bacterium, virus, dirt acrid, oil stain and carbon monoxide that may cause damage to human body. The photo catalyst fiber is preferably made of ZnO with a diameter in several nanometers, TiO2 with a diameter in several nanometers, gold with a diameter in several nanometers, and silver with a diameter in several nanometers, etc. Most preferably, the diameter of photo catalyst material is smaller than 10 nanometers to have a better performance. Theactive carbon filter 123 is made of an active carbon fiber, whose function is to adsorb the odor and toxic substance in air, and which possesses advantages such as good air permeability, thin absorption layer, high absorption efficiency, and low cost. -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional diagram ofFIG. 2 along the A-A section line. As shown inFIG. 3 , the cooler 140 includes a plurality ofrhombus cooling pipelines 141 andcoolant 145 in thecooling pipeline 141 for absorbing heat. The top of coolingpipeline 141 is connected to a header 142 (as shown inFIG. 2 ), which is connected to the bottom of the heat-absorbingboard 200 through thethird pipeline 150. Thecoolant 145 in the cooler 140 absorbs the air heat with high temperature and vaporizes, and the vapor flows upward into the heat-absorbing board 200 (as shown inFIG. 1 ) by buoyancy. The liquid coolant in the heat-absorbingboard 200 flows back to the cooler 140 by gravity to form two-phase natural circulation flow, which transports the heat of outdoor air to the heat-absorbingboard 200 and the heat is then dissipated to thefirst reservoir 600 through theheat exchanger 300. -
FIG. 4 is a perspective diagram of theheat exchanger 300 according to the present invention. As shown inFIG. 4 , theheat exchanger 300 is full of coolingwater 330, and thecondensation pipe 320 is positioned inside theheat exchanger 300 and is submerged by the coolingwater 330. The function of theheat exchanger 300 is to condense the coolant in vapor phase within thecondensation pipe 320 into liquid phase. The coolingwater 330 in theheat exchanger 300 absorbs heat from the pipe wall of thecondensation pipe 320, and the absorbed heat is further transferred to thefirst reservoir 600 through the natural circulation of the coolingwater 330. -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional diagram of thecondensation pipe 320 according to the present invention. The design criteria for thecondensation pipe 320 are to possess a larger heat transfer area and lower manufacture cost, and the condensation liquid can flow back to the heat-absorbingboard 200 by gravity (as shown inFIG. 1 ). As shown inFIG. 5 , thevapor 328 in thecondensation pipes 320 contacts with thepipe wall 322 and condensates into aliquid film 327, which can flow downward by gravity. The coolingwater 330 outside thecondensation pipe 320 flows upward to thefirst reservoir 600 through thefirst pipeline 610 by the buoyancy because its temperature increases and its density decreases after absorbing heat fromvapor 328, while the coolingwater 330 in thefirst reservoir 600 flows into theheat exchanger 300 by gravity because of its larger density. As a result, the present invention can remove the indoor heat of thebuilding 20 to thefirst reservoir 600 through natural circulation of the cooling water. -
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of thesolar energy collector 400 according to the present invention. As shown inFIG. 6 , thesolar energy collector 400 includes atop cover 402, a heat-absorbingplate 405 and a plurality ofhelical coils 415 connected to the heat-absorbingplate 405. Thetop cover 402 of thesolar energy collector 400 is composed of glass plate or transparent plate, and the heat-absorbingplate 405 is composed of black metal board to collect solar energy effectively. There is aheat collection space 403 between thetop cover 402 and the heat-absorbingplate 405, and there is anairflow channel 411 below the heat-absorbingplate 405. Air from theair inlet 360 enters theentrance 401 of thesolar energy collector 400, passes through theentrance space 410, and flows to theairflow channel 411 inside thehelical coils 415 where air is heated to be warmer. The warm air is collected by theoutlet space 412, and then flows out of thesolar energy collector 400 through theoutlet 413. - The
helical coils 415 of thesolar energy collector 400 are thermally connected to the top and bottom of theairflow channel 411. The primary function of thehelical coils 415 is to efficiently conduct the high temperature of the heat-absorbingplate 405 to the bottom of theairflow channel 411 by the high thermal conductivity characteristics, and thus makes the temperature of air in theairflow channel 411 distribute uniformly and increases the absorbed solar heat energy. Another function of thehelical coils 415 is to improve the heat-absorption capability of air. When air passes through theairflow channel 411 inside thehelical coils 415, the geometry of thehelical coils 415 will result in the air whirlpool and accelerate the turbulence of air to improve the heat-absorption capability. The design criteria for thehelical coils 415 are that the material possesses characteristics such as high conductivity and corrosion resistance such as copper, aluminum, stainless steel, while the coil can be used different shapes such as circular column, square column, strip, etc. The outer diameter of thehelical coils 415 must have contact with the top and bottom of theairflow channel 411 directly, and its channel axis must be in parallel with the direction ofairflow channel 411. -
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of theair purifier 480 according to the present invention. As shown inFIG. 7 , the exterior of theair purifier 480 is atransparent box 483, the interior is atransparent pipe 482, and air is between the exterior and interior. Thetransparent pipe 482 includes a fiber-knitting wall 481 positioned in parallel with the flow direction of air, and there areair channels 485 between fiber-knitting walls 481. The sum of the cross-sectional area of theair channel 485 in thetransparent pipe 482 should be larger than the flow cross-sectional area of the pipelines entering theair purifier 480, so that the flow resistance ofair purifier 480 can be reduced to allow air to pass therethrough. The composing material of the fiber-knitting wall 481 includes active carbon fiber and photo catalyst. Sunlight can penetrate thetransparent box 483 andpipe 482 and illuminate the fiber-knitting wall 481 directly to generate hydroxyl free radical with powerful oxidation ability, thus it catalyzes to decompose and remove the toxic substance to human body. - Compared with the prior art, the present invention possesses the following advantages:
-
- 1 . The passive energy saving system of the present invention can make use of the existing water storage facilities of the building, thus the construction engineering of the passive energy saving system can be simplified and the cost is reduced effectively.
- 2. The present invention make use of the solar energy collector to heat air, sunlight to illuminate photo catalyst to purify air, the hot water tank to absorb the solar energy, and the first reservoir to cool air. As a result, the solar energy collector of the present invention can be used to collect the solar energy effectively to make the indoor air of the building clean and comfortable, and provide indoor warm water without consuming energy.
- 3. According to the present invention, all the constructive modules, such as the cooling module, the solar energy collector, the heat-absorbing board and the heat exchanger of the passive energy saving system, can be designed to be modularized, which can be flexibly assembled and positioned in the existing multifarious buildings. Furthermore, the entire system layout can be designed for large scale building.
- The above-described embodiments of the present invention are intended to be illustrative only. Numerous alternative embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the following claims.
Claims (20)
1. A passive energy saving system for a building comprising:
a heat exchanger;
a first reservoir including cooling water;
a first pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the first reservoir for transferring the cooling water between the heat exchanger and the first reservoir;
a heat-absorbing board positioned in the building for absorbing air heat in the building by using a fluid; and
a second pipeline connecting the heat exchanger and the heat-absorbing board for transferring the fluid between the heat exchanger and the heat-absorbing board.
2. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 1 , wherein the heat-absorbing board is positioned below the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is positioned below the first reservoir.
3. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 1 , further comprising a cooling module positioned on a window of the building for cooling air entering the building.
4. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 3 , wherein the cooling module is positioned below the heat-absorbing board.
5. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 3 , wherein the cooling module comprises:
a cooler for absorbing air heat entering the building; and
a third pipeline connecting the heat-absorbing board and the cooler.
6. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 5 , wherein the cooling module further comprises a photo catalyst filter and an active carbon filter for purifying air entering the building.
7. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second reservoir positioned under the ground of the building; and
a pump for transferring the cooling water from the second reservoir to the first reservoir.
8. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 7 , further comprising a fourth pipeline connecting the second reservoir and the heat exchanger, wherein the pump transfers the cooling water from the second reservoir to the first reservoir through the fourth pipeline and the first pipeline.
9. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 1 , further comprising an air circulation module, wherein the air circulation module comprises:
an air inlet positioned in the building;
an air outlet positioned in the building; and
a first heat-exchanging pipe positioned in the first reservoir and connecting the air inlet and the air outlet, wherein air in the building flows into the first heat-exchanging pipe through the air inlet by buoyancy, and flows into the building through the air outlet after being cooled by the cooling water in the first reservoir.
10. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 9 , wherein the air circulation module further comprises an air purifier positioned between the air inlet and the first heat-exchanging pipe.
11. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 9 , wherein the air circulation module further comprises a solar energy collector positioned between the air inlet and the first heat-exchanging pipe.
12. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 11 , wherein the solar energy collector comprises:
a heat-absorbing plate; and
a plurality of helical coils connected to the heat-absorbing plate.
13. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 11 , wherein the air circulation module further comprises:
a hot water tank positioned between the solar energy collector and the first heat-exchanging pipe; and
a second heat-exchanging pipe positioned in the hot water tank, wherein the second heat-exchanging pipe absorbs air heat heated by the solar energy collector so as to warm up water in the hot water tank.
14. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 11 , wherein the air circulation module further comprises:
a first control valve positioned between the first reservoir and the solar energy collector;
a bypass pipeline positioned between the solar energy collector and the air outlet; and
a second control valve positioned on the bypass pipeline.
15. A passive energy saving system for a building comprising:
a first reservoir positioned on the roof of the building, wherein the first reservoir includes a first heat-exchanging pipe and cooling water;
an air inlet positioned in the building for conducting air in the building into the first heat-exchanging pipe; and
an air outlet positioned in the building and connected to the first heat-exchanging pipe for conducting air cooled by the cooling water into the building.
16. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 15 , further comprising an air purifier positioned between the air inlet and the first heat-exchanging pipe.
17. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 15 , further comprising a solar energy collector positioned between the air inlet and the first heat-exchanging pipe.
18. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 17 , wherein the solar energy collector comprises:
a heat-absorbing plate; and
a plurality helical coils connected to the heat-absorbing plate.
19. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 17 , further comprising:
a hot water tank positioned between the solar energy collector and the first heat-exchanging pipe; and
a second heat-exchanging pipe positioned in the hot water tank, wherein the second heat-exchanging pipe absorbs air heat heated by the solar energy collector so as to warm up water in the hot water tank.
20. The passive energy saving system for a building of claim 17 , further comprising:
a first control valve positioned between the first reservoir and the solar energy collector;
a bypass pipeline positioned between the solar energy collector and the air outlet; and
a second control valve positioned on the bypass pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/716,323 US20050103327A1 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2003-11-18 | Passive energy saving system for a building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/716,323 US20050103327A1 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2003-11-18 | Passive energy saving system for a building |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050103327A1 true US20050103327A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
ID=34574400
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/716,323 Abandoned US20050103327A1 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2003-11-18 | Passive energy saving system for a building |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050103327A1 (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080034681A1 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-02-14 | Paul Francis McDonald | First House II |
US20100186308A1 (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-07-29 | Vachon Christian | Solar uv transmissive device for sterilizing and/or heating air |
US20110088780A1 (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-21 | Ludger Hambrock | Solar Component for Solar Thermal Installations, Solar Thermal Installation, Method for Operating a Solar Thermal Installation, and Parts of a Solar Component for Solar Thermal Installations |
US20110139147A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Bruce Grulke | System for capturing and converting solar insolation into thermal, kinetic and electrical energy |
US20110277745A1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2011-11-17 | Tata Steel Uk Limited | Heating Apparatus Using Solar Energy and Method of Heating Using Solar Energy |
CN104654499A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-27 | 西安工程大学 | Air conditioning system capable of combining dew point evaporative cooling and solar combined heat and power generation |
US20160178220A1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2016-06-23 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building Heating Installation and Methodology |
CN105737397A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-06 | 湘潭大学 | Wall system comprehensively utilizing solar energy and geothermal energy |
CN105890032A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Solar heating hot water co-generation system |
CN105890069A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Solar cleaning central air-conditioning system |
US9850883B1 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-26 | Bajaura S.A. DE C.V. | Apparatus and method for generating electricity from integrated air flows and thermal energy |
CN107906976A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-13 | 西安工程大学 | The passive type wet cooling tower combined with street lamp based on Driven by Solar Energy |
CN108548332A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-18 | 燕山大学 | A kind of photovoltaic loop circuit heat pipe hot-water heating system |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2342211A (en) * | 1941-10-17 | 1944-02-22 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Utilization of natural heating and cooling effects |
US3853114A (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1974-12-10 | G Gaydos | Solar heat absorber |
US4373573A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-02-15 | Albert Madwed | Long term storage and use of solar energy |
US4418618A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-12-06 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Label printing apparatus with constant pressure printing mechanism |
US4448039A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-05-15 | Hutchins Robert D | Latent-heat heating and cooling system |
US4699315A (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1987-10-13 | White E R | Apparatus for recovering chimney heat |
US4809523A (en) * | 1984-05-17 | 1989-03-07 | Vandenberg Leonard B | Thermal cooling and heat transfer system |
US4934338A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1990-06-19 | Solarwall International Limited | Method and apparatus for preheating ventilation air for a building |
US5259363A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-11-09 | Lolar Logistics, Inc. | Solar roofing system |
US5400607A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-03-28 | Cayce; James L. | System and method for high-efficiency air cooling and dehumidification |
US20030037907A1 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-02-27 | Lee Jae Hyuk | Solar energy heater with heat pipe and heat exchanger |
-
2003
- 2003-11-18 US US10/716,323 patent/US20050103327A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2342211A (en) * | 1941-10-17 | 1944-02-22 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Utilization of natural heating and cooling effects |
US3853114A (en) * | 1974-03-11 | 1974-12-10 | G Gaydos | Solar heat absorber |
US4373573A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-02-15 | Albert Madwed | Long term storage and use of solar energy |
US4699315A (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1987-10-13 | White E R | Apparatus for recovering chimney heat |
US4418618A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-12-06 | Monarch Marking Systems, Inc. | Label printing apparatus with constant pressure printing mechanism |
US4448039A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1984-05-15 | Hutchins Robert D | Latent-heat heating and cooling system |
US4809523A (en) * | 1984-05-17 | 1989-03-07 | Vandenberg Leonard B | Thermal cooling and heat transfer system |
US4934338A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1990-06-19 | Solarwall International Limited | Method and apparatus for preheating ventilation air for a building |
US5259363A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-11-09 | Lolar Logistics, Inc. | Solar roofing system |
US5400607A (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-03-28 | Cayce; James L. | System and method for high-efficiency air cooling and dehumidification |
US20030037907A1 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-02-27 | Lee Jae Hyuk | Solar energy heater with heat pipe and heat exchanger |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080034681A1 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-02-14 | Paul Francis McDonald | First House II |
US20100186308A1 (en) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-07-29 | Vachon Christian | Solar uv transmissive device for sterilizing and/or heating air |
US20110277745A1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2011-11-17 | Tata Steel Uk Limited | Heating Apparatus Using Solar Energy and Method of Heating Using Solar Energy |
US8844516B2 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2014-09-30 | Tata Steel Uk Limited | Heating apparatus using solar energy and method of heating using solar energy |
US20110088780A1 (en) * | 2009-10-07 | 2011-04-21 | Ludger Hambrock | Solar Component for Solar Thermal Installations, Solar Thermal Installation, Method for Operating a Solar Thermal Installation, and Parts of a Solar Component for Solar Thermal Installations |
US20110139147A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Bruce Grulke | System for capturing and converting solar insolation into thermal, kinetic and electrical energy |
US20160178220A1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2016-06-23 | Mark Edwin Benson | Building Heating Installation and Methodology |
CN104654499A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-05-27 | 西安工程大学 | Air conditioning system capable of combining dew point evaporative cooling and solar combined heat and power generation |
CN105890032A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Solar heating hot water co-generation system |
CN105890069A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 殷翠萍 | Solar cleaning central air-conditioning system |
CN105737397A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-06 | 湘潭大学 | Wall system comprehensively utilizing solar energy and geothermal energy |
US9850883B1 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-26 | Bajaura S.A. DE C.V. | Apparatus and method for generating electricity from integrated air flows and thermal energy |
CN107906976A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-13 | 西安工程大学 | The passive type wet cooling tower combined with street lamp based on Driven by Solar Energy |
CN108548332A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-18 | 燕山大学 | A kind of photovoltaic loop circuit heat pipe hot-water heating system |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6513339B1 (en) | Solar air conditioner | |
US20040031282A1 (en) | Desiccant air conditioner | |
AU2013325337B2 (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system | |
US7810551B2 (en) | Vapor-lift pump heat transport apparatus | |
US20090199892A1 (en) | Solar earth module | |
US20050103327A1 (en) | Passive energy saving system for a building | |
US10030913B1 (en) | Heat pipe dry cooling system | |
CN1731044A (en) | Multipurpose apparatus with solar heating, air conditioning, and water heating functions | |
Gu et al. | A review of recent techniques in performance augmentation and evaluation metrics of Trombe walls | |
US4616487A (en) | Low energy consumption air conditioning system | |
CN100529593C (en) | Sun cold water device | |
JP4043432B2 (en) | Non-powered energy saving system for buildings | |
TWI247869B (en) | A passive energy saving system for a building | |
CN108413474A (en) | A kind of heating system based on solar cogeneration component | |
JP2555567Y2 (en) | Heat collector in solar system | |
Tonui et al. | Ventilation benefit accrued from PV module installed in building | |
NZ708397B2 (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system | |
JPH08284270A (en) | Condensation preventive mechanism for ice arena | |
Kalogirou | Solar Space Cooling and Heating and Hot Water Production for a House | |
NZ708398B2 (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system | |
JPS5811353A (en) | Hot-water heater for supplying hot-water | |
NZ708397A (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system | |
NZ726615B2 (en) | Solar Air Heater | |
NZ706916B2 (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system | |
NZ616194B2 (en) | Solar air heating / cooling system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ATOMIC ENERGY COUNCIL - INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR ENERG Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LEE, CHIEN-HSIUNG;LIU, TAY-JIAN;LEE, DAH-JENN;REEL/FRAME:014208/0436 Effective date: 20031027 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |