WO2010017982A2

WO2010017982A2 - Solar panel for a solar collector, particularly a photovoltaic system

Info

Publication number: WO2010017982A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/005876
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günter Schölzl
Original assignee: Ralos Vertriebs Gmbh
Priority date: 2008-08-14
Filing date: 2009-08-13
Publication date: 2010-02-18
Also published as: WO2010017982A3; DE102008037734A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar panel for a solar collector, particularly a photovoltaic system, for integration into a roof, wherein at least one solar element (14) is provided, which is attached on a holohedral extending base body (12), and the base body (12) has lateral connections (28, 29, 30, 31), which form an overlapping region (32) together with an adjacent connection (28, 29, 30, 31) of a base body (12) of a further solar panel (11) such that the solar panel (11) may be installed according to the installation principle of roof tiles.

Description

Solar module for a solar system, in particular photovoltaic system

The invention relates to a solar module for a solar system, in particular photovoltaic system for integration into a roof with a roof covering, which is covered in particular by the laying principle of roof tiles.

Due to constantly rising energy prices, the demand for photovoltaic systems has risen sharply. By using photovoltaic systems, the energy potential provided by the sun can be exploited free of charge and in an environmentally friendly manner. Such photovoltaic systems are increasingly integrated in newly built houses directly in the roof. In addition, there is an increased need to retrofit photovoltaic systems. On the one hand there is the possibility of one so-called rooftop installation. Due to the advantages of the free energy often a visual impairment of this rooftop installation is accepted.

In addition, there is a so-called roof integration of solar modules. In this case, individual solar modules, which comprise a length of several roof tiles, applied in a complex manner directly on a roof battens. Subsequently, for example, conventional roof tiles are positioned adjacent to the solar modules on a roof substructure to allow complete roofing. However, such roof integrations usually have the disadvantage that due to the complex construction, a complex assembly is required, so that only a small number of square meters can be laid. Furthermore, there is the disadvantage that no rear ventilation is provided. Due to the large heat generation, especially in summer with prolonged solar radiation, the efficiency decreases.

In addition, solutions are proposed in which complex rail structures are applied to a battens, which are then attached to this rail construction, the individual solar elements. These arrangements have the disadvantage that again a ventilation is not given. In addition, proper fire protection is not guaranteed in these embodiments. Furthermore, increased costs for the tightness of a roof are required.

The invention is therefore based on the object to propose a solar module, which allows a simple and fast installation and a simple replacement of individual solar modules in case of need and the standard regulations, such as the fire protection regulations met.

This object is achieved by a solar module for a solar system in which at least one solar element is provided, which is mounted on a body extending over its entire surface is and in which the base body has lateral connections which form an overlap region with an adjacent connection of a base body of another solar module and can be laid according to the laying principle of roof tiles. The solar modules thus form part of the roof covering. The solar module can also be referred to as a so-called solar roof tile or large-scale solar roof tile. This arrangement has the advantage that the individual solar modules can be laid according to the brick principle in the roofing. NEN and thus also in direct connection to individual roof tiles can be laid. This not only allows the desired tile appearance to be maintained, but also allows existing tile roofs to be easily retrofitted to the solar panels. Due to the design of the solar modules, which can be installed on the tile roof principle in the roofing, a simple installation and a time-saving installation is created. The solar modules are provided prefabricated on site, that is, that the solar element is connected to the base body, so that only the solar module applied to the roof substructure and an e- lectric contact must be performed. Due to the formed overlap region to adjacent basic bodies, a dense arrangement and a roof surface closed over the whole area is created in analogy to bricks.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the solar element, which is preferably formed of a frame and a plurality of solar cells, and the base body are arranged by at least one arranged between the frame and the base body fastener to each other. As a result, a packaging of the solar element to the body is made possible in a simple manner. In addition, this attachment between the frame and the body is not visible from the outside, so that a visually appealing design is possible.

It is preferably provided that the solar elements are fixed by a permanent attachment to the body. For example, a rivet connection, a crimping or clamping connection or congestion be provided. Due to the need-based replacement of the entire solar module, which can be performed easily and quickly by the laying principle of a tile, it does not require the replacement of a single component of the solar module.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the base body has a heat-insulating layer on the side facing away from the at least one solar element. As a result, such a solar module can additionally assume a heat protection function. This thermal barrier coating may be plate-shaped and extend over the entire surface of the base body.

The main body of the solar module is preferably formed as a molded part. Such moldings can be made of plastic or metal. Advantageously, it is provided that a longitudinally profiled molded part, in particular a sheet-metal profile, is used. This sheet metal profile in particular has a coating to be weather-resistant. A coating can be omitted if the molding is made of stainless steel.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the solar module has a profiling in the main body, which comprises at least two longitudinal ribs which, opposite at least one bearing surface, which preferably rests on a roof substructure, has a contact surface raised by the profiling. This makes it possible that a resting on the Anlagefiäche solar element is arranged at a distance from the contact surface and thus a rear ventilation of the solar element is given in order to achieve a high efficiency in power generation. Furthermore, this makes it possible that when it rains a good water drainage is given and these spaces of dirt, dust and the like can be flushed.

The profiling introduced in the base body is preferably trapezoidal. As a result, a raised and flat contact surface for fixing the frame to the base body is given. Alternatively, a wave-shaped or rectangular profiling or further geo- be provided for profiling, which allow the solar element is held at a distance from the support surface in the body.

A wiring of the solar element is preferably provided on the base body such that an opening is provided on a wall portion between a contact surface and a support surface or a raised point or area relative to the contact surface. This opening is preferably sealed watertight after passing the supply line with a spout or the like.

The solar module is preferably used such that the longitudinal ribs are aligned in the body along the roof pitch. This can be given a suitable water flow.

A right and left lateral connection of the base body to form an overlap region with an adjacent base body is preferably given by an at least partially formed longitudinal rib, which forms the overlap region with the further longitudinal rib of the adjacent base body. As a result, the profilings, in particular the longitudinal ribs, at least partially intermesh or overlap, whereby a closed roof surface is created in a simple manner by the full-surface base body and the sealing overlapping region.

It is preferably provided that the overlap region is formed without sealant. Due to the overlapping sections of the longitudinal ribs, it is ensured that even pressurized water can not pass completely through the overlapping area. This sealant-free arrangement also allows easy and quick replacement of individual solar modules.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a longitudinal edge of the frame of the solar element and a longitudinal rib of the base body associated therewith at a lateral connection are matched to one another such that the lateral connection has only a partially formed profiling and the frame of the solar element has a distance from the contact surface of the partially formed profiling, wherein the distance preferably corresponds at least to the material thickness of the base body. As a result, a small gap is formed between the base body and the frame of the solar element, which makes it possible for a profiling of an adjacent base body, which adjoins it, to form an overlapping area.

The only partially formed profiling is preferably formed as a half profiling such that a wall portion between the support surface and the contact surface and a part of the contact surface is formed. The contact surface is preferably greater than 10%, but less than 100% of the width formed with respect to the contact surface of the further longitudinal rib.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a longitudinal edge of the frame of the solar element and a longitudinal rib associated therewith are matched to one another at the further lateral connection such that the lateral connection has a partial or complete profiling and the lateral frame of the solar element extends as far as the contact surface or only strip-shaped rests on the edge of the contact surface, so that at least one fastening element between the frame and the base body can be arranged. This lateral connection is thus wider than the aforementioned connection of the opposite side. Thus, an overlap of the adjacent lateral connection is made possible. Characterized in that the adjacent terminal comprises a contact surface which corresponds to only a part of the width of the contact surface of the otherwise provided profiling, it is possible that a kind of tolerance compensation is provided in the lateral direction.

The complete profiling of the one lateral connection preferably comprises a wall section between the contact surface and the support surface, the abutment surface and another wall section arranged thereon, which completes the longitudinal rib, without being attached to it another support surface connects. This embodiment allows a simple and inexpensive production to form the lateral connections.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that a lower connection of the base body relative to a lower frame of the solar element has a projection of the base body to the frame of the solar element. This serves to create an overlapping area to the solar module adjacent thereto. At the same time a defined distance of two superimposed solar modules can be created. The gap width formed between the solar elements serves for the introduction of at least one fastening element for fixing the base body on the roof substructure.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that an upper connection of the main body has a projection, which is preferably larger than the lower projection. Since this upper projection in a laid arrangement of the solar modules engages under the lower projection of the solar module arranged above, it is ensured that moisture or liquid rising through wind load does not reach behind the roof covering formed by the basic body. Here, too, a sealant-free arrangement or a sealant-free overlapping area is preferably provided.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the base body has at least one retaining element, in particular a tab, on at least one longitudinal rib on the upper connection. Such a tab is preferably directed to the roof substructure, bent or can be bent in the laying of the solar modules, so that it acts on a roof substructure or a roof batten and as additional security of the solar module during and after laying and fixing the solar modules on the Roof substructure serves. The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can be applied individually according to the invention individually or in combination in any combination. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of the solar module according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of the solar module according to FIG. 1,

Figure 3 is a schematic side view of several juxtaposed solar modules according to Figure 1 and

FIG. 4 shows a further schematic side view of a plurality of solar modules arranged in succession according to FIG. 1 in a mounting situation.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of a solar module 11 according to the invention. A side view of the solar module 11 according to FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. This solar module 11, which is provided for a solar system, in particular photovoltaic system, for integration in a roof with a roof covering, comprises a base body 12 and a solar element 14 arranged thereon. Alternatively, a plurality of solar elements 14 may be arranged on a base body 12. The solar element 14 consists of at least one solar cell and a surrounding the at least one solar cell frame 15. On a bottom of the solar element 14, a connecting device 17 is provided with a connection cable 18 to guide the generated e- lectric energy to the consumer and / or in a to feed public electricity grid. The main body 12 consists of a full-surface molded part, which is formed of metal or plastic in particular. This main body 12 has a profiling 21, which is designed according to the embodiment as a trapezoidal profiling 21. This trapezoidal profiling 21 comprises longitudinal ribs 22, which are formed by a contact surface 23 and lateral wall sections 24 which are raised relative to the at least one support surface 26 of the main body 12. The height and width of the longitudinal ribs 22 and their ratio of the surface portion to the support surface 26 can be adapted to the particular application. Alternatively, instead of a trapezoidal profiling 21, a wave-shaped profiling, a frustoconical profiling, an asymmetrically formed longitudinal rib 22 or the like may be formed. Regardless of the geometry of the longitudinal rib 22, however, is important that between the support surface 26 and one of these raised against surface-shaped contact surface 23 or lifted line-shaped or point-shaped contact surface 23, a gap between the base body 12 and the solar element 14 is formed. This space is used for ventilation and heat dissipation. Furthermore, this space serves as a receiving space for the connection device 17, so that only in the base body 12, a cable bushing for the connection cable 18 is required to electrically connect the solar element 14.

The solar element 14 comprises a frame 15 which accommodates at least one solar cell 16. The solar element 14 is fastened via the frame 15 to the main body 12. Preferably, the frame 15 is formed with a C-profile, so that a leg which rests on the contact surface 23, is connected simultaneously with this. Preferably, a permanent attachment is provided. As a fastener 33 rivets are preferably provided. Thus, 22 may be provided at each support point of the frame 15 on the respective contact surface 23 of the longitudinal ribs 22 such attachment point. As a result, a secure and the wind loads corresponding fixation is given. The solar module 11 has lateral connections 28 to 31, which are each formed differently. As a result of the design of the lateral connections 28 to 31, different overlapping regions 32 are created to directly adjacent thereto solar modules 11. These are provided in such a way that they can be laid according to the laying principle of roof tiles of a roof covering. This allows a simple laying technique as well as a simple exchange. The lower connection 28 has a projection of the main body 12. Opposite an upper terminal 29 is also formed with a supernatant, which, however, is preferably designed to be longer over the supernatant at the lower stop. The one lateral connection 31 or the right connection 31 of the solar module 11 is formed by a partial or half profiling 21 of the longitudinal rib 22. This partially formed longitudinal rib 22 comprises a wall portion 24 and, for example, an Arilage- surface 23, whose width is less than that of a full longitudinal rib 22 formed, but at least a small width, to form a support surface in the overlapping region 32. Alternatively, it can also be provided that instead of a partially formed in the width longitudinal rib 22 and a connection is formed in which the contact surface 23 is omitted. Likewise, if no contact surface 23 is present, only a partially extending in the width wall portion 24 may be provided. Likewise, alternatively, the contact surface 23 in the full width and / or disposed thereon, in turn, a wall portion 24 may be provided, which is aligned according to the profiling 21. Regardless of the specific configuration of the lateral connection 31, the solar element 14 with its frame 15 is so arranged to the longitudinal rib 22, which forms the lateral connection 31, that between the frame 15 of the solar element 14 and the longitudinal rib 22, a gap is formed, at least the Thickness of the base body 12 corresponds.

The opposite lateral connection 30 or the left lateral connection of the solar module 11 comprises a preferably completely formed longitudinal rib 22. Alternatively, it may also be provided that the outermost wall section 24 also extends partially in width. Likewise, this wall section 24 could also be omitted. Of the Frame 15 of the solar element 14 is provided at this lateral connection 30 in such a way that it rests at least slightly on the abutment surface 23 in order to enable a fixation of the frame 15 to the abutment surface 23 by at least one fastening element 33.

Such solar modules 11 according to Figures 1 and 2 can be designed as a so-called solar roof tiles, which are preferably designed in a large format, and be laid on the brick principle. For example, a roof covering may consist of bricks or other roof covering elements, which may at least partially be replaced or supplemented by the solar modules. The solar modules are thus independent roof covering elements or so-called solar module tiles.

Side views are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in order to illustrate in detail the individual connections in the overlapping region 32 as well as the attachment of the solar modules 11 to the roof substructure 34.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of a lower or upper connection 28, 29, wherein a plurality of solar modules 11 are connected to one another via their lateral connections 30, 31 and form an overlapping region 32. Due to the differently formed lateral connections 30 and 31, it is possible that when a plurality of solar modules 11 are arranged side by side, a uniform overlap region 32 is created with a sufficient degree of overlap of the adjoining longitudinal ribs 22. Due to the congruent arrangement of one contact surface 26 each of the two adjacent solar modules 11, it is possible for the contact surfaces 26 to be fastened to one another or to one another. This is done for example by a rivet, screw or clamp connection. The overlap region 32 can be formed without seal, since it is ensured due to the size of the overlap that a lateral penetration of moisture is prevented. By positioning the solar element 14 to the base body 12 or the adaptation of the profiling 21 in the base body 12 to the size of the solar element 14 or vice versa is possible that a uniform grid between the individual solar elements 14 after positioning the Grundkör- is given by 12 to each other. At the same time remains a sufficient space, which allows accessibility to attach the two adjacent body 12 to each other. The solar module 11 is fastened in the region of the upper and lower connection 28, 29 by fastening elements 33 to the roof substructure 34. The roof substructure 34 consists of parallel to the roof gable and / or parallel to the roof pitch extending roof battens 35 to which the base body 12 are fastened by a rivet, screw, clamp connection or the like.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of a plurality of solar modules 11 arranged one above the other according to the slope of the roof. The upper terminal 29 of the solar module 11 is covered by the lower terminal 28 of the solar module 11 arranged above. This ensures that the water draining along the profiling 21 can flow away without moisture being able to pass through the overlapping region 32 behind the main body 12 of the solar module 11 within the overlapping region 32, for example due to a back pressure or wind. At the same time, a free space remains in this overlapping area 32, so that accessibility for fastening the two base bodies 12 arranged in the overlapping area 32 is made possible. The lower terminal 28 or the projection of the main body 12 to the lower longitudinal edge of the frame 15 of the solar element 14 can simultaneously serve to adjust the distance to the underlying solar element 14, so that an optically uniform screening arises at a plurality of mutually arranged solar modules 11.

Preferably, a holding element 38 may be formed or formed on the base body 12, in particular on the longitudinal rib 22, on the upper connection 29. For example, a tab can be formed by a punching. As an alternative to the tab, a hook or a bracket can be fastened or formed on the contact surface 26 or the wall sections 24 of the longitudinal rib 22 in the region of the upper projection. These holding elements 38 can serve as additional securing of the solar module 11 to the roof substructure 34, in particular until the adjacent solar modules 11 are set and fixed to each other.

The trained according to the laying principle of roof tiles and mutually arranged solar modules 11 allow a tight roof cover without additional sealing elements between the main bodies 12 is required. In addition, due to the complete roof covering by the body 12, the fire protection requirements are met. These solar modules 11 can be integrated into existing tile roofs. For this purpose, only end profiles or connection profiles between the roof tiles and the solar modules 11 are provided in order to create a solid and tight transition. As a result, the overall optical image can be significantly improved. At the same time a simple retrofitting can be performed by such solar modules 11. Due to the prefabricated solar modules 11, which are to be mounted only on site on the roof construction, carried out after mounting on the roof substructure 34 is a simple electrical connection of the individual solar modules 11 through the connection cable 18, which are preferably prefabricated with connector plugs. As a result, a plurality of solar modules 11 can be laid in a very short time.

Claims

claims

1. solar module for a solar system, in particular photovoltaic system, for integration into a roof, characterized in that at least one solar element (14) is provided, which is fastened on a full surface extending body (12) and that the main body ^" (12 ) has lateral connections (28, 29, 30, 31) which form an overlapping region (32) with an adjacent connection (28, 29, 30, 31) of a main body (12) of a further solar module (11) Solar module (11) can be laid according to the laying principle of roof tiles.

2. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar element (14), which is preferably formed of a frame (15) and at least one solar cell (16), and the base body (12) by at least one between the frame (15). and the base body (12) arranged fastener (33) are interconnected.

3. Solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that a permanent attachment between the base body (12) and the solar element (14), in particular the frame (15) of the solar element (14), is provided.

4. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) on the at least one solar element (14) facing away from a thermal insulation layer.

5. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) as a molded part, in particular as a longitudinal profile molding, preferably made of plastic or metal, is formed.

6. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) has a profiling (21) with at least two longitudinal ribs (22) facing at least one bearing surface (26), preferably for positioning on a roof substructure (34 ), is formed increased, and that the longitudinal rib (22) preferably has a relation to the support surface (26) raised contact surface (23).

7. Solar module according to claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal ribs (22) of the profiling (21) are trapezoidal, wavy or rectangular.

8. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar element (14) spans the profiling (21) and in particular rests on the raised abutment surface (23) of the at least one longitudinal rib (22).

9. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) on a wall portion (24) between a support surface (26) and a contact surface (23) has an opening for passing a connection cable (18) of the solar element (14). having.

10. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one longitudinal rib (22) of the profiling (21) on the base body (12) is aligned longitudinally to the roof pitch.

11. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first and a further lateral connection (30, 31) on the base body (12) by an at least partially formed longitudinal rib (22) is formed, which with the longitudinal rib (22 ) of the lateral connection (30, 31) of an adjacent basic body (12) forms the overlapping region (32).

12. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that the overlap region (32) is formed without sealant.

13. Solar module according to claim 11, characterized in that a longitudinal edge of the frame (15) of the solar element (14) and a longitudinal rib associated therewith (22) are arranged on a lateral connection (31) in such a way that the lateral connection ( 31) has only partially formed longitudinal rib (22) and the frame (15) of the solar element (14) at a distance from the contact surface (23) of the profiling (21), which corresponds at least to the material thickness of the base body (12).

14. Solar module according to claim 13, characterized in that the only partially formed profiling (21) comprises a wall portion (24) between the support surface (26) and the abutment surface (23) and a contact surface (26), in the width over the entire surface or is only partially formed.

15. Solar module according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a longitudinal edge of the frame (15) of the solar element (14) and a longitudinal rib associated therewith (22) at a lateral connection (30) are arranged to each other such that the lateral Connection (30) has a partial or complete profiling (21) and extending a longitudinal edge of the connection point (30) associated frame (15) up to the contact surface (23) of the lateral connection (30) associated longitudinal rib (22) or at least partially rests on the edge of the contact surface (23), so that at least one fastening element (33) between the longitudinal edge of the frame (15) and the base body (12) is attachable.

16. Solar module according to claim 15, characterized in that the profiling (21) in the lateral connection (30) has a wall portion (24) between the contact surface (23) and the support surface (26), a contact surface (23) and a further wall portion (24) which extends at least partially in the direction of a bearing surface (26) of the adjacent base body (12).

17. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lower terminal (28) of the base body (12) opposite a lower longitudinal edge of the frame (15) of the solar element (14) has a projection.

18. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an upper terminal (29) of the base body (12) has a projection, which is preferably greater than the projection on the lower terminal (28).

19. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) on at least one longitudinal rib (22) of the profiling (21) in the region of an upper terminal (29) has at least one holding element (38) which on the roof substructure (34) is fastened.