US20100205870A1

US20100205870A1 - Structure

Info

Publication number: US20100205870A1
Application number: US12/704,447
Authority: US
Inventors: Eric J. Cobb
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-02-13
Filing date: 2010-02-11
Publication date: 2010-08-19

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated structure capable of being sited in any environment, wherein the structure is configured to meet the deficiencies of the intended environment. The present invention further discloses a method for developing and installing prefabricated structures, wherein the structure is capable of adapting to changes in the environment and changes and advancements in future habitability units, such that the structure is partially or completely self-sufficient.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/152,561, filed on Feb. 13, 2009, the entire disclosure and content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the fields of architecture, construction, engineering and building design. More specifically, the subject invention discloses a prefabricated structure engineered to be capable of self-sufficiency, modular, and adaptable to most any environment. The subject structure is further designed to accept various habitability units necessary for maintaining the dwelling in a particular environment, and for retrofitting additional or substitute habitability units.

BACKGROUND

All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. The following description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
In recent years, more and more Americans have realized their excessive living habits and have adopted more economical and eco-friendly living options. The popularity of mini cars and solar panels, as well as an overall trend towards simple, humble living has spurred huge growth in the green initiative and green industries. The housing industry is no exception to this trend, and the popularity in homes and household utilities offering sustainable and energy-efficient options have been a well received byproduct of this trend.
The trend towards green initiatives and eco-sustainability has lead to more and more architectural designs utilizing prefabricated homes, incorporating sustainable and energy-neutral components. Such components include solar panels, water recycling systems, compost systems, and photovoltaic power sources. The green initiate has also lead to smaller and more efficient homes with flexible living spaces serving dual-purposes. This efficient use of space and natural resources has encouraged the growth of affordable prefabricated homes, and has provided an appealing option for conscientious families and corporations.
The allure of a vacation home for many is the ability to escape the cyclic daily grind of the city and enjoy the serene and peaceful surrounding of nature. Favorite setting may include mountainous cabins, isolated cottages, or private waterfront bungalows. However, there exist substantial difficulties in erecting and maintaining homes in such isolated or less hospitable environments.
Of the 2.3 billion acres of land in the Unites States, urban land represents only 2.6% of this total. Of the privately owned non-urban lands (approximately 1.35 billion acres) there is a significant proportion of undeveloped land that is zoned for residential use but with inherent hurdles that have limited or prevented development. Such hurdles include lack of access to potable water, lack of access to power, flood plane adjacencies, poor soil conditions and lack of infrastructure. Additional difficulties include finding reliable contractors and labor, and delivering material goods to the job site in a cost-effective and timely manner.
Accordingly, there exists a need in the art for a prefabricated structure capable of being sited in any environment, wherein the structure is configured to accept various habitability units which make the structure self-sufficient. The habitability unit(s) may be chosen to meet the deficiencies, or take advantage of the features, of the intended environment and to changes in available technologies over time. There exists a further need in the art for a method of developing and installing prefabricated structures, wherein the structure is capable of adapting to changes in the environment and to changes and advancements in technologies over time. The structure may be configured to accept various habitability units, such that a habitability unit(s) can be interchanged, deleted or added to the structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following embodiments and aspects thereof are described and illustrated in conjunction with compositions and methods which are meant to be exemplary and illustrative, not limiting in scope.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a structure for housing individuals, wherein the structure comprises a foundation, and a prefabricated dwelling comprising four walls and a roof, wherein the structure is configured for situation in any environment and the structure is configured to accept a habitability unit.
In an embodiment, the structure further comprises at least one habitability unit.
In one embodiment, the habitability unit is selected from a group comprising a photovoltaic module/system, wind turbine, hydropower, solar water heating system, flexible stair system, thermal ground storage system, vibration isolation system, hydronic system, water catchment system, battery bank, and combinations thereof.
In a further embodiment, the foundation comprises an elevated foundation support system, situating the dwelling a distance above the ground plane (i.e., it is lifted).
In various embodiments, the roof may be a shed roof which may be useful in maximizing sun/solar panel orientation. In an embodiment, the roof is fitted with an eave or awning for additional protection of the dwelling from rain, sun and other natural elements. In yet another embodiment, the roof may be configured with metal panels and gutters to aid in water capture and delivery. In yet another embodiment, the eave or awning may be configured with panels and gutters to aid water capture and delivery.
In yet another embodiment, the structure may incorporate height adjustable stairs fitted to the structure for allowing access to the dwelling from variable height ground conditions.
In an embodiment, the structure may be controlled and monitored remotely using a systems management system and satellite communications system. As an example, dwelling lighting, heating and various other settings may be monitored and controlled remotely in anticipation of use and to identify maintenance needs.
In an embodiment, the structure may incorporate a composting toilet or incinerating toilet for waste disposal. In an additional embodiment, the structure may incorporate a graywater system for recycling water.
In a further embodiment, the structure may use a thermal ground storage system to store heat generated from a solar water system.
In an embodiment, the structure is modular in that multiple structures may be connected by a common architectural item such as a shared deck. Thus, one may expand one's home over time, add a guest house(s), etc.
In an embodiment, the structure may be transported off the land on which it sits and relocated with ease.
In an embodiment, the structure is framed in steel and clad in durable materials, with a high level of execution. In an embodiment, the structure is durable for 100 years or more.
In an embodiment, the structure has natural ventilation with sun control.
In an embodiment, the structure is insulated with high performance windows (e.g., triple glazed).
The present invention further provides a system for housing individuals comprising a prefabricated dwelling comprising at least four walls and a roof, a foundation for supporting the dwelling, and at least one habitability unit, wherein the dwelling is configured for situation in any weather or climate exposure and the dwelling is configured to accept at least one habitability unit(s) for promoting self-sufficiency.
In one embodiment, the habitability unit is selected from a group comprising a photovoltaic module/system, wind turbine, hydropower, solar water heating system, flexible stair system, thermal ground storage system, vibration isolation system, hydronic system, ground heat storage system, water catchment system, battery bank, and combinations thereof.
In a further embodiment, the foundation comprises an elevated foundation support system, situating the dwelling a distance above the ground plane (i.e., it is lifted).
In various embodiments, the roof may be a shed roof which may be useful in maximizing sun/solar panel orientation. In an embodiment, the roof is fitted with an eave or awning for additional protection of the dwelling from rain, sun, wind and other natural elements. In yet another embodiment, the roof may be configured with metal panels and gutters to aid water capture and delivery. In yet another embodiment, the eave or awning may be configured with panels and gutters to aid water capture and delivery. In yet another embodiment, the roof may be configured to increase wind turbine efficacy.
In an embodiment, the systems may be controlled and monitored remotely using a systems management system and satellite communications system. As an example, dwelling lighting, heating and various other settings may be controlled remotely in anticipation of use, or to identify maintenance needs.
In yet another embodiment, the system may incorporate height adjustable stairs fitted to the system for allowing access to the dwelling from variable height ground conditions.
In an embodiment, the dwelling may incorporate a composting toilet or incinerating toilet for waste disposal. In an additional embodiment, the dwelling may incorporate a graywater system for recycling water.
In a further embodiment, the system may use a thermal ground storage system to store heat generated from a solar water system.
In an embodiment, the system is modular in that multiple structures may be connected by a common architectural item such as a shared deck. Thus, one may expand one's home over time, add a guest house(s), etc.
In an embodiment, the system may be transported off the land on which it sits and relocated with ease.
In an embodiment, the system is constructed from durable materials, with a high level of execution. In an embodiment, the system is durable for 100 years or more.
In an embodiment, the system has natural ventilation with sun control.
In an embodiment, the dwelling is insulated with high performance windows (e.g., triple glazed fiberglass frames).
In addition, the present invention provides a method for providing a structure adaptable for self-sufficient living in virtually any environment, comprising providing a prefabricated dwelling comprising four walls and a roof, providing a foundation upon which the dwelling may be situated, choosing a building site environment, fitting the dwelling with at least one habitability unit suitable to the chosen building site environment, delivering the structure to the building site, and placing the structure upon the foundation at the building site.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, various features of embodiments of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Exemplary embodiments are illustrated in referenced figures. It is intended that the embodiments and figures disclosed herein are to be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

FIG. 1 depicts front perspective view of the framework of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 depicts top perspective view of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 depicts a top view of the roof of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 depicts a top view of the living floor of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 depicts a top view of the underside of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 depicts a front planar view of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 depicts a side planar view of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety as though fully set forth. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Waterfield, Patrick, The Energy Efficient Home: A Complete Guide, Crowood Press (2006); Chiras, Daniel D., The Homeowner's Guide to Renewable Energy Achieving Energy Independence Through Solar, Wind, Biomass and Hydropower, New Society Publishers (2006); and Arieff, et al., Prefab, Gibbs Smith (2002), provide one skilled in the art with a general guide to many of the terms used in the present application.
One skilled in the art will recognize many methods, systems and structures similar or equivalent to those described herein, which could be used in the practice of the present invention. Indeed, the present invention is in no way limited to the methods, systems and structure described.
The present invention relates to a structure (hereafter the “Flexible Dwelling”) comprising a foundation, and a prefabricated dwelling comprising four walls and a roof, wherein the structure is configured for situation in any environment and the structure is configured to accept at least one habitability unit. The Flexible Dwelling is prefabricated to reduce construction cost, energy consumption, and to reduce dependence upon infrastructure, allowing placement and operation of the Flexible Dwelling in environments previously viewed as impractical to develop. The Flexible Dwelling is structurally configured to accept a multitude of habitability units (defined below) which may be selected to match the needs of the Flexible Dwelling's environment. The habitability units may support and/or enable self-sufficiency of the Flexible Dwelling, and are receptive to the environmental needs of the Flexible Dwelling. As the habitability units may be fitted to the prefabricated dwelling rather than requiring the direct installation of comparable habitability units at the building site, the cost associated with the present invention is substantially reduced. Thus, the integrated architecture of the inventive Flexible Dwelling allows a rich solution for housing individuals in less than ideal environments and/or remote locations.
The present invention also discloses methods for providing a prefabricated Flexible Dwelling adapted for partial or full self-sufficient living in virtually any environment. The method comprises supplying a foundation and a prefabricated dwelling comprising at least four walls and a roof, choosing a building site, fitting the dwelling with at least one habitability unit suitable to the environment of the chosen building site, delivering the Flexible Dwelling to the building site, and placing the Flexible Dwelling on the foundation. The self-sufficient Flexible Dwelling is prefabricated to reduce construction cost, energy consumption, and to reduce dependence upon infrastructure, allowing placement and operation of the Flexible Dwelling in environments previously viewed as impractical to develop. As the Flexible Dwelling is structurally configured to accept a multitude of habitability units, the Flexible Dwelling may be fitted with the appropriate habitability units based on the environment in which the Flexible Dwelling will be placed, and the specific deficiencies and attributes of the environment. For example, if an attribute of the environment is abundant sunlight, the power or heating needs of the Flexible Dwelling may be met by solar power. Furthermore, if a deficiency of the environment includes isolation from natural water or water infrastructure, the Flexible Dwelling would benefit from fitting a water catchment system or for potable water use and an incinerating toilet to increase water consumption.
In addition, the present invention is designed to be mobile and constructed of interchangeable materials. Wall panels, roof panels, habitability units and other components of the Flexible Dwelling may be replaced and interchanged to meet changing environmental conditions. Accordingly, the Flexible Dwelling may be relocated to various environments, where different habitability units may be required, and remain self-sufficient and useful. This feature provides further economy, efficiency and ecological benefits as an alternative to demolition and reconstruction.
In overcoming specific environmental deficiencies the Flexible Dwelling incorporates a prefabricated structure capable of accepting and interchanging a wide variety of habitability units. This interchangeability and adaptability allows a single Flexible Dwelling to be partially or fully self-sufficient in almost any environment. Furthermore, the present invention discloses a practical method for fabricating the Flexible Dwelling off-site. Thus the present invention provides a viable and cost-effective solution for housing individuals in any environment, and significantly reducing the cost associated with erecting and placing a housing structure in the any specific environment.
In accomplishing partial or entire self-sufficiency, the Flexible Dwelling incorporates a variety of technologies referred to herein as the habitability units. Various habitability units are matted to the respective features and/or deficiencies of the environment which will host the Flexible Dwelling. A listing of the habitability units and their corresponding use and function are listed in detail below. However, the examples provided below are in no way limiting and are intended to include variations and/or iterations known to those of skill in the art.
Photovoltaic Module/System—is a packaged interconnected assembly of photovoltaic cells, also known as solar cells. The photovoltaic module, known more commonly as the solar panel, is then used as a component in a larger photovoltaic system to offer electricity for commercial and residential applications. Because a single photovoltaic module can only produce a limited amount of power, many installations contain several modules or panels and this is known as a photovoltaic array. A photovoltaic installation typically includes an array of photovoltaic modules or panels, an inverter, batteries and interconnection wiring. Photovoltaic systems are used for either on- or off-grid applications, and for solar panels on spacecraft.
Wind Turbine—is a rotating machine that converts the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used directly by machinery, such as pumping water, cutting lumber or grinding stones, the machine is called a windmill. If the mechanical energy is instead converted to electricity, the machine is called a wind generator, wind turbine, wind power unit (WPU), wind energy converter (WEC), or aerogenerator.
Hydropower—is power that is derived from the force or energy of moving water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Prior to the widespread availability of commercial electric power, hydropower was used for irrigation, and operation of various machines, such as watermills, textile machines, sawmills, dock cranes, and domestic lifts. Another method used a trompe, which produces compressed air from falling water, which could then be used to power other machinery at a distance from the water.
Solar Water Heating—is water heated by the use of solar energy. Solar heating systems are generally composed of solar thermal collectors, a water storage tank or another point of usage, interconnecting pipes and a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to the tank. The system may use solar power for pumping the fluid, and have a reservoir tank or thermal ground storage for heat storage and subsequent use. The systems may be used to heat water for a wide variety of uses, including home, business and industrial uses. Heating swimming pools, underfloor heating or energy input for space heating or cooling are more specific examples. Combined hot water and space heating systems (solar combisystems) may be used to provide heating.
Composting Toilet—is an aerobic processing system that treats excreta, typically with no water or small volumes of flush water, via composting or managed aerobic decomposition. This is usually a faster process than the anaerobic decomposition at work in most wastewater systems, such as septic systems. Composting toilets are often used as an alternative to central wastewater treatment plants (sewers) or septic systems. Typically they are chosen (1) to alleviate the need for water to flush toilets, (2) to avoid discharging nutrients and/or potential pathogens into environmentally sensitive areas, or (3) to capture nutrients in human excreta.
Incinerating Toilet—is a toilet that burns the excrement instead of flushing it away with water. There are two types of incinerating toilet: electric and gas powered. The incineration cycle takes approximately 60 minutes, but the toilet can be used at any time during the cycle. The incineration process involves a heater and a blower. The heater raises the temperature of the storage chamber to about 650° C. (1200° F.) and then shuts off until the temperature falls to below 540° C. (1000° F.). The heater cycles twice per minute. The blower goes on when the temperature inside the toilet reaches 55° C. (130° F.). and stays on after the incinerator shuts off until the toilet falls below 55 degrees Celsius. The ash left over is collected in the ash pan and disposed.
Greywater—is wastewater generated from domestic activities such as laundry, dishwashing, and bathing which can be recycled on-site for uses such as landscape irrigation, and constructed wetlands. Recycling greywater by a number of stages of filtration and microbial digestion can be used to provide water for washing or flushing toilets. Relatively clean greywater may be applied directly from the sink to the garden or container field, receiving further treatment from soil life and plant roots.
Thermal Ground Storage—is a method for storing thermal energy in a heat store designed to retain heat deposited during hot climate times for use during colder weather. The heat is typically captured using solar collectors, although other energy sources are sometime used separately or in parallel. For additional information please see U.S. Pat. No. 4,445,499 to Platell which is referenced herein and incorporated in its entirety.
Height Adjustable Stairs—are configured to allows the stairway angle to be varied without cutting and welding being required on site, overcoming the problem of damage to the applied protective coating.
Elevated Foundation Support System—comprises a foundation defined by simple concrete piers and corrosion resistant fittings and bracing, capable of placing the Flexible Dwelling at a desired height above the ground level. The piers are adapted for salt and fresh water application resistant to corrosion.
Hydronic Heating—is the use of water as the heat-transfer medium in heating and cooling systems. Some of the oldest and most common examples are steam and hot-water radiators. Historically, in large-scale commercial buildings such as high-rise and campus facilities, a hydronic system may include both a chilled and a heated water loop, to provide for both heating and air conditioning. Chillers and cooling towers are used separately or together as means to provide water cooling, while boilers heat water. A recent innovation is the chiller boiler system, which provides an efficient form of HVAC for homes and smaller commercial spaces.
Vibration Isolation—also known as seismic or base isolation system, is a collection of structural elements which substantially decouple the Flexible Dwelling from its substructure resting on a shaking ground thus protecting a building or non-building structure's integrity. Base isolation is the most powerful tool of the earthquake engineering pertaining to the passive structural vibration control technologies. It is meant to enable a building or non-building structure to survive a potentially devastating seismic impact through a proper initial design or subsequent modifications. In some cases, application of base isolation can raise both a structure's seismic performance and its seismic sustainability considerably.
Water Catchment System—is a method for gathering and storing of rainwater or other natural occurring water. Rainwater may be used to provide drinking water, water for livestock, water for irrigation or to refill aquifers in a process called groundwater recharge. Rainwater collected from the roofs of the inventive Flexible Dwelling contributes to household water. Household water catchment systems are appropriate in areas with an average rainfall greater than 200 mm per year, and no other accessible water sources.
Battery Bank—is a group of batteries connected in parallel to act as one large battery. Battery banks may be used to store power for future use.
Systems Management System—is a monitoring system capable of constantly monitoring electric, gas and water use in the dwelling, weather conditions and other house systems. This system provides accurate consumption and carbon footprint information in real-time. In various embodiments, the information may be accessible from any web enabled device, from anywhere in the world. The system intelligence can send automatic notifications of leaks, excessive energy use or carbon emissions via email or text messaging, and can seamlessly communicate with home control systems.
Satellite Communication System—is provided for the purpose of telecommunications. Modern communications satellites use a variety of orbits including geostationary orbits, Molniya orbits, other elliptical orbits and low Earth orbits. These communications satellites provide a microwave radio relay technology complementary to that of submarine communication cables. They may be used for mobile applications with hand-held terminals, television and radio broadcasting, for which application of other technologies, such as cable, is impractical or impossible.
Referring now to the drawings in which like parts are designated by like reference characters throughout the several views. FIG. 1 depicts front perspective view of the framework of the Flexible Dwelling in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the concrete foundation 12 of the Flexible Dwelling 10 is configured to elevate the dwelling 14 a distance above the ground plane. The concrete foundation 12 incorporates concrete pillars 16 and bracing 18 to brace the dwelling 14. The exposed steel frame 20 of the dwelling 14 is depicted to illustrate the core structure separate from the modular panels and roofing (not shown). FIG. 1 further depicts the eaves 22 and awning 24, which may be fitted to the steel frame 20 of the dwelling 14. In addition, FIG. 1 also depicts a habitability unit 26 fitted to the steel frame 20. As an example, the habitability unit shown is a wind turbine 28.
FIG. 2 provides a top perspective view of the Flexible Dwelling 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The dwelling 14 is depicted with the modular panels 30 and roof 32. However, the dwelling 14 sits separated from the foundation 12 and other components to better illustrate assembly of the Flexible Dwelling 10. FIG. 2 depicts the eaves 22 and awning 24 awaiting installation on the dwelling 14, as well as the deck 34 and height adjustable stairs 36 separated from the dwelling 14. FIG. 2 further depicts a possible mode of delivery and fitment of the Flexible Dwelling 10, complying with maximum wide load limitations for transit (16′ wide, 13′6″ tall). FIG. 2 further depicts one possible fitment means for the eaves 22 and awning 24, wherein the two additive elements are structurally supported by the roof 32 through sleeving of tubular steel members 38.
FIG. 3 depicts a top view of the roof 32 of the Flexible Dwelling 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The illustration shows the solar panels 40 mounted on the roof 32 of the dwelling 14, as well as the eaves 22 and awning 24 attached to the dwelling 14.
FIG. 4 depicts a top view of the living floor of the Flexible Dwelling 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 depict a living floor view of the dwelling 14, including the at least four walls 42, interior walls 44, energy management system 46, satellite communication system 48 and composting toilet 54. FIG. 4 also depicts the deck 34 attached to the dwelling 14 at the living floor, and the height adjustable stairs 36.
FIG. 5 depicts a top view of the underside of the Flexible Dwelling 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The illustration shows the concrete foundation 12, with pillars 16, and attachment of a habitability unit 26 to the steel frame 20. FIG. 5 further depicts components of the water catchment system 50 and compost system 52. FIG. 5 also depicts the hydronic heating system 56 and thermal ground storage system 58. In addition, FIG. 5 depicts the greywater system 60 used for recycling water.
FIG. 6 depicts a side interior view of the Flexible Dwelling 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Illustrated in FIG. 6 are the foundation 12, pillars 16 and bracing 18, which work in unison to support the dwelling 14. The pillars 16 may be configured at various heights to meet environmental and flood standards applicable to the chosen building site. The steel frame 20 of the dwelling 14 rests upon the pillars 16 and provides the core structure of the dwelling 14 and attachment sites for at least one habitability unit 26 (not shown). The height adjustable stairs 36 are adapted to match the height of the pillars 16, and provide access to the dwelling 14 from the ground level. The at least four walls 42 of the dwelling 14 define the interior space of the dwelling 14. Within the interior space of the dwelling 14 are the compost toilet 54, water tank 62 and battery bank 64. The roof 32 spans the length of the dwelling 14, and is fitted at an angle for additional exposure to the sun and/or improved water catchment. In certain embodiments, the angle of the roof 32 may be varied to contest environmental deficiencies and/or compliment environmental features. The eaves 22 and awning 24 are attached to roof 32. Components of the water catchment system 50, namely, a gutter 66 is fitted to the surrounds of the combined roof 32, eaves 22 and awning 24, to capture rain runoff. FIG. 6 also illustrates photovoltaic panels 68 mounted to the roof 32. In an alternative embodiment, solar water panels 70 may replace or supplement the photovoltaic panels 68 mounted to the roof 32 of the dwelling 14.

EXAMPLES

Land Without Power

The Flexible Dwelling may be configured for land without power by including power generation through the roof mounted photovoltaic panels and/or the steel frame mounted wind turbine. The power generated from these systems is stored in a bank of batteries mounted within the dwelling. To reduce electrical loads, heating may be provided by roof mounted solar water panels tied to a thermal energy storage vault beneath the ground. The thermal storage vault would provide seasonal heat storage for periods when heating loads exceed solar energy exposure. Alternatively or supplementally, a propane boiler may be used for heating.
Land Without Potable Water:
The Flexible Dwelling may be configured for land without potable water by including a water catchment system. The water catchment system consists of a coated metal roof which channels rain water into a coated metal gutter. The captured water is then filtered through a screen and drained through a downspout and fitting into tanks positioned within or below the Flexible Dwelling. The water is treated through a series of filters and pumped up into the house for use. In the event of extended periods of freezing weather, the solar hot water system may be configured to heat the catchment tanks when necessary to prevent freezing.
Flood Zones/Coastal Environment:
The Flexible Dwelling may be configured for land with flood plane or coastal exposure by adjusting the mounting height of the dwelling above the base flood elevation (BFE) level. With the foundation defined by simple concrete piers and corrosion resistant fittings and bracing, it is suitable for flood plane and coastal exposure. The adjustable height stair, also corrosion resistant and designed to “break-away” per FEMA standards, accommodates a 30″ variation in heights, meaning the living floor may be as low as 8′ above grade, or as high as 10′6″ above grade. In some instances, equipment is not permitted below the flood plane elevation, meaning that systems may not be located beneath the dwelling. In these instances, a separate equipment platform is positioned adjacent to the dwelling.
The foundation for the Flexible Dwelling uses materials and standards to meet the Coastal High Hazard FEMA standards. The living space of the Flexible Dwelling may be positioned above the ground to meet site specific FEMA requirements in many conditions. Further, the Flexible Dwelling's stairs are designed to accommodate a range of elevations from ground level to living space.
Land Without Septic Capability:
The Flexible Dwelling may be configured for land without septic system capabilities by including a composting toilet or an incinerating toilet for waste, and a gray water system for sinks. The composting tank may be part of the toilet, or separately positioned within or beneath the dwelling. The gray water system filters are also positioned within or beneath the dwelling, and water is discharged into a separate landscape irrigation system.
Seismic Category “D”:
The all steel structural frame for the Flexible Dwelling meets the IBC standards for category “D” exposure. In addition, the vibration isolators used to mount the Flexible Dwelling to its foundation allow for independent movement between dwelling and foundation, which results in reduced stresses.
Hurricane Zones:
The structural frame and window of the Flexible Dwelling may be configured to accommodate hurricane standards and winds up to 130 miles per hour.
High Wind Environment:
The Flexible Dwelling may be configured to generate electricity through at least one wind turbine and send this power to the grid or a battery bank. At least one vertical axis wind turbine pole is mounted to the Flexible Dwelling's steel chassis. The turbine, positioned above the roof, is intended for turbulent wind conditions, which the shed roof will contribute towards.
Heavy Snow Environment:
The steel roof and eave system of the Flexible Dwelling are engineered for supporting mountain snow loads.
Heavy Rain Environment:
The interior space of the Flexible Dwelling is maximized given the wide load limitations for transit (16′ wide, 13′6″ tall). Eaves (approx 5′) and sunscreens (approx 7′) are installed outside of the building envelope once the unit is placed, extending the full structure width to 28′. These two additive elements (eaves and sunscreens) are structurally supported by the roof through “sleeving” of tubular steel members. This allows the maximum usable width for a fully finished interior, delivered by truck, while providing full protection against sun and rain. The expanded roof area provides additional water volume for the water catchment system. The deep weather protection measures also shield the wall and window assemblies, as well as the interior spaces.
High Sun Exposure:
The Flexible Dwelling uses the maximum permitted wide load width (16′) for its interior spaces. The eave (approx 5′) and sunscreen (approx 7′) are engineered as added extensions to the structure, placed after the Flexible Dwelling is positioned on its foundation. The deep weather protection measures provided by the eaves and screen shield the wall and window assemblies, as well as the interior spaces. In addition, the expanded roof provides added space for generating electricity through roof mounted photovoltaic panels. The Flexible Dwelling is optimally positioned with the sun screen facing the sun, providing shade for the interior spaces and prolonged sun exposure to the photovoltaic and/or solar panels.
Saltwater Environment:
The entire structural frame for the Flexible Dwelling is coated to resist corrosion.
All structural bolts and connections are also galvanized or stainless steel. All exterior materials are also corrosion resistant. This assembly permits exceptional longevity, even in marine environments.
Termite/Wooded Environment:
There is no wood in the structural frame or sheathing of Flexible Dwelling. The only exterior wood surface in the Flexible Dwelling is the roof soffit, which is optional. This surface is designed to be easily replaceable.
Remote Access and Monitoring:
With a satellite signal or other available data connection, the Flexible Dwelling sends systems status data and weather conditions to the web, where an owner or monitoring service may view real time conditions.
Various embodiments of the invention are described above in the Detailed Description. While these descriptions directly describe the above embodiments, it is understood that those skilled in the art may conceive modifications and/or variations to the specific embodiments shown and described herein. Any such modifications or variations that fall within the purview of this description are intended to be included therein as well. Unless specifically noted, it is the intention of the inventors that the words and phrases in the specification and claims be given the ordinary and accustomed meanings to those of ordinary skill in the applicable art(s).
The foregoing description of various embodiments of the invention known to the applicant at this time of filing the application has been presented and is intended for the purposes of illustration and description. The present description is not intended to be exhaustive nor limit the invention to the precise form disclosed and many modifications and variations are possible in the light of the above teachings. The embodiments described serve to explain the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that, based upon the teachings herein, changes and modifications may be made without departing from this invention and its broader aspects and, therefore, the appended claims are to encompass within their scope all such changes and modifications as are within the true spirit and scope of this invention. It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc.).

Claims

1. A structure, comprising:

a foundation; and

a prefabricated dwelling comprising:

at least four walls; and

a roof;

wherein the structure is configured for situation in any environment, is either partially or entirely energy self-sufficient, and is configured to accept a habitability unit.

2. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising at least one habitability unit.

3. The structure according to claim 2, wherein the habitability unit is selected from the group consisting of a photovoltaic module/system, wind turbine, hydropower, solar water heating system, thermal ground storage system, vibration isolation system, hydronic system, water catchment system, battery bank, and combinations thereof.

4. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising height adjustable stairs fitted to the structure.

5. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising a systems management system for controlling and monitoring the structure.

6. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising a satellite communications system for remote controlling and monitoring of the structure.

7. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising a composting toilet.

8. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising an incinerating toilet.

9. The structure according to claim 1, further comprising a graywater system for recycling water.

10. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the foundation comprises an elevated foundation support system to situate the dwelling a distance above a ground plane.

11. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof is a shed roof configured to maximize solar panel orientation.

12. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof further comprises an eave and/or awning for protection of the dwelling from rain, sun and other natural elements.

13. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof is corrugated to aid in water capture and delivery.

14. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the roof further comprises a gutter to aid in water capture and delivery.

15. A method for providing a structure adapted for self-sufficiency, comprising:

providing a foundation at a building site;

selecting at least one habitability unit based on the environment of the building site;

providing a prefabricated dwelling built off-site comprising:

at least four walls;

at least one habitability unit; and

a roof;

delivering the structure to the building site; and

fitting the dwelling to the foundation at the building site.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the habitability unit is selected from the group consisting of a photovoltaic module/system, wind turbine, hydropower, solar water heating system, thermal ground storage system, vibration isolation system, hydronic system, water catchment system, battery bank, and combinations thereof.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the foundation further comprises an elevated foundation support system to situate the dwelling a distance above a ground plane.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises height adjustable stairs fitted to the structure.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises a systems management system for controlling and monitoring the system.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises a satellite communications system for remote control and monitoring of the structure.

21. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises a composting toilet.

22. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises an incinerating toilet.

23. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises a greywater system for recycling water.

24. The method according to claim 15, wherein the structure further comprises a thermal ground storage system to store generated heat.

25. The method according to claim 15, wherein the roof is a shed roof configured to maximize solar panel orientation.

26. The method according to claim 15, wherein the roof of the structure further comprises an eave and/or awning for protection of the dwelling from rain, sun and other natural elements.

27. The method according to claim 15, wherein the roof of the structure is corrugated to aid in water capture and delivery.

28. The method according to claim 15, wherein the roof of the structure further comprises a gutter to aid in water capture and delivery.